Nclex-Rn Practice Questions-Microbiology The Prokaryotes Domains Bacteria And Archaea

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Question 1

Which of the following are found primarily in the intestines of humans?

A	gram-negative aerobic rods and cocci
B	aerobic, helical bacteria
C	facultatively anaerobic gram-negative rods
D	gram-positive cocci
E	endospore-forming rods

Question 2

Which of the following is the best reason to classify Streptococcus in the Lactobacillales?

A	Gram reaction
B	morphology
C	fermentation of lactose
D	rRNA sequences
E	found in dairy products

Question 3

Streptomyces differs from Actinomyces because Streptomyces

A	makes antibiotics.
B	produces conidia.
C	forms filaments.
D	is a strict aerobe.
E	is a bacterium.

Question 4

All of the following bacteria are gram-positive. Which does NOT belong with the others?

A	Actinomyces
B	Gardnerella
C	Corynebacterium
D	Listeria
E	Mycobacterium

Question 5

Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia, and Serratia are all

A	pathogens.
B	gram-negative facultatively anaerobic rods.
C	gram-positive aerobic cocci.
D	fermentative.
E	endospore-forming bacteria.

Question 6

You have isolated a gram-positive rod. What should you do next?

A	Gram stain
B	lactose fermentation
C	endospore stain
D	flagella stain
E	enterotube

Question 7

Borrelia is classified as a spirochete because it

A	is aerobic.
B	possesses an axial filament.
C	is a rod.
D	is a pathogen.
E	is transmitted by ticks.

Question 8

You have isolated a prokaryotic cell. The first step in identification is a(n)

A	Gram stain.
B	lactose fermentation test.
C	endospore stain.
D	flagella stain.
E	DNA fingerprint.

Question 9

Which of the following bacteria are responsible for more infections and more different kinds of infections?

A	Streptococcus
B	Staphylococcus
C	Salmonella
D	Pseudomonas
E	Neisseria

Question 10

Actinomycetes differ from fungi in that actinomycetes

A	are chemoheterotrophs.
B	lack a membrane-bounded nucleus.
C	require light.
D	are decomposers.
E	cause disease.

Question 11

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

A	spirochete — axial filament
B	aerobic, helical bacteria — gram-negative
C	enterics — gram-negative
D	mycobacteria — acid-fast
E	Pseudomonas — gram-positive

Question 12

Which one of the following does NOT belong with the others?

A	Coxiella
B	Ehrlichia
C	Rickettsia
D	Staphylococcus
E	Wolbachia

Question 13

Caulobacter are different from most bacteria in that they

A	are gram-negative.
B	are gram-positive.
C	have stalks.
D	lack cell walls.
E	are motile.

Question 14

All of the following bacteria are motile. Which does NOT have flagella?

A	Escherichia
B	helical bacteria
C	Pseudomonas
D	spirochetes
E	Salmonella

Question 15

Which of the following bacteria does NOT belong with the others?

A	Halobacterium
B	Halococcus
C	Methanobacterium
D	Staphylococcus
E	Sulfolobus

Question 16

Mycoplasmas differ from other bacteria in that they

A	grow inside host cells.
B	lack a cell wall.
C	are acid-fast.
D	are motile.
E	are gram-negative.

Question 17

Which of the following pairs is NOT correctly matched?

A	elementary body — Escherichia
B	endospore — Bacillus
C	endospore — Clostridium
D	heterocyst — cyanobacteria
E	myxospore — gliding bacteria

Question 18

You have isolated an aerobic gram-positive, endospore-forming bacterium that grows well on nutrient agar. To which of the following groups does it most likely belong?

A	phototrophic bacteria
B	gammaproteobacteria
C	deltaproteobacteria
D	bacillales
E	The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided.

Question 19

Burkholderia was reclassified from the gammaproteobacteria to the betaproteobacteria because

A	it grows in disinfectants.
B	it is a gram-negative rod.
C	it causes infections in cystic fibrosis patients.
D	it causes melioidosis.
E	its rRNA sequence is similar to that of Neisseria.

Question 20

Which one of the following bacteria does NOT belong with the others?

A	Bordetella
B	Burkholderia
C	Neisseria
D	Acidithiobacillus
E	Salmonella

Question 21

The crab industry needs female crabs for growing more crabs. What bacterium might be used to ensure development of female crabs and shrimp?

A	Acinetobacter
B	Gemmata
C	Neisseria
D	Pelagibacter
E	Wolbachia

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT an enteric?

A	Salmonella
B	Shigella
C	Escherichia
D	Enterobacter
E	Campylobacter

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of spirochetes?

