Nclex-Rn Practice Questions-Care of Adults Gastrointestinal Management
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Question 1 |
The nurse completes discharge teaching for the client after a small bowel resection for Crohn’s disease. The nurse detemiines that more education is needed when overbearing which statement made by the client to the client’s spouse?
A | “I’m so glad I’ll never need surgery again for Crohn’s disease.” |
B | “I’ll need to get a new scale so I can continue to monitor my weight.” |
C | “I’ll likely need to be on hydrocortisone if an exacerbation occurs.” |
D | “I will probably have to take vitamin supplements all of my life.” |
Question 2 |
The client with Crohn’s disease has undergone a barium enema that showed strictures in the ileum. Based on this finding, the nurse should monitor the client closely for signs of which complication?
A | Peritonitis |
B | Obstruction |
C | Malabsorption |
D | Fluid imbalance |
Question 3 |
The RN overhears the LPN talking with the client who is being prepared for a total colectomy with the creation of an ileoanal reservoir for ulcerative colitis. Which statement made by the LPN should the RN clarify to decrease the client’s anxiety?
A | “This surgery will prevent you from developing colon cancer." |
B | “After this surgery you will no longer have ulcerative colitis.” |
C | “After surgery you may not have solid food for several days.” |
D | “You’ll have a permanent ileostomy after having this surgery.” |
Question 4 |
The nurse is reviewing the history and physical of a teenager admitted to a hospital with a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis. Based on this diagnosis, which information should the nurse expect to see on this client’s medical record?
A | Heartburn and regurgitation |
B | Abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea |
C | Weight gain and elevated blood glucose |
D | Abdominal distention and hypoactive bowel sounds |
Question 5 |
The client of Chinese ethnicity has diarrhea and refuses to drink the prescribed oral hydration solution, insisting on having chicken broth instead. Which statement about clients of Chinese ethnicity should be the basis for the nurse’s intervention in this situation?
A | They consider chicken a food with yang qualities. |
B | They believe extra protein is needed to treat diarrhea. |
C | They believe high-sodium foods are needed to treat diarrhea. |
D | They mistrust modern medicine and eat broth to treat disease. |
Question 6 |
The client has diarrhea that has been cultured positive for Clostridium difiicile (C. diif). In order to prevent the spread of infection, the nurse should perform which intervention?
A | Wear an isolation gown, gloves, and mask when providing care. |
B | Perform vigorous hand hygiene using only soap and water. |
C | Place the client in a private room with negative pressure airflow. |
D | Instruct visitors to use the alcohol-based hand wash for self-protection. |
Question 7 |
The nurse is caring for the client with acute cholecystitis. The nurse anticipates that conservative treatment will include which component?
A | Providing a low-texture bland diet |
B | Giving anticholinergic medications |
C | Positioning so the head of the bed is flat |
D | Administering laxatives to clear the bowel |
Question 8 |
While reviewing the client’s medical records, the nurse notes the diagnosis of biliary colic. Considering this diagnosis, which additional sign will the nurse most likely find in the client’s medical record?
A | Bloody diarrhea |
B | Heartbum and regurgitation |
C | Abdominal distention |
D | Severe abdominal pain |
Question 9 |
The nurse is caring for the client diagnosed with cirrhosis. After completing discharge education, the nurse recognizes the need for further teaching when the client makes which statement?
A | “My cirrhosis was caused from too much alcohol; I plan to stop drinking.” |
B | “I need to rest more; I plan on only going to work on a part-time basis.” |
C | “Propranolol has been ordered to decrease my blood pressure.” |
D | “Furosemide will help to reduce the amount of abdominal fluid.” |
Question 10 |
The client with cirrhosis is scheduled for a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement. The nurse realizes the client does not understand the procedure when the client makes which statement?
A | “I hope the abdominal incision heals fast after this procedure so I can return home.” |
B | “My risk of bleeding from my esophagus again should be decreased after this procedure.” |
C | “The shunt they are placing could become occluded in the future; I hope it doesn’t happen.” |
D | “This procedure should keep me from getting so much fluid buildup in my abdomen.” |
Question 11 |
The client with a newly created colostomy is concerned about having satisfying sexual relations. What should the nurse recommend?
