Nclex-Rn Practice Questions-Microbiology The Eukaryotes Fungi Algae Protozoa And Helminth
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Question 1 |
Which of the following statements regarding fungi is FALSE?
A | Most fungi are pathogenic for humans. |
B | Fungi are eukaryotic heterotrophs. |
C | Fungi reproduce by forming asexual or sexual spores. |
D | Most fungi grow well in acidic culture condition. |
E | Fungi tolerate low moisture conditions. |
Question 2 |
What do tapeworms eat?
A | intestinal bacteria |
B | host tissues |
C | red blood cells |
D | intestinal contents |
E | plant matter |
Question 3 |
Giardia and Trichomonas are unusual eukaryotes because they
A | are motile. |
B | lack mitochondria. |
C | lack nuclei. |
D | do not produce cysts. |
E | do produce cysts. |
Question 4 |
The life cycle of the fish tapeworm is similar to that of the beef tapeworm. Which of the following is the most effective preventive measure?
A | salting fish before eating |
B | refrigerating stored fish |
C | cooking fish before eating |
D | wearing gloves while handling fish |
E | not swimming in fish-infested waters |
Question 5 |
Which of the following is the most effective control for malaria?
A | vaccination |
B | treating patients |
C | eliminate Anopheles mosquitoes |
D | eliminate the intermediate host |
E | None of these is an effective control. |
Question 6 |
In the microscope, you observe multinucleated amoeboid cells with sporangia that form spores. This is a(n)
A | ascomycete. |
B | cellular slime mold. |
C | Euglenozoa. |
D | tapeworm. |
E | plasmodial slime mold. |
Question 7 |
You observe a mass of amoeba-like cells that swarm together, form a stalk, and produce spores. This is a(n)
A | ascomycete. |
B | cellular slime mold. |
C | Euglenozoa. |
D | tapeworm. |
E | plasmodial slime mold. |
Question 8 |
Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
A | nematodes — complete digestive tract |
B | cestodes — segmented body made of proglottids |
C | trematodes — flukes |
D | nematodes — many are free-living |
E | cestodes — all are free-living |
Question 9 |
A definitive host harbors which stage of a parasite?
A | miracidium |
B | cyst |
C | adult |
D | larva |
E | All of the answers are correct. |
Question 10 |
Which of the following is a nucleated, unicellular organism that, if you changed the incubation temperature, would form filaments with conidiospores?
A | ascomycete |
B | cellular slime mold |
C | euglenozoa |
D | tapeworm |
E | plasmodial slime mold |
Question 11 |
Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
A | tick — Rocky Mountain spotted fever |
B | tick — Lyme disease |
C | mosquito — malaria |
D | mosquito — Pneumocystis |
E | mosquito — encephalitis |
Question 12 |
Which of the following groups of algae does NOT produce compounds that are toxic to humans?
A | diatoms |
B | dinoflagellates |
C | green algae |
D | red algae |
E | None of the answers is correct; all of these groups of algae produce compounds toxic to humans. |
Question 13 |
The cells of plasmodial slime molds can grow to several centimeters in diameter because
A | they have organelles. |
B | they distribute nutrients by cytoplasmic streaming. |
C | the large surface can absorb nutrients. |
D | they form spores. |
E | they have a mouth to ingest nutrients. |
Question 14 |
Assume you have isolated a multicellular heterotrophic organism that produces coenocytic hyphae, motile zoospores, and cellulose cell walls. It is most likely a(n)
A | ascomycete fungus. |
B | green alga. |
C | oomycote alga. |
D | tapeworm. |
E | zygomycete fungus. |
Question 15 |
If a larva of Echinococcus granulosus is found in humans, humans are the
A | definitive host. |
B | infected host. |
C | intermediate host. |
D | reservoir. |
E | None of the answers is correct. |
Question 16 |
Ringworm is caused by a(n)
A | fungus. |
B | cestode. |
C | nematode. |
D | protozoan. |
E | trematode. |
Question 17 |
Yeast infections are caused by
A | Aspergillus. |
B | Candida albicans. |
C | Histoplasma. |
D | Penicillium. |
E | Saccharomyces cerevisiae. |
Question 18 |
Which of the following organisms is photoautotrophic protozoan?
A | oomycote |
B | cellular slime mold |
C | Euglena |
D | Phytophthora |
E | plasmodial slime mold |
Question 19 |
All of the following are characteristic of algae EXCEPT which ONE of the following?
A | Most are photoautotrophs. |
B | They are currently classified as plants. |
C | They may be unicellular or multicellular. |
D | Some produce harmful toxins. |
E | They mostly live in aquatic habitats. |
Question 20 |
Below are paired items referring to the heartworm Dirofilaria immitis. Which of the pairs is mismatched?
A | dog — definitive host |
B | dog — sexual reproduction |
C | mosquito — vector |
D | mosquito — definitive host |
E | None of the pairs is mismatched. |
Question 21 |
Which of the following tends to be more complex in a parasitic helminth than in free-living helminths?
A | digestive system |
B | nervous system |
C | reproductive system |
D | digestive and nervous systems |
E | digestive, reproductive, and nervous systems |
Question 22 |
Which of the following statements about helminths is FALSE?
A | They are heterotrophic. |
B | They are multicellular animals. |
C | They have eukaryotic cells. |
D | All are parasites. |
E | Some have male and female reproductive organs in one animal. |
Question 23 |
Which of the following statements about the oomycote algae is FALSE?
A | They form hyphae. |
B | They produce zoospores in a sporangium. |
C | They cause plant diseases. |
D | They have chlorophyll. |
E | They reproduce sexually. |
Question 24 |
Which of the following statements regarding lichens is FALSE?
