Nclex-Rn Practice Questions-Care of Children and Families Respiratory Management
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Question 1 |
The child with a sore throat is hospitalized with a tentative diagnosis of epiglottitis. Which diagnostic test result should the nurse plan to review to confirm the diagnosis?
A | Blood culture |
B | Throat culture |
C | Lateral neck x-ray |
D | Complete blood count (CBC) |
Question 2 |
The nurse completed teaching on care at home to the mother of a child post-tonsil and adenoidectomy (T&A) surgery. The nurse determines that the mother understands the instructions when the mother makes which statement?
A | “I should give ice pops or cold drinks but avoid giving anything that is red-colored.” |
B | “Hemorrhage can occur up to a month after discharge due to sloughing from healing.” |
C | “My child should gargle and use a hard-bristled toothbrush to clean the mouth of debris.” |
D | “My child should cough and deep breathe to keep the lungs clear and prevent pneumonia.” |
Question 3 |
The nurse is caring for the child who is postoperative tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T&A) surgery. The nurse should further explore for signs of hemorrhage when obtaining which assessment finding?
A | The presence of “dark coffee-ground” emesis |
B | Frequent swallowing and clearing of the throat |
C | States having a sore throat and difficulty swallowing |
D | Secretions and dried blood at the corners of the mouth |
Question 4 |
The child who had a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T&A) is brought to the postoperative recovery room. In which position should the nurse place the child?
A | Supine |
B | Side-lying |
C | Semi-Fowler’s with the head turned to the side |
D | High Fowler’s, head slightly forward and to the side |
Question 5 |
The nurse is planning care for the infant newly diagnosed with tracheoesophageal fistula. Which potential problem should be the nurse’s priority?
A | Risk for infection |
B | Risk for aspiration |
C | Risk for altered nutrition |
D | Risk for impaired infant attachment |
Question 6 |
The child is diagnosed with TB after returning to the US. from a trip to Africa. During the assessment, the nurse observes that the parents do not talk about the child’s diagnosis as TB or use the word “TB” but rather use only the word “it.” Which statement made by the nurse is best?
A | “Tell me how you feel about your child’s diagnosis and illness.” |
B | “If your child takes the prescribed medications, ‘it’ can be cured.” |
C | “Why do you say ‘it,’ rather than referring to the diagnosis of tuberculosis?” |
D | “How long has your child been having night sweats and a productive cough?” |
Question 7 |
The home health nurse is planning a follow-up visit to the parents after their first-born and only child died from SIDS. Which action is most important for the nurse to include in the initial visit?
A | Help the parents make plans for future children. |
B | Complete a referral for genetic counseling and education. |
C | Allow time for listening to the parents and explore their concerns. |
D | Educate the family on the causes of sudden infant death syndrome. |
Question 8 |
The nurse triages children involved in a school bus accident that resulted in the children being submerged in cold water. Which child has the greatest risk ofa respiratory arrest and should be triaged as the priority?
A | Child who has hypoxia |
B | Child who has asphyxia |
C | Child who has aspiration |
D | Child who has hypothermia |
Question 9 |
The nurse is caring for the child who is scheduled to have a bronchoscopy to remove a foreign body- Which interventions should the nurse complete prior to the procedure? Select all that apply.
A | Provide pain medication to sedate the child. |
B | Bring emergency equipment to the bedside. |
C | Keep the child calm and environment quiet. |
D | Have the child deep breathe and try to cough. |
E | Monitor for changes in the child’s ability to speak. |
Question 10 |
The nurse educates parents about the nutritional needs of their child with CF. Which response by a parent indicates an understanding of the child’s nutritional needs?
A | “We will need to limit the amount of meat, carbohydrates, and fats in the diet plan.” |
B | “We will need to prepare a low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet plan with very little meat.” |
C | “We will need to prepare a lot of meat and carbohydrates and some fats in the diet plan.” |
D | “We will need to prepare moderate amounts of meats and low carbohydrates in the diet plan.” |
Question 11 |
The nurse is preparing the child with CF for discharge to home. The nurse determines that the parent needs further education when the parent makes which statement?