A | Participate in sexual activity only in a darkened room. |
B | Utilize self-gratification for the majority of sexual needs. |
C | Empty and clean the ostomy bag just before sexual activity. |
D | Utilize only the female superior position for sexual activity. |
Question 12 |
The nurse is admitting the client with gastric cancer to an oncology unit for treatment. Which assessment finding should prompt the nurse to review the medical record to determine whether the cancer may have metastasized to the peritoneal cavity?
A | The client is reporting nausea. |
B | Grey Turner’s sign is present. |
C | The client reports a rapid weight loss. |
D | Ascites is evident in the abdomen. |
Question 13 |
During a health promotion seminar for senior citizens, a participant asks the nurse to discuss symptoms of gastric cancer. Which statement should be the basis for the nurse’s response?
A | Cancers that do not penetrate the gastric muscular layer are asymptomatic in the majority of clients. |
B | Pain from early gastric cancer lesions cannot be reduced by over-the-counter (OTC) histamine receptor antagonists. |
C | Unexplained weight gain and increased body mass index (BMI) are early symptoms of gastric cancer. |
D | Anemia is uncommon in gastric cancer, but if it occurs, it is likely due to the effects of aging. |
Question 14 |
Following an esophagectomy with colon interposition (esophagoenterostomy) for esophageal cancer, the client is beginning to eat oral foods. The nurse monitors for aspiration because the client no longer has which structure?
A | A stomach |
B | A pyloric sphincter |
C | A pharynx |
D | A lower esophageal sphincter |
Question 15 |
The nurse is caring for the client with diverticulitis. The nurse should plan to instruct the client to avoid which food during an episode of diverticulitis?
A | White bread |
B | Ripe banana |
C | Cooked oatmeal |
D | Iceberg lettuce |
Question 16 |
The nurse is caring for the client with a Zenker’s diverticulum. Which problem should be the nurse’s priority?
A | Pain related to heartburn from gastric reflux. |
B | Aspiration related to regurgitation of food accumulated in the diverticula. |
C | Constipation related to anatomical changes of the sigmoid colon. |
D | Altered nutrition, less than body requirements related to dysphagia. |
Question 17 |
The experienced nurse is instructing the new nurse. The experienced nurse explains that the definitive diagnosis of PUD involves which test?
A | A urea breath test |
B | Upper GI endoscopy with biopsy |
C | Barium contrast studies |
D | The string test |
Question 18 |
The client with a history of a duodenal ulcer is hospitalized with upper abdominal discomfort and projectile vomiting that has a foul odor. The nurse immediately notifies the HCP, concluding that the client may have developed which complication?
A | Gastric perforation |
B | Gastrointestinal hemorrhage |
C | Gastric outlet obstruction |
D | Helicobacter pylori infection |
Question 19 |
The nurse is completing the client’s hospital admission history. Which statement should prompt the nurse to further question the client about symptoms associated with GERD?
A | “I have been experiencing headaches immediately after eating.” |
B | “Lately, I wake up at night with a burning feeling in my chest.” |
C | “I have been waking up at night sweating and wet all over.” |
D | “Immediately after eating I feel sleepy and want to go to bed.” |
Question 20 |
The nurse is preparing to care for the client diagnosed with hepatitis A. Which interventions should the nurse plan to include?
A | Teach the client to limit use of alcohol and drugs containing acetaminophen. |
B | Provide a high-protein, high-carbohydrate diet with three large meals per day. |
C | Wear gloves, mask, and gown when providing the client’s personal cares. |
D | Provide rest periods, alternating this with moderate activity during the day. |
Question 21 |
During a clinic visit the client provides all of the following health history information. Which client statement should be most concerning to the nurse because it could describe a symptom of esophageal cancer?
A | “I have been having a lot of indigestion lately.” |
B | “When I eat meat, it seems to get stuck halfway down.” |
C | “I have been waking up at night lately with chest pain.” |
D | “I gained weight, even though I have not changed my diet.” |
Question 22 |
The nurse is caring for the client who had a vertical banded gastroplasty. The nurse teaches that nausea can occur after this surgery from which situation?
A | The stomach pouch becomes overfilled. |
B | The lower half of the stomach becomes spastic. |
C | The duodenum incision becomes inflamed. |
D | The dumping syndrome from a high-protein meal. |
Question 23 |
The nurse is caring for the client to manage and decrease the sensation of nausea. Which nonpharma-cological intervention should the nurse recommend?
A | Sipping tea made from gingerroot |
B | Changing positions more rapidly |
C | Decreasing intake of solid food |
D | Playing stimulating classical music |
Question 24 |
The experienced nurse is teaching the new nurse about surgery to repair a hiatal hernia. The experienced nurse is most likely to state that the surgery is becoming more common to prevent which emergency complication?
