Nclex-Rn Practice Questions-Fundamentals Of Nursing Nutrition
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Question 1 |
An experienced nurse is observing a new nurse teaching the client about TPN. Which statement indicates that the new nurse needs additional orientation regarding the administration of TPN?
A | “A gastrostomy tube will be inserted through the abdominal wall into your stomach to administer your TPN.” |
B | “Your blood glucose will be monitored frequently because the TPN has a high concentration of dextrose.” |
C | “Although an infusion pump will be used to administer the TPN solution, you can still ambulate with assistance.” |
D | “The TPN provides nutrients of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, electrolytes, vitamins, and trace minerals.” |
Question 2 |
The nurse is caring for the older adult client who has experienced unintended weight loss. Which energy- dense protein foods should the nurse offer to the client when the client requests a snack?
A | Carrot sticks or apple wedges with dip |
B | Peanut butter on celery or a hard-boiled egg |
C | Whole wheat toast with grape jelly or a bagel |
D | Yogurt or cottage cheese with blueberries |
Question 3 |
The clinic nurse is discussing eye health with an adult. Which nutrients should the nurse encourage the client to consume to protect against cataract development?
A | Minerals |
B | Lecithins |
C | Antioxidants |
D | Amino acids |
Question 4 |
The nurse is counseling the client placed on a DASH diet who has limited food refrigeration capabilities and prefers using canned vegetables. Which nutrient excess should the nurse caution the client about when eating mainly canned, rather than fresh, vegetables?
A | Potassium |
B | Vitamin A |
C | Vitamin C |
D | Sodium |
Question 5 |
The nurse is presenting a nutritional teaching session in a rural community. Which statement should the nurse exclude?
A | “Iron is needed for energy; fish and poultry are significant sources of iron.” |
B | “Fluoride is needed for bone and teeth health; well water is a good source of fluoride.” |
C | “Iodine deficiency can cause mental retardation; seafood is a good source of iodine.” |
D | “Potassium is essential to heart function; bananas are a good source of potassium.” |
Question 6 |
The child recovering from surgery is advanced from a clear liquid to a full liquid diet. The child is requesting something to eat. Which full liquid food item should the nurse offer to the child?
A | Pudding |
B | Chicken noodle soup |
C | Applesauce |
D | Plain gelatin |
Question 7 |
The child is found to be deficient in iron. To increase the child’s absorption of iron, which vitamin should the nurse encourage the parents to supplement?
A | Vitamin A |
B | Vitamin C |
C | Vitamin D |
D | Vitamin E |
Question 8 |
The nurse is caring for the client experiencing dysphagia. Which food item should the nurse remove from the client’s meal tray?
A | Corn |
B | Custard |
C | Pureed meat |
D | Moist pasta |
Question 9 |
The client is scheduled for a breath test for hydrogen excretion. Which statement should the nurse include when the client asks how this will evaluate for lactose intolerance?
A | Undigested lactose causes water in the colon to form oxygen and hydrogen. |
B | Hydrogen is produced by lactose digestion in the small intestine. |
C | Undigested lactose produces hydrogen when metabolized by colon bacteria. |
D | During the digestive process, lactose is broken down into lactic acid and hydrogen. |
Question 10 |
The client is recovering from an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. The nurse evaluates that the client understands the dietary teaching for disease management when the client selects which foods?
A | Fried Cajun chicken, French fries, steamed pea pods, and a glass of fruit juice |
B | Cream of tomato soup, mixed green salad with oil, and a glass of whole milk |
C | Baked fish, steamed green beans, buttered mashed potatoes, and herbal tea |
D | Chili con came, whole wheat bread with butter, and a half glass of red wine |
Question 11 |
The client taking lithium for treatment of a bipolar disorder is concerned that the medication is becoming less effective in controlling symptoms. It is most important for the nurse to question the client’s intake of which nutrient?
A | Salt |
B | Protein |
C | Potassium |
D | Carbohydrates |
Question 12 |
The nurse is caring for the newly hospitalized child whose parents practice the Hindu faith. Which dietary modification should the nurse anticipate based on their faith beliefs?
