Nclex-Rn Practice Questions-Care of Adults-Adult and Older Adult Development
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Question 1 |
After performing an assessment and determining that there are no other causes, the nurse concludes that the older adult’s recent hearing loss in one ear may be from cerumen accumulation from age- related changes. The nurse’s conclusion was based on which age-related changes that contribute to the cerumen accumulation?
A | Reduced sweat gland activity; thinning and drying of the skin lining the ear canal |
B | Ossicular bone calcification; longer and thicker hair growth in the ear canal |
C | Degenerative structural changes of the eardrum preventing cerumen passage |
D | Over activity of the sweat glands contributing to the development of presbycusis |
Question 2 |
Pre- hospital admission medications for the older adult client include warfarin and atenolol. Which statement made by the client should prompt the nurse to initiate a referral to a social worker?
A | “I crush my medications and take them with applesauce because they are hard to swallow.” |
B | “I stopped taking my blood pressure pill; I can’t afford it, and my blood pressure is normal.” |
C | “I feel more alert after starting to take ginkgo, but I forgot to ask my doctor if it were okay.” |
D | “I have my daughter set up my medications for two weeks at a time in a medication bar.” |
Question 3 |
The nurse is admitting the older adult client to a nursing home. Which is the nurse’s best approach when obtaining information during the admission interview?
A | Direct questions to the family member accompanying the client. |
B | Speak clearly and slowly to the client using high- pitched vocal tones. |
C | Take the client and family members to a private room without distractions. |
D | Speak to the client loudly about familiar topics before asking questions- |
Question 4 |
The older adult client is experiencing relocation stress after being admitted to a nursing home. Which intervention is best for the nurse to implement?
A | Ask family members to explore placing the client in another nursing home. |
B | Change the client’s room every week until a compatible roommate is found. |
C | Place the client’s favorite items, such as a family picture, at the client’s bedside. |
D | Ask that family members avoid talking to the client about being in the nursing home. |
Question 5 |
The nurse observes the NA providing a stuffed animal to the hospitalized older adult client who is experiencing delirium. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?
A | Reprimand the NA for treating the client like a child. |
B | Remove the stuffed animal before anyone else sees it. |
C | Report the NA’s action to the unit’s nurse manager. |
D | Thank the NA for providing it for the client’s fidgeting. |
Question 6 |
The nurse is assessing the older adult. Which tool should the nurse select to identify the client’s needs and care deficits?
A | Katz Index of Activities of Daily Living |
B | Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs |
C | Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE) |
D | Erikson’s Developmental Tasks |
Question 7 |
The nurse overhears a person say, “I’m having a senior moment because I forgot “ How should the nurse interpret this statement?
A | This phrase is a comical statement without age bias and is acceptable to others. |
B | This phrase is a stereotypical reference to older adults that can be termed ageism. |
C | This phrase admits that the older adult’s ability to learn new information is limited. |
D | This phrase recognizes that all older adults have short— and long-term memory issues. |
Question 8 |
The nurse educator is planning teaching for other nurses after noting that some nurses need additional education on insulin types and how to use the new insulin injection pens. When planning teaching, which question by the educator best reflects consideration that the nurses are adult learners?
A | “Does anyone want to volunteer to prepare a poster board and help with handouts?” |
B | “What do you need to learn about insulin, and what teaching method would you prefer?” |
C | “Can you attend a presentation if I post various times during the day and evening shift?” |
D | “What don’t you understand about the information in the policy and procedure manual?” |
Question 9 |
The nurse is planning a health promotion program for a group of middle—aged adults. Which topic is most appropriate for the nurse to include?
A | Methods of contraception |
B | Stress management skills |
C | Reduction of caloric intake |
D | A safe home environment |
Question 10 |
The nurse is caring for the middle-aged client. Which client behavior should indicate to the nurse that the client may have difficulty achieving Erikson’s developmental stage of generativity?
