Nclex-Rn Practice Questions-Care Of Children And Families Infectious And Communicable Disease Manage
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Question 1 |
The nurse completes teaching with an adolescent newly diagnosed with acute hepatitis C. Which statement indicates the need for additional teaching?
A | “I know that my liver will be enlarged for several more weeks.” |
B | “Once my jaundice is gone, I will be cured of my hepatitis C.” |
C | “I understand that my loss of appetite is related to my disease.” |
D | “My liver function will need to be monitored closely in the future.” |
Question 2 |
The nurse is teaching a parent skin care for the child diagnosed with impetigo. Which instruction is best?
A | Refrain from putting anything on the lesions. |
B | Remove skin, crusts, and debris by debridement. |
C | Avoid bathing the child until all scabs have healed. |
D | Wash the skin and crusts daily with soap and water. |
Question 3 |
The adolescent diagnosed with hepatitis is reporting pruritus. Which therapy should the nurse suggest?
A | Take a hot tub bath three times daily for a week. |
B | Rub the skin well with a terry cloth bath towel. |
C | Apply cool, moist compresses on the affected areas. |
D | Use an exfoliating brush to scratch affected areas. |
Question 4 |
The client being seen in a clinic relates a history of just returning on a flight from El Salvador after going mountain climbing. The client is diagnosed by the HCP as having giardiasis. Which conclusion should the nurse make regarding how the client most likely contracted the infection?
A | Giardiasis was acquired through the vaccinations required to travel in El Salvador. |
B | Giardiasis was acquired through close contact with an ill person on the return flight. |
C | Giardiasis was acquired when climbing in the mountains in El Salvador. |
D | Giardiasis was acquired when consuming food and beverages prepared in El Salvador. |
Question 5 |
The nurse is preparing to review the HCP’s written instructions with the parent of the pediatric client who has diarrhea caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli). Which instruction should the nurse question?
A | Child can consume the prediarrhea diet as tolerated. |
B | Encourage the child to drink any beverage available. |
C | Do not take the child to day care until diarrhea stops. |
D | Do not give the child antidiarrheal medications. |
Question 6 |
The adolescent, who has been sick for several days, is being seen in a clinic with a tentative diagnosis of mononucleosis. Which findings should the nurse expect when assessing the client?
A | Weakness, loss of appetite, and extreme constipation |
B | Fever, an enlarged spleen, and a rash similar to chicken pox |
C | White coating on the throat and depressed lymphocyte levels |
D | Extreme fatigue and enlarged lymph nodes in the neck and axilla |
Question 7 |
The nurse is caring for the adolescent diagnosed with Lyme disease. Which nursing problem should the nurse document in the plan of care?
A | Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to diarrhea |
B | Disturbed sleep pattems related to hyperalert state |
C | Impaired skin integrity related to pruritus |
D | Acute pain: joint and muscle related to inflammation |
Question 8 |
The nurse completes teaching about doxycycline to the adolescent diagnosed with Lyme disease. The nurse recognizes the need for further education when the client makes which statement?
A | “I’m glad this isn’t contagious so I can get back to tanning.” |
B | “I’ll complete my entire dose of doxycycline even if I feel well.” |
C | “I should abstain from sexual intercourse while on doxycycline.” |
D | “I’ll notify my health care provider if I get a fever or diarrhea.” |
Question 9 |
After receiving multiple mosquito bites and experiencing flu-like symptoms, the adolescent consults the school nurse and asks whether West Nile virus is a concern and whether an HCP appointment is necessary. Which statement should be the basis for the nurse’s response?
A | Antiviral medications should be prescribed to destroy the West Nile virus infection. |
B | Symptoms of West Nile virus can range from mild flu-like symptoms to fatal encephalitis. |
C | If the client has West Nile virus, signs and symptoms will progressively worsen. |
D | Insect repellent destroyed West Nile virus when the mosquito made skin contact. |
Question 10 |
The high school student is crying and says to the school nurse, “I had unprotected sex last week with someone who has been doing IV drugs; now I’m scared I might have HIV!” Which is the nurse’s best initial response?
A | “Don’t worry; I’m sure one incidence of unprotected sex will not cause you to contract HIV.” |
B | “You need to have a blood test immediately to test for the presence of HIV antigens.” |
C | “Have you talked to your parents about this so you can go in and get tested for HIV?” |
D | “You’re frightened because you think your actions may have caused you to contract HIV?” |
Question 11 |
The nurse is caring for the pediatric client who was diagnosed with AIDS. Which assessment findings should alert the nurse to the development of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP)?
A | Dyspnea, elevated temperature, nonproductive cough, and fatigue |
B | Weight loss, night sweats, persistent diarrhea, and hypothennia |
C | Dysphagia, yellow-white plaques in the mouth, and sore throat |
D | Lung crackles, chest pain, and small, painless purple—blue skin lesions |
Question 12 |
While caring for the 2-year-old child who has a colostomy, the nurse observes small threadlike objects on and around the stoma. Which statement correctly reflects the nurse’s thinking about these objects?
