Nclex-Rn Practice Questions-Fundamentals Of Nursing Basic Care And Comfort
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Question 1 |
The immobile client is in a hospital bed at home. Which information should the home health nurse include when teaching family caregivers how to safely move and reposition the client?
A | “Before moving the client, raise the bed to waist level. After completing the move, return the bed to the lowest level.” |
B | “The pillow should be removed from under the client’s head when positioning in a dorsal recumbent position.” |
C | “Tighten your abdominal muscles and keep your feet together; use a lift sheet and pull the client up in bed.” |
D | “When the client is lying on the back, rest the client’s heels on the bed and keep the feet perpendicular to the legs.” |
Question 2 |
The nurse learns at shift report that the immobile client has bilateral foot drop. Which finding during the nurse’s assessment supports the presence of foot drop?
A | The client’s great toe is dorsiflexed, and the other toes are fanned out. |
B | The client’s feet are unable to be maintained perpendicular to the legs. |
C | The client is unable to move the feet into a position of plantar flexion. |
D | The client is only able to dorsiflex both feet when asked to bend the feet. |
Question 3 |
The nurse is giving report to the NA on the care of four clients. The nurse should inform the NA to avoid taking a rectal temperature for which client?
A | Adult who underwent ileoslomy surgery because of a perforated bowel |
B | Adult who has a productive cough and is receiving oxygen by nasal cannula |
C | Adult who develops thrombocytopenia after receiving chemotherapy treatments |
D | Adult who has hypothermia after being outside in a below-zero temperature |
Question 4 |
The client with intermittent abdominal pain recently had a barium enema. The client calls the nurse to report passage of a soft-formed, pale-colored stool. What is the nurse’s best response?
A | “This is an expected finding after administration of barium.” |
B | “Describe any abdominal pain you had when passing the stool.” |
C | “What foods or fluids did you eat after you completed the test?” |
D | “You need to increase the amount of water you are drinking.” |
Question 5 |
The nurse applies a warm, moist compress to the site where an IV solution has infiltrated. Which response is correct when the client asks the purpose of the compress?
A | “The application of moist heat will alter tissue sensitivity by producing numbness.” |
B | “The application of moist heat will decrease the metabolic needs of the involved tissues.” |
C | “The application of moist heat will stop the local release of histamine in the tissues.” |
D | “The application of moist heat will increase blood flow and accelerate tissue healing.” |
Question 6 |
The nurse is taking the client’s temperature. What should the nurse do to correctly obtain the temperature with a tympanic thermometer?
A | Ensure that the probe tip seals the ear canal prior to taking a temperature. |
B | Irrigate the ear canal with sterile saline before obtaining the temperature. |
C | When inserting the thermometer in the adult ear, pull downward on the pinna. |
D | Check to be sure that the client does not have any tympanostomy tubes in place. |
Question 7 |
The nurse is inserting a urinary catheter in the client with urinary retention. During balloon inflation, the client reports pain. What is the nurse’s best action?
A | Withdraw the sterile water from the balloon and advance the catheter further. |
B | Continue inflating the balloon as this finding is expected during catheter insertion. |
C | Remove the catheter and reattempt insertion with a smaller urinary catheter. |
D | Reposition the catheter by rotating it slightly and continue to inflate the balloon. |
Question 8 |
The nurse is caring for the newly admitted male client who is unconscious. The UAP asks if the client should be shaved. What is the nurse’s best response?
A | “I need to find out the client’s preferences first.” |
B | “Shave him only after you have bathed him.” |
C | “Use the electric razor when you shave him.” |
D | “Avoid shaving him. I need a doctor’s order.” |
Question 9 |
The nurse is observing the nursing student caring for the client with an artificial eye. What action by the student nurse would require intervention?
A | Positioning the client lying down to remove the prosthetic eye |
B | Drying the prosthetic eye with gauze before reinsertion |
C | Cleansing the prosthetic eye with normal saline solution |
D | Telling the client to remove the prosthetic eye weekly for cleaning |
Question 10 |
The nurse is observing the UAP providing oral hygiene to the client Which action by the UAP requires follow-up?
