Nclex-Rn Practice Questions-Care Of The Adult - Neurosensory Disorders Part 1
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Question 1 |
A nurse is caring for a client with homonymous hemianopia. The most important information for the nurse to teach the client is:
A | scan the environment on the affected side. |
B | use memory aids such as pictures. |
C | plan for adequate rest. |
D | make simple, nonrisky decisions. |
Question 2 |
The nurse is preparing to administer vasopressin to a client who has undergone a hypophysectomy. What is the purpose of the medication?
A | To treat growth failure |
B | To prevent syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) |
C | To reduce cerebral edema and lower intracranial pressure |
D | To replace antidiuretic hormone (ADH) normally secreted from the pituitary |
Question 3 |
A client who has undergone a lumbar laminectomy is experiencing frequent voiding of small amounts of urine. The nurse suspects the client may have developed which condition?
A | Diabetes insipidus |
B | Diabetic ketoacidosis |
C | Urine retention |
D | Urinary tract infection (UTI) |
Question 4 |
A nurse is preparing a client with suspected lumbar herniated nucleus pulposus for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The most important action by the nurse would be?
A | Question the client about allergy to iodine. |
B | Mark distal pulses on the foot in indelible ink. |
C | Teach the client relaxation techniques. |
D | Tell the client he may be asked to cough or pant to clear the dye. |
Question 5 |
A client is scheduled for chemonucleolysis with chymopapain to relieve the pain of a herniated disk. Which factor should be assessed before the procedure?
A | Allergy to meat tenderizers |
B | Allergy to shellfish |
C | Ability to lie flat during the procedure |
D | Ability to perform full range of motion (ROM) on the affected side |
Question 6 |
A client is newly diagnosed with myasthenia gravis. The nurse is teaching the client about the cause of this disease. The nurse determines that teaching has been effective when the client states:
A | a postviral illness characterized by ascending paralysis. |
B | loss of the myelin sheath surrounding peripheral nerves. |
C | inability of basal ganglia to produce sufficient dopamine. |
D | destruction of acetylcholine receptors causing muscle weakness. |
Question 7 |
The nurse is concerned that a client recovering from a brain injury may be developing foot drop and contractures. What is the best intervention for the nurse to implement?
A | High-topped sneakers or other type of foot-up ankle support |
B | Low-dose heparin therapy |
C | Physical therapy consultation |
D | Sequential compression device |
Question 8 |
The nurse is aware that a client who had a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy should be observed carefully for hemorrhage. The nurse is most concerned when the client displays:
A | bloody drainage from the ears. |
B | frequent swallowing. |
C | guaiac-positive stools. |
D | hematuria. |
Question 9 |
In caring for a client after cataract surgery, the nurse should notify a physician if the client has which of the following conditions?
A | Blurred vision |
B | Eye pain |
C | Glare |
D | Itching |
Question 10 |
A client who has recently experienced a thromboembolic stroke is now stable and will begin warfarin. The client asks the nurse why the treatment was ordered. The best response by the nurse would be?
A | It is the standard of care for preventing all types of recurrent ischemic stroke. |
B | It is more effective than antithrombotic therapy in the presence of a thrombus. |
C | It is cheap and readily available, with few side effects. |
D | The stroke was due to atrial fibrillation. |
Question 11 |
The nurse is caring for a client experiencing a stroke in evolution. What is the priority nursing intervention?
A | Thicken all dietary liquids. |
B | Restrict dietary and parenteral fluids. |
C | Place the client on oxygen. |
D | Have tracheal suction available at all times. |
Question 12 |
The nurse has been caring for a client who experienced a stroke and is now asking for food. What is the most important assessment for the nurse to observe before feeding the client?
A | The gag reflex has returned to normal. |
B | Speech has returned to normal. |
C | Cranial nerves III, IV, and VI are intact. |
D | The client swallows water without coughing. |
Question 13 |
The nurse is caring for a client who had a stroke and now has residual dysphagia. What is the most appropriate diet for this client?
A | Clear liquid |
B | Full liquid |
C | Mechanical soft |
D | Thickened liquid |
Question 14 |
A client has experienced a brain stem infarction. It is most important for the nurse to assess the client for:
A | aphasia. |
B | bradypnea. |
C | contralateral hemiplegia. |
D | numbness and tingling to the face or arm. |
Question 15 |
Stool softeners would be given to a client prior to repair of a cerebral aneurysm for which reason?
A | To stimulate the bowel due to loss of nerve innervation |
B | To prevent straining, which increases intracranial pressure (ICP) |
C | To prevent reflex bradycardia from the Valsalva maneuver |
D | To prevent constipation when osmotic diuretics are used |
Question 16 |
A client with a subdural hematoma becomes restless and confused, with dilation of the ipsilateral pupil. The physician orders mannitol for which reason?
