The Neuman’s Systems Model maintains that each person (or group of persons) constitutes a system of five variables: physiological, psychological, sociocultural, developmental, and spiritual. These variables exist along a developmental continuum. The spiritual continuum can range from lack of awareness or denial of spirituality to a highly developed spiritual consciousness. A nurse who allows Neuman’s Systems Model to guide practice should address the client’s level of spiritual awareness or development and address any identifiable spiritual needs occurring in reaction to the:

Many facilities allow the client’s family to be present during resuscitative efforts of the client. What is the advantage to having family present during resuscitation of a client?

Nurses work with dying clients and their families everyday. The needs of the families of dying clients are:

Psychologic conditioning to increase resistance to stress focuses on:

The primary mode of intervention for stress management consists of:

Which factor is most accurately linked to stress?

Several skin conditions that are of most importance in African-American clients include:

During which stage of illness should the nurse orient teaching to meet the client’s family’s needs?

Acutely ill clients often experience high levels of physiologic and psychologic stress. Sources of physiologic stress in the acutely ill client are:

Guided imagery is a form of alternative therapy. Guided imagery can frequently be used by the nurse to decrease stress, pain, and anxiety. Additional benefits of guided imagery include:

The technology-driven, critical care environment is fast paced and directed toward monitoring and treating life-threatening changes in client conditions. To the families of critical care clients, four behaviors indicate caring. These include:

Family structure is the ordered set of relationships among family parts and between the family and other social systems. In determining the family structure, the nurse needs to identify the:

At different stages of life, families must master certain developmental tasks in order to maintain psychological health. Families with young adults who are launching into society have family developmental tasks to master including:

An example of external family coping strategies include:

An example of internal family coping strategies includes:

The nurse working in a long-term care facility knows that elder abuse most often consists of:

A nurse working in a Planned Parenthood clinic routinely asks clients about experiencing possible domestic violence. The advantage of this line of questioning is that it:

In every household, members have to decide the ways in which work and responsibilities will be divided and shared. Different roles include:

Which form of communication most likely informs a client about how sincere, interested, and receptive a nurse is toward the client?

Which religious group may decline unnecessary health care procedures on Shabbat?

Which religion worships Allah, performs ritual prayers five times per day with ablutions prior, and attends mosque or gathers with groups at noon on Fridays?

Which religion believes in final judgment that determines heaven or hell?

Which religion believes that physical disease results from good or bad karma (result of acts previously committed)?

In the Buddhist religion, the use of drugs and alcohol is:

Techniques for empathic listening include:

Listening is an essential element of nursing activities that promote spiritual health. Key aspects of listening empathetically are:

Which quality is essential for a nurse to be an effective spiritual care provider?

The theoretical support for spiritual caregiving is recognized by professional organizations that influence nursing practice and education. Some professional organizations have issues mandating that nurses offer spiritual care to clients and teach spiritual care to nursing students. Which organization meets these criteria?

The nurse should communicate the news about the death of a client to the family:

The nurse should demonstrate compassion and empathy when communicating news about the death of a client to the family. Which is an example of appropriate communication skills by the nurse during this situation?