A | Abstaining from meat on Fridays |
B | Eating only a vegetarian diet |
C | Avoiding pork or pork products |
D | Serving “hot” foods to treat a “cold” illness |
Question 13 |
The nurse educates the client recovering from acute diverticulitis about the need to increase the amount of dietary fiber in the diet. The nurse evaluates that teaching has been effective when the client makes which menu selection for lunch?
A | A chicken sandwich on whole Wheat bread with raw carrots and celery sticks |
B | Baked chicken, mashed potatoes, and herbal tea |
C | Chicken noodle soup with soda crackers and chocolate pudding |
D | Cooked acorn squash, flied chicken, and pasta |
Question 14 |
The nurse is caring for the client with a history of chronic alcoholism. Which observation should prompt the nurse to assess for a magnesium deficiency?
A | Flickerlike movements under the skin |
B | Absent reaction when kneecap is tapped |
C | Falling from having flaccid muscles |
D | Rumbling bowel sounds after eating |
Question 15 |
A dietary aide shows the nurse the snack options for the client on a clear liquid diet. Which selection should the nurse eliminate from the snack choices?
A | Glass of skim milk |
B | Small dish of plain gelatin |
C | Glass of iced tea |
D | Carton of apple juice |
Question 16 |
The nurse teaches the client with iron-deficiency anemia to eat foods high in iron and foods that contain vitamin C at the same meal to increase iron absorption. The nurse evaluates that teaching is effective when the client selects the meal that includes which foods?
A | Yogurt and oranges |
B | Shrimp and potatoes |
C | Lean beefsteak and broccoli |
D | Chicken and leafy green vegetables |
Question 17 |
The nurse is planning a nutrition session during a health fair. Which food choices should the nurse include when teaching about omega-3 fatty acids?
A | Fatty fish at least twice weekly |
B | Leafy green vegetables daily |
C | Low-fat mozzarella cheese weekly |
D | Cholesterol-free margarine once daily |
Question 18 |
The nurse is caring for the malnourished adolescent consuming a vegan diet. The nurse should assess for signs of which vitamin deficiency in the client?
A | 1 . Vitamin A |
B | 2. Vitamin C |
C | 3. Vitamin K |
D | 4. Vitamin B12 |
Question 19 |
The client is told to consume high-protein foods for wound healing. Of the food choices, which should the nurse recommend?
A | 1 hard-boiled egg |
B | 1 cup of cooked broccoli |
C | ½ cup ½ cottage cheese |
D | 1 ounce cheddar cheese |
Question 20 |
The client tells the nurse, “My mother has celiac disease, and I might also have the disease.” The nurse agrees that this may be possible when the client states having diarrhea after eating which food?
A | 1.Eggs |
B | 2. Peanut butter |
C | 3. Whole wheat bread |
D | 4. Dark leafy green vegetables |
Question 21 |
The nurse educates the client about foods that are high in calcium. The nurse evaluates that teaching has been effective when the client selects which foods?
A | 1 cup whole milk, 1 cup spinach, and 3 ounces sardines |
B | 1 cup low-fat yogurt, 1 cup broccoli, and 3 ounces sardines |
C | ½ cup 2 ½ cottage cheese, 1 cup spinach, and 3 ounces frozen tofu |
D | 1 medium baked potato with 1 tbsp fat—free sour cream, 1 cup spinach, and 3 ounces tofu |
Question 22 |
The nurse is planning to administer an intermittent enteral feeding through an NG tube. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
A | Administer the feeding as rapidly as possible. |
B | Position the client supine for 1 hour after completing the feeding |
C | Confirm tube placement after the feeding has been infused. |
D | Elevate the head of the client’s bed to 45 degrees during the feeding. |
Question 23 |
The client is placed on a DASH diet. Which statement made by the client indicates that the client needs additional teaching about the DASH diet?
A | “I can have 4 to 5 servings a week of almonds when on this diet.” |
B | “I should be eating no more than 3 servings of meat or poultry daily.” |
C | “I should be using canola, olive, or peanut oils when cooking foods.” |
D | “My 4 to 5 daily fruit servings can include juice, or fresh or dried fruit.” |
Question 24 |
The nurse is planning a seminar on healthy living for college students. The nurse should educate the students about consuming a minimum of how many grams of fiber per day?