A | Severe dysphagia |
B | Esophageal edema |
C | Hernia strangulation |
D | Aspiration |
Question 25 |
The nurse is performing an initial postoperative assessment on the client following upper GI surgery. The client has an NG tube to low intermittent suction. To best assess the client for the presence of bowel sounds, which intervention should the nurse implement?
A | Start auscultating to the left of the umbilicus. |
B | Turn off the NG suction before auscultation. |
C | Use the bell of the stethoscope for auscultation. |
D | Empty the drainage canister before auscultation. |
Question 26 |
The client is admitted with upper right-side abdominal pain. The nurse is concerned that the client may have liver cancer when which serum laboratory test results are elevated?
A | Creatinine and BUN |
B | α-fetoprotein (AFP) |
C | Phosphorus levels |
D | CA-125 levels |
Question 27 |
The home health nurse is perforating a follow-up visit for the client diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B. The client is being treated with interferon alpha-2b. Which client comment requires further assessment by the nurse?
A | “My clothes are tight; I gained 2 pounds this month.” |
B | “Whenever I just bump into anything, I get a bruise." |
C | “I’ve been staying home and avoiding large crowds." |
D | “I get tired easily, so I just take my time with things." |
Question 28 |
The RN is caring for the client following a liver biopsy with the assistance of the student nurse. The RN evaluates that the student understands the postprocedure care when making which observation of the student nurse?
A | Takes the client’s vital signs every hour |
B | Walks the client 1 hour postprocedure |
C | Positions the client onto the right side |
D | Has the client cough and deep-breathe hourly |
Question 29 |
The nurse is taking a hospital admission history of the client- The nurse considers that the cheat may have IBS when the client makes which statement?
A | “I am having a lot of bloody diarrhea.” |
B | “I have been vomiting for 2 days." |
C | “I have lost 10 pounds in the last month.” |
D | “I have noticed mucus in my stools.” |
Question 30 |
After Billroth ii surgery (gastroJejunostomy), the client experiences weakness, diaphoresis, anxiety, and palpitations 2 hours after a high-carbohydrate meal. The nurse should interpret that these symptoms indicate the development of which problem?
A | Steatorrhea |
B | Duodenal reflux |
C | Hypervolemic fluid overload |
D | Postprandial hypoglycemia |
Question 31 |
The client tells the nurse about being diagnosed with a 2-cm cancerous tumor in the liver. The client wants to know about the treatment. Which statement should be the basis for the nurse’s response?
A | The use of chemotherapy is the first-line treatment for liver cancer. |
B | Liver transplantation is not an option for clients with liver cancer. |
C | Radiofrequency ablation can be successful in treating tumors of this size. |
D | A tumor of this size can only be removed through an open surgical approach. |
Question 32 |
The client diagnosed with chronic pancreatitis is concerned about pain control. The nurse explains that the initial plan for chronic pancreatic pain control involves the administration of which of the following?
A | Opioid analgesics, such as morphine sulfate |
B | Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) |
C | Pancreatic enzymes with H2 blocker medications |
D | Injection of medication directly into the nerves |
Question 33 |
The client recovering from acute pancreatitis who has been NPO asks the nurse, “When can I start eating again?” Which response by the nurse is most accurate?
A | “As soon as you start to feel hungry you can begin eating.” |
B | “When I hear that your bowel sounds are active and you are passing flatus.” |
C | “When your pain is controlled and your serum lipase level has decreased.” |
D | “You will be NPO for at least more 2 weeks; oral intake stimulates the pancreas.” |
Question 34 |
During a home visit, the client’s spouse reports that since her husband’s placement of a colostomy 3 months ago, he has lost interest in golf. She also says he cries often for no reason, sleeps for only a few hours at night, and reports fatigue. The wife asks the nurse for advice. Which statement should be the basis for the nurse’s response?
A | One in four clients develops depression after ostomy surgery. |
B | Athletic activities like golf are not possible after ostomy surgery. |
C | After 3 months the client should have accepted his new body image. |
D | The smell and location make it difficult to sleep well with an ostomy. |
Question 35 |
The nurse is admitting the client for a colonoscopy. Which information, if found in the client’s medical record, should the nurse consider as the primary reason for this client’s colonoscopy?