A | These are possible signs of a wound infection. |
B | The objects may be indicative of hookworm. |
C | The objects may be indicative of pinworms- |
D | These are fibers left from the surgical procedure. |
Question 13 |
The adolescent client with acute vomiting and diarrhea is diagnosed at the clinic with a norovirus infection. Which instruction should the nurse include when teaching the client?
A | “Symptoms subside in l to 2 days; you can return to school and work and resume usual activities then.” |
B | “The virus can be present in the stool for 2 to 3 weeks after you feel better; strict hand washing is important.” |
C | “Wash soiled clothing in very hot water to destroy the virus; do this now and for 3 weeks after you feel better.” |
D | “The virus can be transmitted by respiratory droplets; be sure to wear a mask when in contact with others.” |
Question 14 |
The college health nurse is teaching the student athlete diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis. The student asks, “Will I be able to play soccer after I rest up for a few days?” Which is the nurse’s best response?
A | “You may not be physically active playing soccer for at least 3 months.” |
B | “You may be as active as you wish now if you are not feeling fatigued.” |
C | “There are no limitations on activity with infectious mononucleosis-” |
D | “You need to avoid activities that can injure your abdomen for a few weeks.” |
Question 15 |
The clinic nurse is teaching the parent of the 3-year- old with rubella. Which information should the nurse provide?
A | “The period of communicability is 7 days before and 5 days after the rash appears; many cases are asymptomatic, and complications are rare-” |
B | “You need to observe for pneumonia, a common complication; if pregnant, you do not need to worry about being exposed to rubella.” |
C | “The period of communicability is 5 days before and 14 days after the rash appears; there are no teratogenic effects from the virus on fetuses.” |
D | “The incubation period is 7 to 14 days; complications are rare, but those who are pregnant should not be exposed to rubella.” |
Question 16 |
The adolescent client diagnosed with HIV has a CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count of 160 mcL. The nurse evaluates that interventions have been most effective when which outcome in the client’s plan of care is achieved?
A | Soft, formed stools daily |
B | Skin integrity nonintact |
C | Free of opportunistic infections |
D | Weight gain of 1 pound weekly |
Question 17 |
The nurse is planning care for the adolescent client being admitted with newly diagnosed active TB secondary to AIDS. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to plan?
A | Monitor for signs of bleeding. |
B | Teach strategies for skin care. |
C | Institute airborne precautions. |
D | Assess CD4 and T-lymphocyte counts. |
Question 18 |
The nurse is caring for the 4-year-old hospitalized with complications from chicken pox. Which type of precautions should the nurse plan?
A | Airborne and droplet precautions with negative- airflow room |
B | Airborne and droplet precautions with positive- airflow room |
C | Contact and droplet precautions with negative— airflow room |
D | Standard precautions with reverse isolation and positive-airflow room |
Question 19 |
The medical resident admits the 4-year—old with complications related to chicken pox. Which prescribed medication is most important for the nurse to question?
A | Acetaminophen |
B | Ampicillin |
C | Acyclovir |
D | Acetylsalicylic acid |
Question 20 |
The nurse is caring for the 5-year-old with rubeola. Which intervention by the nurse best ensures the child’s comfort?
A | Ensure that the lights are dim and curtains drawn. |
B | Provide baby oil baths to keep the skin moist. |
C | Use a warm mist tent to loosen secretions- |
D | Give a decongestant to reduce nasal drainage. |
Question 21 |
The nurse in the ED plans to assess three children: a 5-year-old with measles (rubeola), a 2—year-old with roseola, and a 6-year-old with rubella. Based on the severity of the infection, which child should the nurse plan to assess first?
A | The 2-year-old child with roseola |
B | The 5—year-old child with rubeola |
C | The 6-year-old child with rubella |
D | Any of the three can be first |
Question 22 |
The normally healthy adolescent client has a 5-mm skin induration 72 hours after receiving a tuberculin skin test. Which conclusions should the nurse make regarding the test results?
A | This 5-mm skin induration is negative for a normally healthy individual. |
B | This finding indicates that active TB is present and treatment is needed. |
C | This result is inconclusive, and a chest x-ray is needed to detect active TB. |
D | The result is inaccurate; the site assessment occurred too long after the test. |
Question 23 |
The school nurse is talking with the adolescent who is concerned about hair loss due to tinea capitis. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
A | “Others have gone through this. Would you like to talk with someone about this?” |
B | “What did your primary health care provider tell you about your hair growing back?” |
C | “You have styled your hair nicely to cover the bald spot; why is this bothering you?” |
D | “Don’t worry. Although you lost hair, your hair will grow back in about 6 to 12 months.” |
Question 24 |
The clinic nurse is advising the parent of the 8-year- old who has ringworm and now has an extensive, itchy rash. Which instruction should the nurse provide?