A | Replacing the upper denture before the lower denture. |
B | Placing the unconscious client in a supine position. |
C | Brushing the tongue with a soft-bristled toothbrush. |
D | Donning clean gloves prior to performing oral hygiene. |
Question 11 |
The client has dentures, including both upper and lower plates. Which technique should the nurse use to correctly perform oral hygiene for this client?
A | Wear sterile gloves to remove the lower plate first and then the upper plate. |
B | Use a foam swab to pry the upper and lower plates loose before removing these. |
C | Grasp the upper plate at the front teeth with a piece of gauze and move it prior to removal. |
D | Leave the dentures in the client’s mouth and use a toothbrush to brush both denture plates. |
Question 12 |
The client who is Jewish is to receive a kosher meal. Which direction by the nurse to the NA is appropriate?
A | “Avoid eye contact when delivering the meal tray.” |
B | “Do not remove the wrapping from the plastic utensils.” |
C | “Have the client sit for the meal facing toward Mecca.” |
D | “Check that the meal contains both milk and kosher meat.” |
Question 13 |
The client was treated for constipation 1 month earlier. On a return clinic visit, which statement would best assist the nurse to evaluate that the client is no longer constipated?
A | “I drink 2000 milliliters of fluids daily, including drinking 4 ounces of prune juice.” |
B | “I have had a soft-formed stool without straining every other day for the past 2 weeks.” |
C | “I needed to give myself only one disposable enema since my appointment last month.” |
D | “I have a lot of discomfort from hemorrhoids during my daily bowel movements.” |
Question 14 |
The client is receiving 2 liters of oxygen by nasal cannula. Which rationale should the nurse use to explain the reason for oxygen being bubbled through a humidifier?
A | Prevents the burning sensation of direct oxygen |
B | Prevents the drying of the nasal passages |
C | Prevents a chemical reaction between the tubing and oxygen |
D | Prevents contamination with environmental gases |
Question 15 |
The experienced nurse and the new nurse are preparing to provide phototherapy to the 4-day-old infant with hypcrbilirubincmia. Which information should the experienced nurse include when instructing the new nurse about providing phototherapy for the infant?
A | Keep the infant fully clothed to prevent chilling and hypothermia. |
B | Cover the infant’s eyes with eye shields to prevent retinal damage. |
C | Limit the number of feedings to reduce the number of soiled diapers |
D | Discontinue the phototherapy if the infant develops a mild skin rash. |
Question 16 |
The client began wearing hearing aids 5 weeks earlier. Which statement to the nurse demonstrates that the client is successfully adapting to the hearing aids?
A | “I need to wear the hearing aids only when I go out in public.” |
B | “I clean my ears with a cotton-tipped swab before I insert them.” |
C | “I place the hearing aids in the protective box to store them at night.” |
D | “I soak the plastic parts of the hearing aids in mild soap and water weekly.” |
Question 17 |
The client reports pain in the right leg even though it was amputated. Which complementary therapy should the nurse use to control the phantom pain associated with the client’s amputation?
A | A small dose of alprazolam at 8-hour intervals in addition to prescribed oxycodone and acetaminophen q6h pm |
B | A high-fiber diet and 2000 mL fluid intake in 24 hours while taking hydromorphone at 4- to 6-hour intervals pm |
C | Progressive relaxation exercises three times daily in addition to use of a transdermal patch of fentanyl |
D | A local anesthetic as a nerve block in addition to prescribed long-acting oxycodone |
Question 18 |
The NA tells the nurse that the unit’s small- adult BP cuff cannot be found and that the client’s arm is too small to use a regular adult-sized cuff. Which direction should the nurse give to the NA?