A | Chronic constipation |
B | Urostomy placed 3 years ago |
C | History of colon polyps |
D | Hemoglobin 10 g/dL |
Question 36 |
The nurse is discharging the client after Billroth H surgery (gastrojejunostomy). To assist the client to control dumping syndrome, which information should the nurse include in the client’s discharge instructions?
A | Drink plenty of fluids with all your meals. |
B | Eat a high-carbohydrate, low-protein diet |
C | Wait to eat at least 5 hours between meals. |
D | Lie down for 20 to 30 minutes after meals. |
Question 37 |
The nurse is caring for the client who is 6 hours post—open cholecystectomy. The client's T—tube drainage bag is empty, and the nurse notes slight jaundice of the sclera. Which action by the nurse is most important?
A | Reposition the client to promote T-tube drainage |
B | Telephone the surgeon to report these findings |
C | Ask a nursing assistant to obtain a blood pressure |
D | Record the findings and continue to monitor the client |
Question 38 |
The nurse is preparing to administer amitriptyline 10 mg orally to the client diagnosed with IBS. The client asks, “Why am I receiving this? I don’t feel depressed." Which response by the nurse is best?
A | “The medication is working. People with chronic diseases typically also suffer from depression.” |
B | “People with IBS have difficulty returning to sleep after walking to the bathroom. It will help you get adequate rest." |
C | “The anticholinergic side effects of the drug will help to prevent bowel irritability and constipation.” |
D | “Tricyclic antidepressants reduce abdominal pain by affecting the communication system from the bowel to the brain." |
Question 39 |
The 20-year—old female is being admitted to the hospital with exacerbation of Crohn’s disease. The client is alert and oriented and has been taking azathioprine for disease control. Into which room should the charge nurse place the client?
A | Private room across from the nurse’s station |
B | Room with a female who has Crohn’s disease |
C | Private room that has a private attached bathroom |
D | Room with an elderly female who is on bedrest |
Question 40 |
The nurse is caring for the surgical client during the first 24 hours after an abdominal-perineal resection. Which action should be priority?
A | Provide a diet that is low in residue |
B | Check the colostomy bag for stool amount |
C | Assess the perineal dressing for drainage |
D | Encourage the client to see the colostomy site |
Question 41 |
The nurse is caring for the client who has a temporary colostomy following surgery for colon cancer. The nurse assesses that the client’s colostomy bag is empty and that there has been no stool since surgery 24 hours ago. What should the nurse do?
A | Call the surgeon immediately. |
B | Place the client left side-lying. |
C | Document these findings. |
D | Give a laxative medication. |
Question 42 |
The client had Billroth II surgery 24 hours ago. The client’s son approaches the nurse in the hallway and asks for information regarding his father’s condition. The wife is listed as the designated contact person. Which nurse response is best?
A | “What has the surgeon told you about your father’s condition?” |
B | “Let’s both go into your father’s room and ask him how he feels.” |
C | “Let’s go to a more private place to discuss your father’s condition.” |
D | “Let’s review your father’s medical record information together.” |
Question 43 |
The nurse is assessing the client who is 24 hours post—GI hemorrhage. The findings include BUN of 40 mg/dL and serum creatinine of 0.8 mg/dL. Which action should be taken by the nurse?
A | Immediately call the health care provider to report these results. |
B | Monitor urine output, as this may be a sign of kidney failure. |
C | Document the findings and continue to monitor the client. |
D | Encourage the client to limit his or her dietary protein intake. |
Question 44 |
The 25-year-old client, hospitalized with an exacerbation of distal ulcerative colitis, is prescribed mesalamine rectally via enema. The client states that an enema is disgusting and wants to know why the medication cannot be given orally. Which is the best response by the nurse?
A | “It can be given orally; I’ll contact the doctor and see if the change can be made.” |
B | “Rectal administration delivers the mesalamine directly to the affected area.” |
C | “Oral administration is not possible for treating your ulcerative colitis exacerbation.” |
D | “It can be given orally; I’ll make the change, and we’ll tell the doctor in the morning.” |
Question 45 |
The client is being admitted to a postsurgical unit following anorectal surgery. The nurse reviews the following postoperative orders from the surgeon. Which order should the nurse question?
A | Give morphine sulfate per IV bolus before the first defecation. |
B | Have the client take a site bath after each defecation. |
C | Begin high-fiber diet as soon as client can tolerate oral intake. |
D | Position supine with the head of the bed elevated to 30 degrees. |
Question 46 |
The nurse is preparing to care for the client immediately after a Whipple procedure. The nurse should plan to include which action?