A | 5 to 20 g |
B | 20 to 35 g |
C | 35 to 50 g |
D | 50 to 75 g |
Question 25 |
The 6-year—old with chronic constipation is prescribed a high—fiber diet and increased fluid intake. When teaching the parents, which foods should the nurse identify as having the highest amount of fiber per serving?
A | Whole wheat or rye breads |
B | Raw or cooked vegetables |
C | Fresh, frozen, or dried fruits |
D | Baked beans or black-eyed peas |
Question 26 |
The client’s infusion pump delivering TPN malfunctions, and the nurse determines that, based on the amount of solution left in the TPN bag, the client did not receive any TPN for the last 6 hours. The nurse should monitor the client for which immediate complication?
A | Air embolism |
B | Rebound hypoglycemia |
C | Rebound hyperglycemia |
D | Low serum albumin level |
Question 27 |
The nurse is caring for the client with agoraphobia who has an inadequate milk intake. For which vitamin deficiency should the nurse specifically assess when caring for the client?
A | Vitamin B6 |
B | Vitamin A |
C | Vitamin D |
D | Vitamin C |
Question 28 |
The hospitalized child has lactose intolerance and is placed on a lactose-restricted diet. Which dietary supplement should the nurse anticipate being added to the child’s diet?
A | Protein |
B | Calcium |
C | Vitamin B12 |
D | Beta-carotene |
Question 29 |
The client with early-stage iron-deficiency anemia is on a. high-iron diet. An increase in the level of which specific serum laboratory test should indicate to the nurse that the diet has been effective?
A | Hemoglobin |
B | Folate |
C | Ferritin |
D | Vitamin B12 |
Question 30 |
A mother is concerned about achieving a nutritious intake for her 14-month-old child. Which advice by the nurse would be best?
A | Feed the child before the rest of the family and then let the child play while the family cats. |
B | Because the child’s stomach holds only 'A cup, select food from one food group for each meal. |
C | Offer 1% tablespoons of food from each food group with every meal; offer nutritious snacks. |
D | Avoid retrying foods that the child pushes away because these are foods the child dislikes. |
Question 31 |
The nurse determines that the nutrient intake of the 19-year-old female is inadequate according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture MyPlate food group recommendations. Which finding of the female’s intake prompted this conclusion?
A | 6 ounces of whole grain bread, cereal, or pasta eaten daily. |
B | 3 cups of a variety of fruits, juices, and vegetables eaten daily. |
C | 5 ½ oz of protein daily with seafood eaten four of the seven days |
D | 1 cup of yogurt, ½ cups skim milk, and ½ ounce cheddar cheese daily. |
Question 32 |
The older adult client is asking the nurse about nutritional information. Which response gives good nutrition advice for the older adult?
A | “Maintain an appropriate weight for your height, and include high-nutrient foods.” |
B | “Increase vitamin E intake, and do muscle strengthening exercises 20 minutes daily.” |
C | “Avoid high-fiber and gas-forming foods, and take a multivitamin supplement daily.” |
D | “A vegan diet and drinking at least 2 quarts of water daily are recommended as we age.” |
Question 33 |
The client with a BMI of30 is attending a health promotion program at a clinic. Which outcome is best for the nurse to document in the client’s plan of care?
A | Client will lose 2 lb per week for the next 4 weeks. |
B | Client will gain 2 lb per week for the next 4 weeks. |
C | Teach client to increase intake of fruits and vegetables. |
D | Inform client to call clinic weekly with weight results. |
Question 34 |
The nurse is caring for the client experiencing CRF. Which low-potassium foods (less than 400 mg of potassium per serving) should the nurse plan to include on a list of acceptable foods for the client?
A | Cranberry juice, grapes, flesh string beans, fortified puffed rice cereal |
B | Prune juice, dried fruit, tomatoes, and all-bran cereal |
C | Milk, cantaloupe, peas, and granola cereal |
D | Orange juice, raisins, spinach, and dried beans |
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