A | “We will do chest therapy and postural drainage even if our child doesn’t seem congested.” |
B | “Playing on the backyard swings and hanging upside down are exercises our child will enjoy.” |
C | “If a child at day care has a cough, fever, or flu symptoms, we should keep our child home.” |
D | “We should not give the pancreatic enzyme if our child has a good appetite and a stool daily.” |
Question 12 |
The child is diagnosed with CF. Which fact about CF should the nurse consider when developing the plan of care for the child?
A | Pulmonary secretions are abnormally thick. |
B | Chronic constipation usually occurs in CF. |
C | CF is an autosomal dominant hereditary disorder. |
D | A child with CF will also have diabetes insipidus. |
Question 13 |
Oxygen via simple facemask is prescribed for the hospitalized child diagnosed with mild intermittent asthma. Which items, brought by the parents from home, should the nurse remove from the room?
A | Plastic blocks and a handheld toy windmill |
B | An electronic educational toy and electronic book |
C | Washable cloth doll and removable cotton clothing |
D | Synthetic stuffed animal and synthetic underwear |
Question 14 |
The nurse completes teaching the parent of the child with asthma about the peak flow meter. Which statement indicates that the teaching was effective?
A | “I’ll have my child obtain the meter reading each morning before getting out of bed while lying flat; the meter will be set on the average peak flow.” |
B | “I’ll have my child obtain the meter reading after completing a morning exercise routine to encourage better airflow before testing the peak flow.” |
C | “I’ll encourage my child to set the meter at zero before testing and test peak flow every day; we’ll record the best reading once a month.” |
D | “I’ll set the meter gauge on zero; then my child should stand and ‘huff and cough’ two or three times to clear the airway before testing the peak flow.” |
Question 15 |
The nurse is planning care for the child with CF. What assessment finding and associated intervention should the nurse anticipate?
A | Pica appetite; increase nutritional choices |
B | Mucus accumulation; chest percussion |
C | Steatorrhea; increasing oral fluid intake |
D | Decreased sodium and chloride secretion; vitamin and mineral supplements |
Question 16 |
The nurse is caring for the infant with bronchiolitis. Which goal should the nurse identify as essential?
A | Promoting and maintaining adequate hydration |
B | Setting up and facilitating the use of a mist tent |
C | Ensuring that appropriate antibiotics are prescribed |
D | Administering a cough suppressant when needed |
Question 17 |
The nurse is closely monitoring the hospitalized infant who has an acute URI. The nurse’s close monitoring is based on knowing that the infant has an increased risk for severe consequences due to which factor?
A | Infection causes positive airway pressure. |
B | The trachea] airway is narrower in an infant. |
C | No accessory muscles help in the respiratory effort. |
D | The response to hypoxia causes an increase in respiratory effort. |
Question 18 |
The triage nurse in the ED determines that the child is experiencing severe respiratory distress. Which assessment findings support the nurse’s conclusion?
A | Agitation, vomiting, diarrhea, and tachycardia |
B | Diaphoresis, restlessness, tachypnea, and anorexia |
C | Pallor, coughing, expiratory wheeze, and confusion |
D | Sternal retractions, grunting, cyanosis, and bradycardia |
Question 19 |
The child is hospitalized after experiencing a sore throat and difficulty swallowing for a week. Laboratory tests reveal elevated WBCs, bands, and neutrophils. A throat culture completed a week ago showed Henwplzilus influenza type B. Based on the information, the nurse should be implementing interventions to treat which problem?
A | Tonsillitis |
B | Bronchiolitis |
C | Epiglottitis |
D | Tuberculosis |
Question 20 |
The child is hospitalized with acute LTB. In developing a plan of care, which nursing problem should the nurse consider the priority?