A | Lichens are a mutualistic relationship between a fungus and a protozoan. |
B | Lichens represent a mutualistic relationship between a fungus and an alga. |
C | Lichens are often the first life form to colonize rock or soil. |
D | The algal partner produces carbohydrates that are absorbed by the fungal partner. |
E | The fungal partner provides a means of attachment and protects the algal partner from desiccation. |
Question 25 |
Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
A | Basidiomycota — basidiospores |
B | Ascomycota — conidiospores |
C | Zygomycota — sporangiospores |
D | microsporidia — lack mitochondria |
E | anamorphs — lack spores |
Question 26 |
Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
A | teleomorph — produces both sexual and asexual spores |
B | dermatomycosis — fungal infection of the skin |
C | dimorphic fungus — grows as a yeast or a mold |
D | systemic mycosis — fungal infection of body organs |
E | coenocytic hyphae — hyphae with cross-walls |
Question 27 |
Which of the following statements regarding protozoa is FALSE?
A | Protozoa are unicellular eukaryotes. |
B | Nearly all protozoa cause disease. |
C | Most protozoa reproduce asexually. |
D | Protozoa are common in water and soil. |
E | Some protozoan pathogens are transmitted by arthropod vectors. |
Question 28 |
All of the following are characteristic of lichens EXCEPT
A | they are arranged in foliose, fruticose, or crustose morphologies. |
B | they are a major food source for tundra herbivores. |
C | they are used as indicators of air pollution. |
D | they are a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and a protozoan. |
E | they serve as primary producers in rocky ecosystems. |
Question 29 |
You see acid-fast oocysts in a fecal sample from a patient who has diarrhea. What is the MOST likely cause?
A | Cryptosporidium |
B | diatoms |
C | Entamoeba |
D | Giardia |
E | Taenia |
Question 30 |
Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
A | dinoflagellates — paralytic shellfish poisoning |
B | brown algae — algin |
C | red algae — agar |
D | diatoms — petroleum |
E | green algae — prokaryotic |
Question 31 |
Helminthic diseases are usually transmitted to humans by
A | respiratory route. |
B | genitourinary route. |
C | gastrointestinal route. |
D | vectors. |
E | aerosols. |
Question 32 |
All of the following are characteristic of the Platyhelminthes EXCEPT that they
A | are hermaphroditic. |
B | are dorsoventrally flattened. |
C | have highly developed digestive and nervous systems. |
D | can be divided into flukes and tapeworms. |
E | are multicellular animals. |
Question 33 |
In the malaria parasite life cycle, humans are the ________ host, while mosquitoes are the ________ host as well as the vector.
A | definitive; intermediate |
B | intermediate; intermediate |
C | temporary; final |
D | vector; intermediate |
E | intermediate; definitive |
Question 34 |
Three weeks after a river rafting trip, three family members experienced symptoms of coughing, fever, and chest pain. During the rafting trip, the family had consumed crayfish that they caught along the river banks. An examination of the patients' sputum revealed helminth eggs, and serum samples were positive for antibodies to Paragonimus. All of the family members recovered following treatment with praziquantel. In the Paragonimus life cycle,
A | the crayfish are the definitive host and humans are the intermediate host. |
B | humans are the definitive host and crayfish are the intermediate host. |
C | both humans and crayfish are intermediate hosts. |
D | both humans and crayfish are definitive hosts. |
E | the source of the infection was the river water. |
Question 35 |
The encysted larva of the beef tapeworm is called a
A | redia. |
B | cercaria. |
C | cysticercus. |
D | metacercaria. |
E | proglottid. |
Question 36 |
Which of the following arthropods does NOT transmit diseases by sucking blood from a human host?
A | lice |
B | fleas |
C | houseflies |
D | mosquitoes |
E | kissing bugs |
Question 37 |
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
A | Fungi produce sexual spores. |
B | Fungi produce asexual spores. |
C | Fungal spores are used in identification of fungi. |
D | Fungal spores are highly resistant to heat and chemical agents. |
E | Fungal spores are for asexual or sexual reproduction. |
Question 38 |
Which of the following statements about algae is FALSE?
A | They use light as their energy source. |
B | They use CO2 as their carbon source. |
C | They produce oxygen from hydrolysis of water. |
D | All are unicellular. |
E | Some are capable of sexual reproduction. |
Question 39 |
Seventeen patients in ten hospitals had cutaneous infections caused by Rhizopus. In all seventeen patients, Elastoplast bandages were placed over sterile gauze pads to cover wounds. Fourteen of the patients had surgical wounds, two had venous line insertion sites, and one had a bite wound. Lesions present when the bandages were removed ranged from vesiculopustular eruptions to ulcerations and skin necrosis requiring debridement. Fungi are more likely than bacteria to contaminate bandages because they
A | are aerobic. |
B | can tolerate low-moisture conditions. |
C | prefer a neutral environment (pH 7). |
D | have a fermentative metabolism. |
E | cannot tolerate high osmotic pressure. |
Question 40 |
In mid-December, a woman with insulin-dependent diabetes who had been on prednisone fell and received an abrasion on the dorsal side of her right hand. She was placed on penicillin. By the end of January, the ulcer had not healed, and she was referred to a plastic surgeon. On January 30, a swab of the wound was cultured at 35°C on blood agar. On the same day, a smear was made for Gram staining. The Gram stain showed large (10 µm) cells. Brownish, waxy colonies grew on the blood agar. Slide cultures set up on February 1 and incubated at 25°C showed septate hyphae and single conidia. The most likely cause of the infection is a
A | gram-negative bacterium. |
B | dimorphic fungus. |
C | parasitic alga. |
D | yeast. |
E | protozoan. |
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