A	possess an axial filament
B	gram-negative
C	helical shape
D	easily observed with brightfield microscopy
E	found in the human oral cavity

Question 24

You have isolated a bacterium that grows in a medium containing an organic substrate and nitrate in the absence of oxygen. The nitrate is reduced to nitrogen gas. You can be sure that this bacterium is

A	gram-positive.
B	using anaerobic respiration.
C	a chemoautotroph.
D	a photoautotroph.
E	a photoheterotroph.

Question 25

Which of the following lacks a cell wall?

A	Borrelia
B	Mycoplasma
C	Mycobacterium
D	Clostridium
E	Nocardia

Question 26

Which of the following bacteria is gram-negative?

A	Treponema
B	Corynebacterium
C	Bacillus
D	Staphylococcus
E	Mycobacterium

Question 27

Which of the following statements about the causative agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever is FALSE?

A	It is an intracellular parasite.
B	It is transmitted by ticks.
C	It is in the genus Rickettsia.
D	It is gram-negative.
E	It is found in soil and water.

Question 28

Which of the following form conidiospores?

A	endospore-forming gram-positive rods and cocci
B	actinomycetes and related organisms
C	rickettsias
D	anaerobic gram-negative cocci
E	spiral and curved bacteria

Question 29

Which of the following do you expect to be MOST resistant to high temperatures?

A	Bacillus subtilis
B	Eschericia coli
C	Neisseria gonorrhoeae
D	Staphylococcus aureus
E	Streptococcocus pyogenes

Question 30

Staphylococcus and Streptococcus can be easily differentiated in a laboratory by which one of the following?

A	cell shape
B	Gram stain reaction
C	growth in high salt concentrations
D	ability to cause disease
E	glucose fermentation

Question 31

Requirements for X and V factors are used to identify

A	Staphylococcus.
B	Escherichia.
C	Neisseria.
D	Haemophilus.
E	Pseudomonas.

Question 32

You have isolated a bacterium that grows in a medium containing only inorganic nutrients. Ammonia is oxidized to a nitrate ion. This bacterium is

A	gram-negative.
B	using anaerobic respiration.
C	a chemoautotroph.
D	a photoautotroph.
E	a photoheterotroph.

Question 33

Which of the following bacteria is gram-positive?

A	Pseudomonas
B	Salmonella
C	Streptococcus
D	Bacteroides
E	Rickettsia

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Neisseria?

A	requires X and V factors
B	cocci
C	gram-negative
D	oxidase-positive
E	Some species are human pathogens.

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic inherent of the non-endospore-forming gram-positive rods?

A	are aerotolerant
B	carry out fermentative metabolism
C	display a branched filamentous morphology
D	nonpathogenic
E	lack cell walls

Question 36

Escherichia coli belongs to the

A	proteobacteria.
B	gram-positive bacteria.
C	green sulfur bacteria.
D	spirochetes.
E	actinomycetes.

Question 37

Which one of the following bacteria does NOT belong with the others?

A	Bacillus
B	Escherichia
C	Lactobacillus
D	Staphylococcus
E	Streptococcus

Question 38

Rickettsias differ from chlamydias in that rickettsias

A	are gram-negative.
B	are intracellular parasites.
C	require an arthropod for transmission.
D	form elementary bodies.
E	are enterics.

Question 39

Which of the following genera is an anaerobic gram-negative rod?

A	Escherichia
B	Staphylococcus
C	Bacteroides
D	Treponema
E	Neisseria

Question 40

Thiobacillus oxidizes inorganic sulfur compounds and reduces CO2. This bacterium is a

A	chemoheterotroph.
B	chemoautotroph.
C	photoautotroph.
D	gammaproteobacteria.
E	photoheterotroph.

Question 41

The nonsulfur photosynthetic bacteria use organic compounds as

A	carbon sources.
B	electron donors to reduce CO2.
C	energy sources.
D	electron acceptors.
E	oxygen sources.

Question 42

Both Beggiatoa and the purple sulfur bacteria use H2S. These bacteria differ in that Beggiatoa

A	uses H2S for an energy source.
B	uses H2S for a carbon source.
C	uses light energy.
D	belongs to the gammaproteobacteria.
E	is a heterotroph.

Question 43

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

A	dissimilatory sulfate-reducing bacteria — produce H2S
B	archaea — extremophiles
C	chemoautotrophic bacteria — fix atmospheric nitrogen
D	actinomycetes — reproduce by fragmentation
E	Cytophaga — a gliding, nonfruiting bacterium

Question 44

A primary difference between cyanobacteria and purple and green phototrophic bacteria is

A	energy source.
B	cell wall type.
C	electron donor for CO2 reduction.
D	cell type.
E	color.

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