A | Monitor the blood glucose levels |
B | Administer enteral feedings |
C | Irrigate the NG tube with 30 mL of saline |
D | Assist with bowel elimination within 8 hours of surgery |
Question 47 |
The nurse is caring for the postoperative client who underwent an open Roux-cn-Y gastric bypass. The charge nurse should intervene if which observation is made?
A | The nursing care plan for postoperative day one indicates restricting fluids to 30—60 mL per hour of clear liquids. |
B | The nurse is instructing the licensed practical nurse (LPN) to remove the client’s urinary catheter 24 hours after surgery. |
C | The client is wearing a bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) mask when sleeping during the day. |
D | A bottle of saline and 60-mL catheter-tip syringe are on the bedside table for nasogastrie (NG) tube irrigation. |
Question 48 |
The 40-year-old client is recovering from an exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis. As the client prepares for discharge, the client makes several statements to the nurse. Which statement should be concerning because it could inhibit the client’s ability to accomplish the developmental tasks of middle adulthood?
A | “I’m planning on continuing to be active in the local town service club.” |
B | “I enjoy my job; I should be able to return to work in about 3 to 4 weeks.” |
C | “I’ve missed friends and look forward to having a glass of wine with them.” |
D | “My spouse has been very supportive during my lengthy hospitalization.” |
Question 49 |
The nurse is taking a hospital admission history for the 40-year—old client. The nurse is concerned about possible acute pancreatitis when the client makes which statement?
A | “I have sudden-onset intense pain in my upper left abdomen that goes to my back.” |
B | “I had persistent lower abdominal pain that now shifted to the lower right quadrant.” |
C | “My stools are loose and bloody, and I have cramping abdominal pain with spasms.” |
D | “I have this mild pain in my upper abdomen, but I have been vomiting forcefully a lot.” |
Question 50 |
The nurse is assigned to four clients who were diagnosed with gastric ulcers. Which client should be the nurse’s priority when monitoring for GI bleeding?
A | The 40-year-old client who is positive for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) |
B | The 45-year-old client who drinks 4 ounces of alcohol a day |
C | The 70-year-old client who takes daily baby aspirin of8| mg |
D | The 30-year-old pregnant client taking acetaminophen pm |
Question 51 |
The nurse has been assigned to care for four clients. Which client should the nurse plan to assess first?
A | The 50-year-old client who has chronic pancreatitis and is reporting a pain level of 6 out of 10 on a numerical scale |
B | The 47-year-old client with esophageal varices who has influenza and has been coughing for the last 30 minutes |
C | The 60-year-old client who had an open cholecystectomy 15 hours ago and has been stable through the night |
D | The 54-year-old client with cirrhosis and jaundice who is reporting having itching all over the body |
Question 52 |
The nurse is reviewing the health history of the client hospitalized with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Which finding should the nurse associate with this disease process?
A | 70 years old at diagnosis |
B | Body mass index of35 |
C | History of recent antibiotic use |
D | Living in a colder climate |
Question 53 |
The nurse is caring for the client with acute diverticulitis. Which finding should most prompt the nurse to consider that the client has developed an intestinal perforation?
A | White blood cells (W BCs) elevated |
B | Temperature of 101°F (383°C) |
C | Bowel sounds are absent |
D | Reports intense abdominal pain |
Question 54 |
The HCP writes the following admission orders for the client with possible appendicitis. Which order should the nurse question?
A | Place on NPO (nothing per mouth) status. |
B | No analgesics until diagnosis is confirmed. |
C | Apply heat to abdomen to decrease pain. |
D | Start IV lactated Ringer’s at 125 mI / hr. |
Question 55 |
At a follow-up clinic visit, the client who had a sigmoid colectomy for colon cancer is instructed to take 325 mg of aspirin per day. The nurse explains to the client that the aspirin will have which effect?
A | Help decrease the surgical pain |
B | Help heal the surgical incision |
C | Prevent the return of colon cancer |
D | Prevent metastasis of the cancer |
Question 56 |
The client is hospitalized with a large bowel obstruction resulting in massive abdominal distention. Which assessment findings should be most concerning to the nurse?
A | Urine specific gravity value of 1.020 |
B | High-pitched and tinkling bowel sounds |
C | Decreased lung sounds in both lung bases |
D | Client describes abdominal pain as colicky |
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