A | To reduce intraocular pressure |
B | To prevent acute tubular necrosis |
C | To promote osmotic diuresis to decrease intracranial pressure (ICP) |
D | To draw water into the vascular system to increase blood pressure |
Question 17 |
A client is admitted to the hospital with a subarachnoid hemorrhage and is now experiencing severe headache, nuchal rigidity, and projectile vomiting. The nurse is aware that a lumbar puncture (LP) would be contraindicated if:
A | vomiting continues. |
B | intracranial pressure (ICP) is increased. |
C | the client needs mechanical ventilation. |
D | blood is anticipated in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). |
Question 18 |
A client is admitted to the unit with a thromboembolic stroke. Which medication does the nurse anticipate will be started by day 2?
A | Acetaminophen |
B | Aspirin |
C | Alteplase (t-PA) |
D | Methylprednisolone |
Question 19 |
The nurse is evaluating an arterial blood gas result from a client with a subdural hematoma and notes the PaCO2 is 30 mm Hg. How does the nurse interpret this result?
A | Potentially appropriate, as modest lowering of carbon dioxide (CO2) may reduce intracranial pressure (ICP) |
B | Emergent; the client requires aggressive hyperventilation and is poorly oxygenated |
C | No response; this is a normal PaCO2 value |
D | Significant; the client has alveolar hypoventilation |
Question 20 |
The nurse assesses clear fluid draining from the nose of a client who experienced head trauma 3 hours ago. The nurse suspects this finding may indicate:
A | basilar skull fracture. |
B | cerebral concussion. |
C | cerebral palsy. |
D | sinus infection. |
Question 21 |
When assessing a client with a spinal injury at C6, the nurse would expect the highest level of functioning to include which of the following?
A | Significant loss of function at the biceps and shoulders |
B | Potential loss of function at the shoulders and biceps and complete loss of function at the wrists and hands |
C | Limited wrist control and complete loss of hand function |
D | Lack of dexterity in the hands and fingers but allows for limited use of arms |
Question 22 |
A client with a subdural hematoma was given mannitol to decrease intracranial pressure (ICP). The nurse assesses the client and determines that the mannitol was effective when:
A | urine output increases. |
B | pupils are 8 mm and nonreactive. |
C | systolic blood pressure remains at 150 mm Hg. |
D | blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels return to normal. |
Question 23 |
When prioritizing care, which client should the nurse assess first?
A | A 17-year-old client 24 hours postappendectomy |
B | A 33-year-old client with a recent diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome |
C | A 50-year-old client 3 days postmyocardial infarction |
D | A 50-year-old client with diverticulitis |
Question 24 |
A 19-year-old client with a mild concussion is discharged from the emergency department. Before discharge, he complains of a headache. When offered acetaminophen, his mother tells the nurse she would like her son to have something stronger. The most appropriate response by the nurse is:
A | “Your son had a mild concussion; acetaminophen is strong enough.” |
B | “Aspirin is avoided because of the danger of Reye’s syndrome in children or young adults.” |
C | “Opioids are avoided after a head injury because they may hide a worsening condition.” |
D | “Stronger medications may lead to vomiting, which increases the intracranial pressure (ICP).” |
Question 25 |
A client’s intracranial pressure (ICP) is fluctuating between 20 and 25 mm Hg. Which of the following nursing interventions is the most appropriate?
A | Ensure that the mean arterial pressure (MAP) is less than 90 mm Hg. |
B | Lower the head of the bed to less than 15 degrees. |
C | Encourage visitation. |
D | Reassess the client’s ABCs (airway, breathing, and circulation). |
Question 26 |
A nurse is planning care for a 33-year-old client who has just undergone a L4–L5 laminectomy. What is the most important intervention for the nurse to include?
A | Encourage the client to be out of bed the first postoperative day. |
B | Maximize bracing while in bed. |
C | Limit movement in bed and reposition only when necessary. |
D | Use a soft mattress. |
Question 27 |
A 40-year-old client asks the nurse what may increase the risk for the development of cataracts. The best response by the nurse is:
A | history of frequent streptococcal throat infections. |
B | maternal exposure to rubella during pregnancy. |
C | increased intraocular pressure. |
D | prolonged use of steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. |
Question 28 |
A 65-year-old client with a stroke in evolution has been ordered alteplase (t-PA). The order is for 0.9 mg/kg over 1 hour. The client weighs 110 lb. What is the total dose in milligrams (mg) the client will receive?
A | 35 mg |
B | 40 mg |
C | 45 mg |
D | 50 mg |
Question 29 |
While assessing a 77-year-old client who had a thromboembolic right stroke, the nurse notes the left arm is swollen. The nurse suspects this finding may indicate:
A | elbow contracture secondary to spasticity. |
B | loss of muscle contraction decreasing venous return. |
C | deep vein thrombosis (DVT) due to immobility of the ipsilateral side. |
D | hypoalbuminemia due to protein escaping from an inflamed glomerulus. |
Question 30 |
The nurse is assessing a client with head trauma. The nurse notes a urine output of 300 ml/hour, dry skin, dry mucous membranes, and a high serum sodium. The most important intervention for the nurse to implement would be?
A | Evaluate urine specific gravity. |
B | Anticipate treatment for renal failure. |
C | Provide emollients to the skin to prevent breakdown. |
D | Slow the I.V. fluids and notify the physician. |
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