A | Talks about accomplishments that made the workplace a better place to work |
B | Volunteers at the local nursing home reading to residents one day a week |
C | Focuses conversation on self and displays disinterest in the activities of others |
D | Shows pictures of the client’s grandchildren and the client at various sports events |
Question 11 |
The home health nurse is caring for the middle-aged client who is disabled due to a recent accident. The client has few interests, spends most days watching TV, and has become estranged from the family. Which of Erikson’s developmental stages should the nurse conclude that the client is not meeting?
A | Industry versus inferiority |
B | Initiative versus guilt |
C | Generativity versus stagnation |
D | Intimacy versus isolation |
Question 12 |
The nurse is teaching a group of middle-aged female nurses about middle-aged moral development applicable only to women. Which point should the nurse most specifically address?
A | Gilligan’s moral development theory includes responsibility and caring for self and others. |
B | Kohlberg’s moral development theory includes living according to universally agreed-upon principles. |
C | Westerhoff’s stages of faith include putting faith into personal and social action and standing up for beliefs- |
D | Fowler’s stages of spiritual development include becoming aware of truth from a variety of viewpoints. |
Question 13 |
The student nurse is discussing with the experienced nurse Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory of moral development pertaining to middle-aged adults. Which statement should the experienced nurse correct?
A | “Middle-aged adults are usually concerned about basic individual rights of others.” |
B | “Middle-aged adults attempt to understand the values and beliefs of others.” |
C | “Middle-aged adults are focused on their careers and are less concerned about morals.” |
D | “Middle-aged adults use their own chosen ethical principles when making moral decisions.” |
Question 14 |
The nurse has limited time to teach the middle-aged adult client- The nurse should initially plan to take which action?
A | Provide brochures and handouts that the client can discuss with family members. |
B | Make a referral to outpatient resources for the client to receive the needed teaching- |
C | Establish the highest-priority learning needs and teach with each client or family contact. |
D | Answer the client’s questions and leave the extensive teaching for the nurse on the next shift. |
Question 15 |
The nurse is teaching newly hired NAs in a long term care facility. What information about skin care for older adults should the nurse emphasize?
A | Avoid skin products purchased for the resident by family that contain alcohol |
B | Apply perfumed skin lotions after the resident’s bath when the skin is still moist. |
C | When taking residents outdoors, apply sunscreen with. a sun protection factor of 8. |
D | Apply a strong detergent to clothing with food stains before sending to laundry. |
Question 16 |
The nurse teaches the 18-year-old diabetic client to perform self-administration of insulin. Each time the client makes even a small mistake, the client apologizes for getting it wrong- The client also profusely apologizes when making a minimal mistake in other activities. Based on Erikson’s developmental stages, the nurse concludes that the client may have an unresolved developmental task of which age period?
A | Infancy |
B | Early childhood |
C | School- aged childhood |
D | Adolescence |
Question 17 |
The 18 year-old tells the clinic nurse, “Thinking about college is stressing me out. I am used to getting A’s and B’s.” Which statement should the nurse reserve until a follow-up visit with the client?
A | “Expressing your feelings of anxiety to a friend or nurse helps you cope emotionally.” |
B | “I will check with the provider about prescribing paroxetine hydrochloride.” |
C | “Exercise increases the release of endorphins and can enhance your sense of well-being.” |
D | “If you like drawing or painting, register for an art class during your first semester in college.” |
Question 18 |
The nurse is completing an assessment on the 19 year - old female who participates in strenuous physical activities many hours daily. Which nursing assessment is most important?
A | Check for the presence of lordosis. |
B | Look for signs of an eating disorder. |
C | Examine muscles for increased mass. |
D | Ask about excessive bleeding with menses. |
Question 19 |
The nurse assesses that a hospitalized 20-year-old college student is anxious and not able to concentrate when given self-care instructions. Which intervention should the nurse implement to assist the client to deal with the stress of hospitalization?
A | Have one parent stay in the room when the client is anxious |
B | Encourage using a cell phone or Internet to talk with friends |
C | Contact psychiatry to discuss treatments for depression |
D | Reinforce multiple times how best to perform self-care |
Question 20 |
The nurse is obtaining nutrition information from four 20-year-old female clients. All have a BM] of 20 to 23. Which client requires the most immediate follow-up?
