Nclex-Rn Practice Questions-Care Of The Adult - Gastrointestinal Disorders Part 1
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Question 1 |
A client asks the nurse what caused the development of a hiatal hernia? What is the best response by the nurse?
A | Increased intrathoracic pressure |
B | Weakness of the esophageal muscle |
C | Increased esophageal muscle pressure |
D | Weakness of the diaphragmatic muscle |
Question 2 |
A client presents with a recurrence of Crohn’s disease. Which area of the alimentary canal does the nurse suspect is involved?
A | Ascending colon |
B | Descending colon |
C | Sigmoid colon |
D | Terminal ileum |
Question 3 |
A nurse is preparing the teaching plan for a client with Crohn’s disease. Which factor should the nurse include as a possible link to the development of this disease?
A | Constipation |
B | Diet |
C | Heredity |
D | Lack of exercise |
Question 4 |
A nurse is reviewing the causes of ulcerative colitis with a client. Which factor is believed to cause ulcerative colitis?
A | Acidic diet |
B | Altered immunity |
C | Chronic constipation |
D | Emotional stress |
Question 5 |
A client is admitted with an anorectal fistula. The nurse is aware that the client most likely has which condition?
A | Crohn’s disease |
B | Diverticulitis |
C | Diverticulosis |
D | Ulcerative colitis |
Question 6 |
Which associated disorder might a client with ulcerative colitis exhibit?
A | Gallstones |
B | Hydronephrosis |
C | Nephrolithiasis |
D | Toxic megacolon |
Question 7 |
Which associated disorder might a client with Crohn’s disease exhibit most often?
A | Ankylosing spondylitis |
B | Colon cancer |
C | Malabsorption |
D | Lactase deficiency |
Question 8 |
A client with Crohn’s disease is admitted with fever, weight loss, leg cramping, diarrhea, frequent premature ventricular contractions, and abdominal pain. The nurse reviews the client’s lab data and determines immediate intervention is required when the results identify which of the following?
A | Hypoalbuminemia |
B | Leukocytosis |
C | Increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate |
D | Hypokalemia |
Question 9 |
The nurse determines that which diet would be most appropriate for a client with ulcerative colitis?
A | Low fat, low protein |
B | Low residue, high protein |
C | High calorie, low fiber |
D | High residue, high fiber |
Question 10 |
Crohn’s disease can be described as a chronic relapsing disease. Which area of the GI system may be involved with this disease?
A | The entire length of the large colon |
B | Only the sigmoid area |
C | The entire large colon through the layers of mucosa and submucosa |
D | The small intestine and colon, affecting the entire thickness of the bowel |
Question 11 |
The nurse has provided discharge teaching for a client who was hospitalized and treated for acute diverticulitis. Which statement by the client indicates understanding of the discharge instructions?
A | “I’ll reduce my fluid intake.” |
B | “I’ll decrease the fiber in my diet.” |
C | “I’ll take all of my antibiotics.” |
D | “I’ll exercise to increase my intra-abdominal pressure.” |
Question 12 |
While reviewing the clinical presentation of clients with diverticular disease, the nurse understands that which of the following symptoms indicates diverticulosis?
A | No symptoms exist |
B | Change in bowel habits |
C | Anorexia and low-grade fever |
D | Episodic, dull or steady midabdominal pain |
Question 13 |
Risk factors for the development of hiatal hernias are those that lead to increased abdominal pressure. The nurse understands that which of the following complications is most likely to result in a hiatal hernia?
A | Obesity |
B | Volvulus |
C | Constipation |
D | Intestinal obstruction |
Question 14 |
A client is admitted with a hiatal hernia. The nurse should assess the client for which symptom?
A | Left arm pain |
B | Lower back pain |
C | Esophageal reflux |
D | Abdominal cramping |
Question 15 |
A nurse is preparing to teach a client with a hiatal hernia. The nurse should provide instruction on which diagnostic test?