A | Anxiety |
B | Deficient knowledge |
C | Ineffective breathing pattern |
D | Risk for deficient fluid volume |
Question 21 |
The child with asthma is prescribed albuterol MDI. Which statement should the nurse include when teaching the child how to administer this medication?
A | “When administering medication via an MD], avoid shaking the canister before discharging the medication.” |
B | “When giving two ‘puffs,’ press on the canister twice in succession to discharge the medication.” |
C | “There should be a tight seal around the mouth- piece of the inhaler before the medication is discharged.” |
D | “Breathe out as much air as possible, put the mouthpiece in the mouth, press the canister, and then slowly inhale.” |
Question 22 |
The nurse is preparing to perform chest physiotherapy on the child with CF. When should the nurse plan to perform the treatment?
A | At least 1 hour before meals |
B | Before performing postural drainage |
C | Before a nebulized aerosol treatment |
D | After suctioning the upper respiratory tract |
Question 23 |
The nurse completes teaching the parents of the 2-year-old hospitalized with epiglottitis about ciprofloxacin administration when at home. The nurse should document that teaching was effective when the parent makes which statement?
A | “I’ll taper ciprotloxacin to once daily when my child begins to ‘feel better.” ” |
B | “I’ll avoid giving ciprofloxacin with dairy products or calcium-fortified juices.” |
C | “I’ll take my child outdoors; the sun exposure will help increase vitamin D levels.” |
D | “I should discontinue giving ciprofloxacin and contact the doctor if diarrhea occurs.” |
Question 24 |
The mother of the 2-year-old telephones the clinic nurse to ask advice. The child has a temperature of 104°F (40°C) and a sore throat and has been drooling for a few days. The child is now sleepy. Which is the best advice by the nurse?
A | “Take your child to an emergency department immediately.” |
B | “Bring your child into the clinic to be seen as soon as possible.” |
C | “Administer acetaminophen for the temperature and allow your child to sleep.” |
D | “Use a spoon to look inside your child’s mouth and throat and tell me what you see.” |
Question 25 |
The nurse is developing the plan of care for the 5-year-old about to have a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T&A). Which problem should the nurse establish as priority?
A | Anxiety related to surgery |
B | Acute pain related to surgery |
C | Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to tonsillitis |
D | Ineffective airway clearance related to reluctance to cough due to pain |
Question 26 |
The nurse assesses that the immunocompromised 5-month-01d infant is diaphoretic and has thick, tenacious secretions, poor cough effort, diarrhea, and anorexia. Which nursing problem should the nurse establish as priority?
A | Ineffective airway clearance |
B | Altered nutrition: less than body requirements |
C | Risk for infection |
D | Risk for fluid volume deficit |
Question 27 |
The infant is hospitalized after having a respiratory infection and severe diarrhea for 5 days. The child has poor skin turgor, respirations 30 bpm, T 101.3°F (39°C), and watery green stools. The HCP prescribes an antipyretic and IV fluid of DSNS with a potassium additive. What nursing action is most important?
A | Administer the prescribed antipyretic medication. |
B | Change the infant’s diaper that has watery green stool. |
C | Apply oxygen because the child is experiencing rapid respirations. |
D | Ensure that the infant has had urine output before starting IV fluids. |
Question 28 |
The nurse is caring for the child with bronchial asthma. Which statement is most important for the nurse to make when teaching the parents?
A | “Bronchial asthma is also called hyperactive airway disease.” |
B | “Cold air and irritating odors can cause severe bronchoconstriction.” |
C | “Frequent occurrences of bronchiolitis before age 5 could indicate asthma.” |
D | “Severe respiratory alkalosis can result from respiratory failure in asthma.” |
Question 29 |
An albuterol nebulizer treatment is ordered for the 6-month-old infant hospitalized with LTB. The nurse understands that albuterol, when used as a nebulizer treatment, does what?