A | The client eats three nutritious meals a day with no snacks. |
B | The client limits her intake to 2500 calories per day. |
C | The client eats only fruits, vegetables, seeds, and nuts. |
D | The client eats three 350-calorie meals per day. |
Question 21 |
The nurse is assessing a healthy middle-aged adult. Which finding should the nurse expect?
A | Weight gain of 20 pounds in the past year |
B | Tactile fremitus is absent at the apex of the lungs |
C | Counts backward from 100 subtracting 7 each time |
D | Percussion shows heart is larger than at last checkup |
Question 22 |
The unsteady 20S-year-old client persists in ambulating to the bathroom alone despite being reminded to call for assistance. The nurse concludes that, according to Havighurst’s developmental tasks, this behavior reflects which need of the client?
A | Adjusting to physiological changes |
B | Independence |
C | Industry |
D | Integrity |
Question 23 |
The 32-year-old has been trying to get pregnant for the past 10 years- The client consults a family planning clinic after being unsuccessful with the calendar and basal body temperature methods in determining the time of ovulation. Which statement by the nurse would be most appropriate?
A | “Let me review the methods with you; maybe you have not been using them correctly.” |
B | “Have you considered that you might not be ovulating and that adoption is an option?” |
C | “Test kits are available that will detect an enzyme in cervical mucus that signals ovulation.” |
D | “If your spouse wears restrictive underwear, this can reduce your chance of conception.” |
Question 24 |
The nurse is caring for the 55-year-old client. Which statement by the client related to psychosocial changes should the nurse most definitely explore?
A | “I really don’t want to color my hair, even though it seems to be getting grayer every day.” |
B | “I can’t see as sharp anymore. I get frustrated by the small lettering on the medicine bottles.” |
C | “My husband and I have a more active sexual life now that the children are out of the house.” |
D | “My house is empty; I thought I’d be happy when my children finally left, but I feel lonely.” |
Question 25 |
The nurse is caring for the hospitalized 60-year-old client of Korean American ethnicity. Which statement, if made by the client. Correctly reflects the Korean American culture and should alert the nurse that intervention is needed?
A | “Since 60 is considered old age, I retired as expected. I‘m now worried about insurance.“ |
B | “Value is on youth and beauty; so little attention is paid to problems of the elderly.” |
C | “Fathers are expected to continue to contribute financially even for their adult children.” |
D | “Grandchildren are raised by the grandparents until school age, so we have a full house.” |
Question 26 |
The nurse is reviewing a laboratory report for a 61—year-old client. Which finding is most important for the nurse to address with the HCP?
A | Total cholesterol 180 mg/dL ; was 140 at age 50 |
B | Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) increased |
C | Alkaline phosphatase increased |
D | AST, ALT, and serum bilirubin increased |
Question 27 |
The 62-year-old client is diagnosed with osteoporosis. Which medication, if taken by the client, should the nurse identify as posing a secondary risk factor for the client’s osteoporosis?
A | Baby aspirin daily for past 4 years |
B | Escitalopram 5 mg daily for past 7 months |
C | Multivitamin for many years |
D | 10-year use of budesonide nostril spray bid |
Question 28 |
The 66-year—old client recently retired after working 30 years as a bank manager. Which statement to the nurse during a clinic visit best suggests that the client is achieving the developmental stage of “integrity versus despair”?
A | “Now that] have some free time, I want to treat my wife to a trip to Hawaii.” |
B | “I seem to be staying in bed longer and longer each day. There isn’t a reason to get up now.” |
C | “I am noticing the little aches and pains more; before I was just too busy to notice them-” |
D | “I get calls a few times a week for advice; my coworkers still value my suggestions.” |
Question 29 |
The 70-year-old client, hospitalized with chest pain, has been functioning independently at home. During the night, the client is found wandering in the hallway and states, “I can’t find my kitchen. I need a glass of milk.” What is the nurse’s best interpretation of the client’s behavior?