A | Use an over-the-counter topical steroid and an antihistamine to treat the reaction. |
B | Bring the child immediately to the clinic for further assessment by a professional. |
C | Observe for another 24 hours and call the clinic if the rash does not subside by then. |
D | Stop all medication immediately because this could indicate an allergic reaction. |
Question 25 |
The school nurse is reviewing the immunization record of the 8-year-old incoming student. Which finding warrants further follow-up by the nurse?
A | The client has received 2 doses of hepatitis A |
B | The client has received 2 doses of hepatitis B |
C | The client has received 5 doses of DTaP |
D | The client has received 2 doses of MMR |
Question 26 |
The nurse is discharging the 10-year-old who was hospitalized for RF with signs of CHF. What should be the nurse’s priority with discharge teaching?
A | Allow time for the parents to talk about their feelings regarding their child’s illness. |
B | Inform the parents of the child’s increased risk for infection when on a corticosteroid- |
C | Ensure that the child is aware of the activity restrictions and the need for adherence. |
D | Emphasize to the child that the rash on the trunk and the swollen joints will go away. |
Question 27 |
The nurse completes teaching an adolescent receiving treatment for an STI. Which statement indicates further teaching is needed?
A | “I should abstain from sexual intercourse while I am receiving treatment for chlamydia.” |
B | “If I use a latex rather than a nonlatex condom, there is less likelihood of it breaking.” |
C | “I’ll apply podophyllin resin 10% solution to each wart and wash it off in I to 4 hours.” |
D | “There is no cure for genital herpes, but I’ll be taking an analgesic and an antiviral drug.” |
Question 28 |
The clinic nurse is assessing the 12-year-old who has multiple scaly—ringed lesions on the face, neck, and arms. Which is the most important question that the nurse should ask?
A | “Do others at home have similar lesions?” |
B | “When did these lesions first appear?” |
C | “Do you have an animal in your house?” |
D | “Have you been picking at these sores?” |
Question 29 |
The mother of the 13-year-old female tells the clinic nurse, “I hope that no one tries to get me to agree to have my daughter get that new vaccine that is supposed to prevent some STIs. My daughter is not and will not be having sex until she is married.” What is the nurse’s best response?
A | “How will you know whether or not your daughter is sexually active prior to marriage?” |
B | “It seems that you have some questions about the vaccine. I will let the doctor know.” |
C | “I believe that you are talking about Gardasil. Tell me what you’ve heard about the vaccine.” |
D | “Here is a pamphlet that talks about the vaccine Gardasil that is used to prevent some STIs.” |
Question 30 |
The clinic nurse is preparing to assess the 14—year— old client who has impetigo on the hands and neck. In reviewing the client’s history, the nurse would expect which predisposing factors to be associated with bacterial skin infections?
A | Diabetes insipidus, moisture, anorexia |
B | Obesity, diabetes mellitus, eczema |
C | Obesity, acne, congenital heart defect |
D | Systemic corticosteroids, strabismus |
Question 31 |
An outbreak of hepatitis has occurred at a local factory. Ten factory workers ages 16 to 18 years developed symptoms of hepatitis within 2 days of each other. The source of the illness is determined to be contaminated cafeteria food. The factory occupational health nurse should notify the CDC that which type of hepatitis outbreak likely occurred?
A | Hepatitis A |
B | Hepatitis B |
C | Hepatitis C |
D | Hepatitis D |
Question 32 |
The 17-year-old student visits the high school nurse’s office experiencing a sore throat, headache, fever of 101°F (383°C), malaise, and abdominal pain. How should the nurse plan to proceed?
A | Call the health care provider's office and send the student to be evaluated. |
B | Give an antipyretic and have the student stay in the nursing office for an hour. |
C | Ask if the student would like to go see the HCP for treatment or be sent home. |
D | Call a parent and have the student go home with recommendations to see the HCP. |
Question 33 |
The clinic nurse is assessing the 17-year-old male and observes multiple lesions on both upper arms- Some of these lesions are covered with a honey- colored crust. Based on this assessment, which skin condition should the nurse consider?
A | Herpes zoster |
B | Impetigo |
C | Cellulitis |
D | Ringworm |
Question 34 |
The nurse is assessing the 18-year-old diagnosed with mumps. Which findings should be most concerning to the nurse?
A | Parotid swelling, fever, headache |
B | Earache, anorexia, painful chewing |
C | Headache, stiff neck, photophobia |
D | Vomiting, swelling above the jawline |
Question 35 |
The nurse is caring for the child who has a virulent infection. The HCP prescribes cefazolin sodium IV 50 mg every 6 hours. The Pediatric Dosage Handbook states the safe range of cefazolin is 6.25 to 25 mg per kg per day. The child weighs 18 1b. What is the most appropriate action by the nurse?
A | Notify the HCP because the dose is too high |
B | Request pharmacy to send the correct dose |
C | Administer cefazolin sodium as prescribed |
D | Give 25 mg now and then 25 mg in 3 hours |
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