Nclex-Rn Practice Questions-Care Of The Child - Respiratory Disorders Part 2
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Question 1 |
While examining a child with acute epiglottitis, a nurse should have which item available?
A | Cool mist tent |
B | Intubation equipment |
C | Tongue blades |
D | Viral culture medium |
Question 2 |
Infants with neonatal chronic lung disease (bronchopulmonary dysplasia) require frequent, prolonged rest periods. Which sign indicates overstimulation?
A | Increased alertness |
B | Good eye contact |
C | Cyanosis |
D | Lethargy |
Question 3 |
The nursing care plan for an infant with neonatal chronic lung disease (bronchopulmonary dysplasia) includes the nursing diagnosis of impaired gas exchange. Which nursing action would be most appropriate for a nurse to include?
A | Provide chest physiotherapy. |
B | Provide enteral feedings. |
C | Provide appropriate age-related activities. |
D | Promote bonding between parent and child. |
Question 4 |
Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for helping parents to cope with a child newly diagnosed with neonatal chronic lung disease (bronchopulmonary dysplasia)?
A | Teach cardiopulmonary resuscitation. |
B | Refer them to support groups. |
C | Help parents identify necessary lifestyle changes. |
D | Evaluate and assess parents’ stress and anxiety levels. |
Question 5 |
The nurse is planning care for a child admitted to the pediatric unit with neonatal chronic lung disease (bronchopulmonary dysplasia). Which symptom is the nurse most likely to assess?
A | Minimal work of breathing |
B | Tachypnea and dyspnea |
C | Easily consolable |
D | Hypotension |
Question 6 |
Which nursing intervention is most appropriate when caring for an infant with neonatal chronic lung disease (bronchopulmonary dysplasia)?
A | Provide frequent playful stimuli. |
B | Decrease oxygen during feedings. |
C | Place the infant on a set schedule. |
D | Place the infant in an open crib. |
Question 7 |
Which nursing diagnosis is the priority for an infant with neonatal chronic lung disease (bronchopulmonary dysplasia)?
A | Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements |
B | Effective breastfeeding |
C | Impaired gas exchange |
D | Risk for imbalanced fluid volume |
Question 8 |
The nurse is using an otoscope to assess a child suspected of acute otitis media. Which assessment finding would be indicative of this condition?
A | Pearl gray tympanic membrane |
B | Bright red, bulging tympanic membrane |
C | Dull gray membrane with fluid behind the eardrum |
D | Bright red or yellow, bulging or retracted, tympanic membrane |
Question 9 |
Children with chronic otitis media commonly require surgery for a myringotomy and ear tube placement. Which management strategy explains the purpose of the ear tubes?
A | To administer antibiotics |
B | To flush the middle ear |
C | To increase pressure |
D | To drain fluid |
Question 10 |
Which statement by the parent of a child with otitis media indicates an understanding of a nurse’s discharge instruction on the use of antibiotics?
A | “I will give my child the full course of antibiotics.” |
B | “I will stop the antibiotics when my child no longer has ear pain.” |
C | “I will give the antibiotics whenever my child has ear pain.” |
D | “I will put antibiotics in the affected ear.” |
Question 11 |
A child is diagnosed with right chronic otitis media. After the child returns from surgery for myringotomy and placement of ear tubes, which intervention is appropriate?
A | Apply gauze dressings. |
B | Position the child on the left side. |
C | Position the child on the right side. |
D | Apply warm compresses to both ears. |
Question 12 |
To reduce the risk of an infant developing otitis media, a nurse should instruct the parents to:
A | treat all cold symptoms with antibiotics. |
B | place the infant in an upright position when feeding from a bottle. |
C | avoid washing the ears to keep them dry. |
D | swab the outer ear with a cotton-tipped swab. |
Question 13 |
The nurse is aware that which complication is most commonly related to acute otitis media?
A | Eardrum perforation |
B | Hearing loss |
C | Meningitis |
D | Tympanosclerosis |
Question 14 |
Using which part of the hands is appropriate when performing chest compressions on a child between ages 1 and 8?
A | Heels of both hands |
B | Heel of one hand |
C | Index and middle fingers |
D | Thumbs of both hands |
Question 15 |
Chlorothiazide is ordered for a 1-year-old client with neonatal chronic lung disease (bronchopulmonary dysplasia). The dosage ordered is 30 mg/kg/day. The client weighs 10 kg. How much is given per dose when administered two times per day?
A | 60 mg/dose |
B | 75 mg/dose |
C | 150 mg/dose |
D | 300 mg/dose |
Question 16 |
A nurse is teaching the parents of a 1-year-old infant with otitis media. Which statement regarding predisposing factors for otitis media would be the most accurate for the nurse to make?