A | The client most likely had a stroke. |
B | The stress of being in unfamiliar surroundings has caused the client’s confusion. |
C | The decline in mental status, especially at night, is a normal part of aging. |
D | This is an insidious change, and it likely means the client has early dementia. |
Question 30 |
A 72-year-old woman reports she is sexually active. It is most important for the nurse to follow up by asking which question?
A | “Can you tell me more about your sexual partners?” |
B | “Have you tried artificial water-based lubricants?” |
C | “Are any medications having any drying effects?” |
D | “Do you need to use different sexual positions?” |
Question 31 |
When the office nurse completes height measurement for the 72-year-old female, the client says that she lost half an inch. Which explanation by the nurse is most accurate?
A | “As we age, we lose muscle mass.” |
B | “Bone loss is due to lack of exercise.” |
C | “As we age, we lose knee and hip cartilage.” |
D | “The vertebral column shortens with aging.” |
Question 32 |
The 73-year-old client receiving palliative care comments to the nurse, “I am such a feeble old man. My life is such a waste, and I hate having my wife see me like this. just wish I could die now.” Which statement is the nurse’s best interpretation of the client’s comments?
A | The client is feeling ashamed and ready to die. |
B | The client is feeling anxious knowing that he is terminally ill. |
C | The client is facing Havighurst’s developmental tasks of later maturity. |
D | The client is in Erikson’s developmental state of integrity versus despair. |
Question 33 |
The nurse assesses the 75-year-old client and concludes that some findings are not age—related changes and require further follow-up. Which report by the client represents a non-age-related finding that requires additional investigation?
A | Reports a decreased ability to see at night |
B | Reports seeing halos around lights |
C | Reports difficulty distinguishing some colors |
D | Reports diminished visual acuity |
Question 34 |
The experienced nurse is observing the new nurse recommend screening tests to the 80-year-old female client- Which recommendation made by the new nurse should the experienced nurse correct?
A | Hearing screen annually |
B | Colonoscopy every 10 years |
C | Pneurnocoecal vaccine annually |
D | Mammogram every I to 2 years |
Question 35 |
The nurse completes teaching for the 80-year-old female client. Which statement made by the client indicates further teaching is needed?
A | “Instead of using sodium seasonings, I plan to try one with herbs and lemon.” |
B | “Although I find my lavender-scented hand cream relaxing, I should not use it.” |
C | “I should place a towel on the floor outside my shower so I don’t slip when getting out.” |
D | “Rather than relying on laxatives, I should increase my intake of fruits and vegetables.” |
Question 36 |
The 83-year-old tells the nurse, “I’m not taking my medication because it’s too expensive and I really don’t need it anymore.” Before responding to the client, the nurse should consider that the most common reason for older clients to discontinue their medications is which of the following?
A | Information about the medications is insufficient. |
B | Medications alter the taste of foods that they enjoy. |
C | Fear they will live longer than their resources will last. |
D | They want the attention from others when they are sick. |
Question 37 |
The nurse is assessing the 84-year-old client during a routine health examination. Which finding should the nurse investigate first?
A | Decreased force of cough |
B | Impaired swallowing |
C | Urine light yellow in color |
D | Height decreased by ½ inch |
Question 38 |
The nurse is caring for the 87-year-old hospitalized client. The nurse should assess for which age- related changes to best protect the client from friction injury?
A | Increased tissue vascularity |
B | Increase in subcutaneous tissue |
C | Increased rate of cellular replacement |
D | Loss of skin thickness and elasticity |
Question 39 |
The nurse is assessing the 88-year-old client. Which finding should the nurse associate with the normal aging process?
A | Arm muscle strength 4 on a 0 to 5 scale |
B | Multiple fractures to the thoracic spine |
C | Ulnar deviation of the left hand fingers |
D | Slight pain in the right and left heel |
Question 40 |
The nurse is caring for the 94-year-old hospitalized client of the Muslim faith who is near death. Which nursing action is most inappropriate?
A | Spraying perfume in the client’s room |
B | Placing the client supine facing Mecca |
C | Offering grief counseling to family members |
D | Checking records for wishes of organ donation |
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