A | Colonoscopy |
B | Lower GI series |
C | Barium swallow |
D | Abdominal X-ray series |
Question 16 |
A client is admitted with right lower quadrant pain, anorexia, nausea, lowgrade fever, and elevated white blood cell count. Based on these assessments, which of the following complications is the client most likely experiencing?
A | A fecalith |
B | Bowel kinking |
C | Internal bowel occlusion |
D | Abdominal wall swelling |
Question 17 |
The nurse is assessing a client with suspected appendicitis. The nurse would expect the client to use which of the following terms to describe their pain?
A | Aching |
B | Fleeting |
C | Intermittent |
D | Steady |
Question 18 |
Which of the following positions would the nurse assist a client to assume for the relief of pain experienced with appendicitis?
A | Prone |
B | Sitting |
C | Supine, stretched out |
D | Lying with legs drawn up |
Question 19 |
Which nursing intervention should be the priority when caring for a client with appendicitis?
A | Assessing for pain |
B | Encouraging oral intake of clear fluids |
C | Providing discharge teaching |
D | Assessing for symptoms of peritonitis |
Question 20 |
The nurse is teaching the client about gastritis. Which of the following statements by the nurse would be the most accurate in describing gastritis?
A | Erosion of the gastric mucosa |
B | Inflammation of a diverticulum |
C | Inflammation of the gastric mucosa |
D | Reflux of stomach acid into the esophagus |
Question 21 |
Which nursing intervention should be included in the immediate postoperative management of a client who has undergone gastric resection?
A | Monitoring gastric pH to detect complications |
B | Assessing for bowel sounds |
C | Providing nutritional support |
D | Monitoring for symptoms of hemorrhage |
Question 22 |
A client is being admitted with acute gastritis. The nurse knows the immediate collaborative treatment plan will include which of the following?
A | Reducing work stress |
B | Completing a gastric resection |
C | Treating the underlying cause |
D | Administering enteral tube feedings |
Question 23 |
Upon reviewing the history of a client with chronic gastritis, which of the following may be a risk factor for the development of this condition?
A | Adolescent client |
B | Antibiotic usage |
C | Gallbladder disease |
D | Helicobacter pylori infection |
Question 24 |
In which developmental stage would the nurse note that a client is at risk of developing diverticulosis?
A | Infant |
B | School age |
C | Young adult |
D | Older adult |
Question 25 |
A client newly diagnosed with diverticulosis is being discharged. The client asks the nurse what type of diet may have contributed to the diagnosis. What is the best response by the nurse?
A | Low-fiber diet |
B | High-fiber diet |
C | High-protein diet |
D | Low-carbohydrate diet |
Question 26 |
Which mechanism can facilitate the development of diverticulosis into diverticulitis?
A | Treating constipation with chronic laxative use, leading to dependence on the laxatives |
B | Chronic constipation causing an obstruction, reducing forward flow of intestinal contents |
C | Herniation of the intestinal mucosa, rupturing the wall of the intestine |
D | Undigested food blocking the diverticulum, predisposing the area to bacterial invasion |
Question 27 |
Which test should the nurse expect to be ordered for a client suspected of having diverticulosis?
A | Abdominal ultrasound |
B | Barium enema |
C | Barium swallow |
D | Gastroscopy |
Question 28 |
A client with chronic gastritis asks why they need to have injections of vitamin B12. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
A | “Your white blood cell count is low.” |
B | “It will give you more energy.” |
C | “Your condition does not allow vitamin B12 to be absorbed.” |
D | “It is necessary for people with this disorder.” |
Question 29 |
A client with Crohn’s disease experiences 20 watery stools per day. When assessing the client, the nurse would anticipate which finding?
A | Tenting skin turgor |
B | Decreased heart rate |
C | Dilute urine |
D | Elevated blood pressure |
Question 30 |
A 30-year-old client is complaining of reflux in his esophagus 1 to 2 hours after eating or when lying down for the last 2 weeks. The nurse recognizes that this symptom is related to which of the following disorders?
A | Myocardial infarction (MI) |
B | Lumbar strain |
C | Hiatal hernia |
D | Intestinal infection |
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