Nclex-Rn Practice Questions-Care Of The Child - Cardiovascular Disorders Part 3
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Question 1 |
The nurse is aware that amiodarone (Cordarone) is used to treat which of the following?
A | Atrial dysrhythmias |
B | Ventricular dysrhythmias |
C | Both atrial and ventricular dysrhythmias |
D | Heart failure |
Question 2 |
Which condition may lead to sinus arrest or sinus pause in a child?
A | Hypokalemia |
B | Hyperthermia |
C | Valsalva’s maneuver |
D | Decreased intracranial pressure |
Question 3 |
Atropine is being administered to a child with sinus bradycardia. Which statement is the most accurate about the administration of this medication?
A | It increases heart rate. |
B | It raises blood pressure. |
C | It dilates bronchial tubes. |
D | It decreases heart rate. |
Question 4 |
In which condition or group is sinus bradycardia a normal finding?
A | Hypoxia |
B | Hypothermia |
C | Growth-delayed adolescent |
D | Physically conditioned adolescent |
Question 5 |
A nurse is teaching the parents of a child who was diagnosed with sinus bradycardia. Which statement about the condition is the most correct?
A | “It is a heart rate less than normal for age.” |
B | “It is a heart rate greater than normal for age.” |
C | “It is a variation of the normal cardiac rhythm.” |
D | “It is an increase in sinus node impulse formation.” |
Question 6 |
Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for a child with rheumatic fever?
A | Imbalanced nutrition: More than body requirements |
B | Risk for injury |
C | Delayed growth and development |
D | Impaired gas exchange |
Question 7 |
Criteria for rheumatic fever are being discussed with parents. A nurse determines that the parents understand chorea when they make which statement?
A | “My child may not be able to walk.” |
B | “Long movies may help for relaxation.” |
C | “My child might have difficulty in school.” |
D | “Many activities and visitors are recommended.” |
Question 8 |
A nurse is caring for a child with acute rheumatic fever. Which symptom would indicate Sydenham’s chorea?
A | Cardiomegaly |
B | Regurgitant murmur |
C | Pericardial friction rubs |
D | Involuntary muscle movements |
Question 9 |
Which diagnostic criterion is considered a major Jones criterion for acute rheumatic fever?
A | Carditis |
B | Prolonged PR interval |
C | Low-grade fever |
D | Previous heart disease |
Question 10 |
A nurse is teaching the parents of a child with acute rheumatic fever about the disorder. Which statement would be the most accurate concerning this condition?
A | It is a progressive inflammation of the small vessels of the body. |
B | It is a mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome. |
C | It is a serious infection of the endocardial surface of the heart. |
D | It is a sequela of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infections. |
Question 11 |
Which of the following are required to establish a diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever?
A | Laboratory tests |
B | Fever and four Jones criteria |
C | Positive blood cultures for Staphylococcus organisms |
D | Use of Jones criteria and presence of a streptococcal infection |
Question 12 |
A nurse is giving discharge instructions to the parents of a child with Kawasaki disease. Which statement by the parents shows an understanding of the treatment plan?
A | “A regular diet can be resumed at home.” |
B | “Black, tarry stools are considered normal.” |
C | “My child should use a soft-bristled toothbrush.” |
D | “My child can return to playing soccer next week.” |
Question 13 |
Which statement by the nurse about bacterial or infective endocarditis is most accurate?
A | “Bacteria invade only the tissues of the heart.” |
B | “It is an infection of the valves and inner lining of the heart.” |
C | “It is an inappropriate fusion of the endocardial cushions during fetal life.” |
D | “It is caused by alterations in cardiac preload, afterload, or contractility.” |
Question 14 |
A child is hospitalized with bacterial endocarditis. Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate?
A | Constipation |
B | Excess fluid volume |
C | Deficient diversional activity |
D | Imbalanced nutrition: More than body requirements |
Question 15 |
What is the most common adverse reaction a nurse might observe after administering enteric-coated erythromycin (Ery-tab)?
A | Weight gain |
B | Constipation |
C | Increased appetite |
D | Nausea and vomiting |
Question 16 |
The nurse determines that a child with Kawasaki disease has entered the subacute phase when the assessment includes which of the following?
A | Polymorphous rash |
B | Normal blood values |
C | Cervical lymphadenopathy |
D | Desquamation of the hands and feet |
Question 17 |
A nurse is caring for a child with Kawasaki disease. Which symptom should concern the nurse the most?