A | Document the other vital signs and note that the proper-fitting BP cuff is not available. |
B | Go to another nursing unit to obtain their small- adult BP cuff, and take the client’s BP. |
C | Use the regular-sized BP cuff and add 10 to the diastolic and systolic BP readings. |
D | If the cuff closes around the arm, take the client’s BP using the regular adult cuff. |
Question 19 |
The hospitalized client is at risk for thromboembolism. Which direction should the nurse include when teaching this client about wearing antiembolism hose stockings?
A | “Wearing the hose is unnecessary if ambulating 10 times daily for 5 minutes at a time.” |
B | “When at home, apply the stockings in the morning before you stand to get out of bed.” |
C | “The hose can cause pain to underlying skin; request pain medication to help alleviate this.” |
D | “Cross your legs only while wearing these stockings; otherwise keep the legs uncrossed.” |
Question 20 |
The nurse is caring for the 11-month-old infant with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The infant has 30% supplemental oxygen provided via a tracheostomy. Which action should the nurse take when the infant has a decline in oxygen saturation from 96% to 87% and appears anxious and restless?
A | Obtain arterial blood gases (ABGs) |
B | Increase oxygen rate from 30% to 50% |
C | Suction the tracheostomy tube |
D | Medicate for anxiety and pain |
Question 21 |
The client is in skeletal traction with 20 lb of traction applied to a right lower leg fracture. Which intervention should the nurse perform at regular intervals?
A | Perform pin site care |
B | Remove the weights |
C | Reposition the right leg |
D | Perform passive ROM to the legs |
Question 22 |
The client is undergoing a 24-hour urine specimen collection. Twenty hours into the collection period, a single voided urine is accidentally discarded. What is the nurse’s best action?
A | Resume the urine collection and collect one additional voided specimen. |
B | Discard the urine collected and begin a new urine collection immediately. |
C | Complete the urine collection and send all mine collected to the laboratory. |
D | Dispose of the urine collected and reschedule the test to begin the next morning. |
Question 23 |
The dietitian prescribes a 24-hour calorie count for the malnourished hospitalized client. Which action should be taken by the nurse?
A | Ask the client to recall at the end of the day the food and beverages consumed. |
B | Inform the client how to count the calories in the food and beverages consumed. |
C | Inform the client that a record will be maintained of food and beverages consumed. |
D | Ask the client to identify the food groups and foods that are being consumed in each. |
Question 24 |
The client uses a walker to ambulate with partial weight-bearing after foot surgery. What should the nurse observe when this client is using the walker correctly?
A | Has elbows bent at a 30-degree angle |
B | Is bent over the front bar of the walker |
C | While walking, lifts the walker 2 inches |
D | Has a walker that has four wheels in place |
Question 25 |
Before ambulating the client for the first time, the nurse obtains the client’s BP with an automatic BP machine. Which actions should the nurse take first when obtaining a BP reading of 86/56 mm Hg and pulse rate of 64 bpm?
A | Assess the client for dizziness and feel the temperature of extremities |
B | Obtain a manual BP cuff and machine and retake the client’s BP |
C | Elevate the head of the client’s bed and assist the client out of bed |
D | Review the medical record and determine the client’s normal BP range |
Question 26 |
The nurse is assessing the client who was just admitted to a surgical unit following abdominal surgery. Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention by the nurse?
A | Nasogastric tube to low intermittent suction has small amounts of dark bloody returns. |
B | Oxygen saturation level is 92%, and oxygen by nasal cannula is set at 2 liters. |
C | The incisional dressing has a 25-cent—piece-sized shadow of new drainage. |
D | The Jackson-Pratt drain is round in shape with 30 mL serosanguineous drainage. |
Question 27 |
The client voided 300 mL after having an indwelling urinary catheter removed six hours ago. A bladder scan immediately after the void showed that the client has a postvoid residual (PVR) volume of 250 mL. What should the nurse conclude from this finding?
A | This is an expected finding following catheter removal. |
B | The client’s bladder function is approximately 50% of normal. |
C | The bladder scan was not done within 20 minutes of voiding. |
D | The PVR volume is evidence of incomplete bladder emptying. |
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