A | The cartilage lining is overdeveloped. |
B | When infants sit up, it favors the pooling of fluid. |
C | Humoral defense mechanisms decrease the risk of infection. |
D | Eustachian tubes are short, wide, and straight and lie in a horizontal plane |
Question 17 |
A 2-year-old child is brought to the emergency department in respiratory distress. The child is drooling, sitting upright, and leaning forward with chin thrust out, mouth open, and tongue protruding. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate?
A | Check the child’s gag reflex with a tongue blade. |
B | Allow the child to cry to keep the lungs expanded. |
C | Check the airway for a foreign body obstruction. |
D | Support the child in an upright position on the parent’s lap. |
Question 18 |
A 2-year-old child is diagnosed with epiglottitis. Ceftriaxone is administered. In addition, vancomycin 50 mg/kg/day in three divided doses is ordered. The client weighs 12 kg. How much vancomycin is given per dose?
A | 50 mg |
B | 100 mg |
C | 200 mg |
D | 300 mg |
Question 19 |
A 3-year-old child is brought to the emergency department not breathing, cyanotic, and lethargic. The mother states that she thinks he swallowed a penny. Which intervention should the nurse take first?
A | Give 100% oxygen. |
B | Administer five back blows. |
C | Attempt a blind finger sweep. |
D | Administer abdominal thrusts. |
Question 20 |
A 3-year-old child is receiving vancomycin for acute epiglottitis. Which of the following assessments would lead the nurse to suspect an adverse effect to vancomycin?
A | Constipation |
B | Erythematous rash on the face and upper body |
C | Increased appetite |
D | Increased blood pressure |
Question 21 |
What is the best position for a nurse to place a 3-year-old child with right lower lobe pneumonia?
A | On the right side |
B | On the left side |
C | Supine |
D | Prone |
Question 22 |
Which sign in a 3-year-old child with acute epiglottitis indicates to the nurse that the client’s respiratory distress is increasing?
A | Progressive barking cough |
B | Increasing irritability |
C | Increasing heart rate |
D | Productive cough |
Question 23 |
A 3-year-old child is given a preliminary diagnosis of acute epiglottitis. Which nursing intervention is appropriate?
A | Obtain a throat culture immediately. |
B | Place the child in a side-lying position. |
C | Don’t attempt to visualize the epiglottis. |
D | Use a tongue blade to look inside the throat. |
Question 24 |
Which statement by the parent of a 4-year-old boy who just had a tonsillectomy indicates that a nurse’s discharge instruction has been successful?
A | “I will keep him flat on his back in bed.” |
B | “I will sit him in bed at a 45-degree angle.” |
C | “I will place him on his stomach with his head to the side.” |
D | “I will place him on his back with his head on a pillow.” |
Question 25 |
An infant is brought to the clinic for her 6-month vaccines. The nurse tells the mother that administration of which vaccine is an appropriate step for prevention of epiglottitis?
A | Diphtheria vaccine |
B | Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) vaccine |
C | Measles vaccine |
D | Inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) |
Question 26 |
A 7-month-old child is diagnosed with otitis media; the physician orders amoxicillin 80 mg/kg/day to be administered twice per day. The child weighs 9 kg. How much amoxicillin should the child receive per dose?
A | 120 mg |
B | 180 mg |
C | 200 mg |
D | 360 mg |
Question 27 |
A nurse is discharging a 10-month-old client with a prescription for eardrops. The nurse instructs the parents on the correct administration of the eardrops. It is most important to teach the parents to do which of the following?
A | Pull the earlobe upward. |
B | Pull the earlobe up and back. |
C | Pull the earlobe down and back. |
D | Pull the earlobe down and forward. |
Question 28 |
A 10-month-old child is found choking and soon becomes unconscious. Which intervention should a nurse attempt first after opening the airway?
A | Look inside the child’s mouth for a foreign object. |
B | Give five back blows and five chest thrusts. |
C | Attempt a blind finger sweep. |
D | Attempt rescue breathing. |
Question 29 |
Which neonate is at high risk for developing neonatal chronic lung disease (bronchopulmonary dysplasia)?
A | A neonate born at 38 weeks’ gestation receiving 1 to 4 L oxygen during feedings |
B | A premature neonate born at 36 weeks’ gestation receiving supplemental oxygen |
C | A premature neonate born at 28 weeks’ gestation on a high-pressure ventilator |
D | A neonate born at 42 weeks’ gestation who requires treatments for respiratory syncytial virus |
Question 30 |
The arterial blood gas analysis of a child with asthma shows a pH of 7.30, PCO2 of 56 mm Hg, and HCO3− of 25 mEq/L. The nurse determines that the child has which condition?
A | Metabolic acidosis |
B | Metabolic alkalosis |
C | Respiratory acidosis |
D | Respiratory alkalosis |
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