A | Relaxes smooth muscles in the airways |
B | Removes excess fluid from the lungs |
C | Loosens and thins pulmonary secretions |
D | Reduces inflammation and mucus from airways |
Question 30 |
The community health nurse is evaluating the l6-year-old client’s 48-hour post-tuberculin skin test (TST). The nurse records a 6-mm induration noted at the injection site. During the assessment, the client gives the nurse a personal history. Which details should be most concerning to the nurse?
A | The 16-year-old has a diagnosis of HIV. |
B | The 16-year—old has recently had a chest x-ray to diagnose pneumonia. |
C | The l6-year—old is a recent immigrant from a high-TB-prevalence country. |
D | The l6-year—old has had recent contact with a person who has active TB disease. |
Question 31 |
The 8-year-old weighing 25 kg is me scribed azithromycin 250-mg oral tablet daily to treat bacterial pneumonia. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
A | Withhold azithromycin if the child has diarrhea or constipation. |
B | Offer a beverage the child likes to take following the medication. |
C | Administer the tablets one hour before or two hours after a meal. |
D | Verify the dose with the HCP; it exceeds the maximum dose for a child. |
Question 32 |
The experienced nurse is observing the new nurse perform chest physiotherapy on the 8-month- old. The experienced nurse should intervene when observing the new nurse perform which action?
A | Laying the infant on the bed in a supine position |
B | Setting the infant upright with the infant’s back toward the nurse |
C | Laying the infant on the new nurse’s lap with the infant’s head facing down |
D | Setting the infant upright and facing the nurse with the infant leaning forward |
Question 33 |
The nurse is formulating a plan of care for the 22-month—old child with an LTB. Which symptoms should indicate to the nurse that the child is experiencing impending respiratory failure?
A | Restlessness and irritability |
B | Barking, rattling-sounding cough |
C | Decreased inspiratory breath sounds |
D | Voice hoarseness and weak-sounding cry |
Question 34 |
The new nurse places the infant diagnosed with tracheoesophageal fistula under a radiant warmer with the infant’s head elevated at a 30-degree angle. Which statement to the infant’s mother indicates that the new nurse understands the most important reason for this position?
A | “This position helps your baby to eat better and digest foods easier.” |
B | “This position helps your baby breathe better by expanding her lungs.” |
C | “This position keeps your baby more comfort- able and closer to the warmer.” |
D | “This position prevents gastric juices from going upward into your baby’s lungs.” |
Question 35 |
The nurse is developing a plan of care for the child with CF. Which outcomes would be best for the nurse to include?
A | Adequate hydration, absence of Helicobacter pylori, and eats 75% of meals. |
B | Absence of pulmonary infection, weight normal for age, and skin remains intact |
C | Urine output 0.1 mL/kg/hr, absence of injury, and normal growth and development |
D | Absence of dehydration, maintains cleanliness, and adheres to medication regimen |
Question 36 |
The nurse is caring for the hospitalized adolescent who is being monitored by pulse oximetry. When the nurse enters the room, the pulse oximeter monitor is showing an oxygen saturation of 84% and alanning. What should the nurse do next?
A | Replace the pulse oximeter machine and probe. |
B | Administer oxygen through a nasal cannula or by mask. |
C | Assess the client’s level of consciousness and skin color. |
D | Call the IICP for an order for arterial blood gases (ABGs). |
Question 37 |
The hospitalized child with severe asthma has ABGs of pH = 7.30, Pacoz = 49 mm Hg, and HCO3 = 24 mEq/L. Which signs and symptoms noted during the assessment should the nurse associate with the results?
A | Rapid, deep respirations, paresthesia, light- headedness, twitching, anxiety, and fear |
B | Rapid, deep breathing, fruity breath odor, drowsiness, vomiting, and abdominal pain |
C | Slow, shallow breathing, hypertonic muscles, restlessness, twitching, confusion, and seizures |
D | Diaphoresis, headache, tachycardia, confusion, restlessness, apprehension, and flushed face |
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