Nclex-Rn Practice Questions-Care Of The Adult -Cardiovascular Disorders Part 2
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Question 1 |
What is the most common symptom in a client with abdominal aortic aneurysm?
A | Abdominal pain |
B | Diaphoresis |
C | Headache |
D | Upper back pain |
Question 2 |
A client with an impending myocardial infarction (MI) is experiencing angina. The nurse would document the angina as?
A | Variant angina |
B | Chronic stable angina |
C | Microvascular angina |
D | Unstable angina |
Question 3 |
While assessing a client diagnosed with angina, the client asks what causes it. Which of the following responses by the nurse would be the most appropriate?
A | Increased preload |
B | Decreased afterload |
C | Coronary artery spasm |
D | Inadequate oxygen supply to the myocardium |
Question 4 |
A nurse is preparing a client for cardiac catheterization. What is the priority assessment for the nurse to obtain?
A | Weight and height |
B | Allergy to iodine or shellfish |
C | Apical heart rate |
D | Cardiac rhythm |
Question 5 |
The nurse is teaching a client about angina. Which statement by the nurse would be most accurate regarding the primary treatment goal?
A | Reversal of ischemia |
B | Reversal of infarction |
C | Reduction of stress and anxiety |
D | Reduction of associated risk factors |
Question 6 |
The nurse is assessing a client with heart failure. The client is experiencing tachycardia, decreased blood pressure, and decreased peripheral pulses. The nurse interprets these symptoms as indicative of what?
A | Anaphylactic shock |
B | Cardiogenic shock |
C | Distributive shock |
D | Myocardial infarction (MI) |
Question 7 |
A client with angina pectoris has a stat electrocardiogram (ECG) performed during an episode of chest pain. The nurse reviews the ECG and notes myocardial ischemia. This would be displayed as:
A | increased QRS duration. |
B | shortened PR interval. |
C | pathological Q-wave formation. |
D | T-wave inversion. |
Question 8 |
After undergoing a cardiac catheterization, a client has a large puddle of blood under his buttocks. The most important intervention by the nurse is:
A | call for help. |
B | obtain vital signs. |
C | ask the client to “lift up.” |
D | apply gloves and assess the groin site. |
Question 9 |
If medical treatment for cardiomyopathy fails, the nurse should prepare the client for which of the following procedures?
A | Cardiac catheterization |
B | Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) |
C | Heart transplantation |
D | Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) |
Question 10 |
A client is scheduled for testing to diagnose an abdominal aortic aneurysm. The most definitive test would be?
A | Abdominal X-ray |
B | Aortogram |
C | Computed tomography (CT) scan |
D | Ultrasound |
Question 11 |
The nurse is caring for a preoperative client with an abdominal aortic aneurysm. The client is most at risk for:
A | hypertension. |
B | aneurysm rupture. |
C | cardiac arrhythmias. |
D | diminished pedal pulses. |
Question 12 |
A client with a myocardial infarction has received a thrombolytic agent. What is the most important intervention by the nurse?
A | Avoid puncture wounds. |
B | Monitor potassium levels. |
C | Maintain a supine position. |
D | Encourage fluids. |
Question 13 |
The nurse is assessing a client for an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which area does the nurse palpate?
A | Right upper quadrant |
B | Directly over the umbilicus |
C | Middle lower abdomen to the left of the midline |
D | Middle lower abdomen to the right of the midline |
Question 14 |
When auscultating the abdominal region of a client with abdominal aortic aneurysm, the nurse hears a bruit. How does the nurse interpret this finding?
A | It is a normal finding. |
B | It reflects a partial arterial occlusion. |
C | It indicates a collection of fluid in the lungs. |
D | It shows an inflammation of the peritoneal surface. |
Question 15 |
The nurse assesses a client with an abdominal aortic aneurysm and is most concerned when the client presents with which of the following?
A | Lower back pain, increased blood pressure, decreased red blood cell (RBC) count, and increased white blood cell (WBC) count |
B | Severe lower back pain, decreased blood pressure, decreased RBC count, increased WBC count |
C | Severe lower back pain, decreased blood pressure, decreased RBC count, decreased WBC count |
D | Intermittent lower back pain, decreased blood pressure, decreased RBC count, increased WBC count |
Question 16 |
A client who was recently diagnosed with an aneurysm asks the nurse if any genetic disease is closely linked to an aneurysm. What is the best response by the nurse?