A | Mild diarrhea |
B | Pain in the joints |
C | Abdominal pain with vomiting |
D | Increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) |
Question 18 |
A nurse is teaching the parents of a child with Kawasaki disease. Which statement should the nurse include in her teaching about this disorder?
A | “It mostly occurs in the summer and fall.” |
B | “Diagnosis can be made with laboratory testing.” |
C | “It’s an acute systemic vasculitis of unknown cause.” |
D | “It manifests in two different stages: acute and subacute.” |
Question 19 |
A nurse is preparing a child for discharge after being diagnosed with rheumatic fever without carditis. What instructions should the nurse give the parents?
A | “Give aspirin for signs of chorea.” |
B | “Give penicillin for 1 month total.” |
C | “Only give penicillin for dental work.” |
D | “It isn’t necessary to give penicillin before dental procedures.” |
Question 20 |
Which finding would the nurse anticipate in a 1-year-old child with supraventricular tachycardia?
A | Heart rate of 100 beats/minute |
B | Heart rate of 180 beats/minute |
C | Heart rate of less than 80 beats/minute |
D | Heart rate of more than 240 beats/minute |
Question 21 |
A nurse is preparing the family of a client with Kawasaki disease for discharge. What is the most appropriate information for the nurse to include?
A | Stop the aspirin when you return home. |
B | Immunizations can be given in 2 weeks. |
C | The child may return to school in 1 week. |
D | Frequent echocardiography will be needed. |
Question 22 |
Treatment for a child with symptomatic bradycardia includes atropine 0.02 mg/kg/dose. If the child weighs 20 kg, how much is given per dose?
A | 0.02 mg |
B | 0.04 mg |
C | 0.2 mg |
D | 0.4 mg |
Question 23 |
A 3-year-old child has a positive culture for a Streptococcus organism. The most important discharge instruction for the nurse to give the parents would be?
A | Administer aspirin as needed for the fever. |
B | Administer antibiotics until the fever goes away. |
C | Administer antibiotics for the prescribed amount of time. |
D | Encourage the child to drink while he is awake. |
Question 24 |
Which factor may lead to bacterial endocarditis in a child with underlying heart disease?
A | History of a cold for 3 days |
B | Dental work pretreated with antibiotics |
C | Peripheral I.V. catheter in place for 1 day |
D | Indwelling urinary catheter for 2 days leading to a urinary tract infection |
Question 25 |
The nurse is caring for 3-year-old client who has a high red blood cell count and polycythemia. The most important intervention for the nurse to include in the plan of care would be?
A | Encouragement of fluid intake |
B | Administration of analgesics |
C | Sodium-restricted diet |
D | Use of a soft toothbrush |
Question 26 |
A child is given 0.5 mg/kg/day of prednisone divided into two doses. The child weighs 10 kg. How much is given in each dose?
A | 2.5 mg |
B | 5 mg |
C | 10 mg |
D | 1.5 mg |
Question 27 |
Erythromycin (E-Mycin) is given to a 6-year-old child before dental work to prevent endocarditis. The child weighs 44 lb. The order is for 20 mg/kg by mouth 2 hours before the procedure. The bottle comes concentrated as 400 mg/5 ml. How many milliliters should the child receive?
A | 2.5 ml |
B | 5 ml |
C | 5.5 ml |
D | 10 ml |
Question 28 |
A child is receiving 8 g of I.V. gamma globulin for treatment of Kawasaki disease. The child weighs 20 kg. The order is for 8 g of gamma globulin over 12 hours. The concentration is 8 g in 300 ml of normal saline. How many milliliters per hour will this child receive?
A | 12 ml/hour |
B | 25 ml/hour |
C | 50 ml/hour |
D | 40 ml/hour |
Question 29 |
A nurse has administered atropine to an 11-month-old infant for the treatment of sinus bradycardia. The nurse would be most concerned if the infant displayed which adverse reaction?
A | Lethargy |
B | Diarrhea |
C | No tears when crying |
D | Increased urine output |
Question 30 |
A child is prescribed aspirin as part of the therapy for Kawasaki disease. The order is for 80 mg/kg/day orally in four divided doses until the child is afebrile. The child weighs 15 kg. How much is given in one dose?
A | 60 mg |
B | 300 mg |
C | 320 mg |
D | 1,200 mg |
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