A | Cystic fibrosis |
B | Hemophilia |
C | Marfan’s syndrome |
D | Sickle cell anemia |
Question 17 |
Which condition is associated with a predictable level of pain that occurs as a result of physical or emotional stress?
A | Anxiety |
B | Stable angina |
C | Unstable angina |
D | Variant angina |
Question 18 |
The nurse is counseling a client on types of cardiomyopathy associated with childbirth. The nurse should teach the client about which of the following?
A | Dilated |
B | Hypertrophic obstructive |
C | Myocarditis |
D | Restrictive |
Question 19 |
A nurse is teaching a client about cardiomyopathy and determines further teaching is needed when the client states:
A | “It is caused by a plaque in the arteries.” |
B | “It is caused by a virus.” |
C | “It is caused by bacteria.” |
D | “It is caused by certain drugs.” |
Question 20 |
A nurse is caring for a client with cardiomyopathy and is aware that the client is at high risk for developing:
A | heart failure. |
B | diabetes mellitus. |
C | myocardial infarction (MI). |
D | pericardial effusion. |
Question 21 |
The nurse performs an assessment on a newly admitted client. The data include dyspnea, cough, weight gain, weakness, and edema. The nurse interprets these as signs and symptoms of:
A | pericarditis. |
B | hypertension. |
C | myocardial infarction (MI). |
D | heart failure. |
Question 22 |
The nurse determines further teaching is necessary when a client with cardiomyopathy states:
A | dilated cardiomyopathy decreases cardiac output. |
B | cardiac output increases in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. |
C | cardiac output is not affected by hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. |
D | restrictive cardiomyopathy decreases cardiac output. |
Question 23 |
Which class of drugs is most widely used in the treatment of cardiomyopathy?
A | Anticoagulants |
B | Beta-adrenergic blockers |
C | Calcium channel blockers |
D | Nitrates |
Question 24 |
The nurse is reviewing a client’s echocardiogram report, which states, “hypertrophy of the ventricular septum.” The client should be further evaluated for which type of cardiomyopathy?
A | Congestive |
B | Dilated |
C | Hypertrophic obstructive |
D | Restrictive |
Question 25 |
During the assessment of a client who had an abdominal aortic repair, the nurse notes a hematoma in the perineal area. The nurse interprets this as:
A | hernia. |
B | stage 1 pressure ulcer. |
C | retroperitoneal rupture at the repair site. |
D | rapid expansion of the aneurysm. |
Question 26 |
The nurse is performing a cardiac assessment on her client and auscultates a fourth heart sound (S4). The nurse interprets this as indicative of which of the following?
A | Dilated aorta |
B | Normally functioning heart |
C | Decreased myocardial contractility |
D | Failure of the ventricle to eject all the blood during systole |
Question 27 |
While assessing a client with dilated cardiomyopathy, the nurse notices that the electrocardiogram (ECG) rhythm no longer has any P waves, only a fine wavy line. The ventricular rhythm is irregular with a QRS duration of 0.08 seconds. The heart rate is 110 beats/minute. The nurse interprets this rhythm as:
A | atrial fibrillation. |
B | ventricular fibrillation. |
C | atrial flutter. |
D | sinus tachycardia. |
Question 28 |
The nurse is ambulating a client. After ambulating 50 feet, the client experiences chest pain. What should be the priority intervention by the nurse?
A | Sit the client down. |
B | Get the client back to bed. |
C | Obtain an electrocardiogram (ECG). |
D | Administer sublingual nitroglycerin. |
Question 29 |
Which condition is linked to more than 50% of clients with abdominal aortic aneurysms?
A | Diabetes mellitus |
B | Hypertension |
C | Peripheral vascular disease |
D | Syphilis |
Question 30 |
A 59-year-old female client is experiencing chest pain at rest that is unresponsive to nitroglycerine. The physician diagnoses unstable angina and alerts the nurse that the client will require treatment with immediate surgical intervention. Which treatment is most appropriate?
A | Cardiac catheterization |
B | Echocardiogram |
C | Heart transplantation |
D | Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) |
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