Nclex-Rn Practice Questions-Care Of Adult - Endocrine Disorders Part 1
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Question 1 |
A client is scheduled for several tests. Which test should be performed after the thyroid function tests?
A | Ultrasound of the carotid arteries |
B | EEG |
C | Chest X-ray |
D | Computed tomography scan of the head with contrast |
Question 2 |
The nurse is caring for a client who has been admitted with a suspected diagnosis of diabetes insipidus (DI). The nurse can expect which of the following tests to confirm the diagnosis?
A | Capillary blood glucose test |
B | Fluid deprivation test |
C | Serum ketone test |
D | Urine glucose test |
Question 3 |
The nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with diabetes insipidus. The nurse assesses the client carefully based on the understanding that which of the following complications must be prevented?
A | Decreased hemoglobin and hyponatremia |
B | Hypertension and bradycardia |
C | Hypotension and increased urine output |
D | High urine specific gravity and hypertension |
Question 4 |
A client with diabetes insipidus is receiving desmopressin (DDAVP). Immediate intervention is necessary if the client develops which adverse effect?
A | Rash and difficulty breathing |
B | Abdominal cramping |
C | Burning at the injection site |
D | Headache |
Question 5 |
The nurse is caring for a postoperative client who has had a surgical removal of the pituitary gland (hypophysectomy) and has developed diabetes insipidus (DI). The nurse is aware that if fluids are restricted, the client is at risk for which of the following?
A | Hypertension and bradycardia |
B | Glucosuria and weight gain |
C | Fluid overload and hyponatremia |
D | Severe dehydration and hypernatremia |
Question 6 |
The nurse is caring for a postoperative client who has undergone removal of the pituitary gland and tumor (hypophysectomy). The nurse is aware that the client may be at risk for:
A | hypernatremia and concentrated urine. |
B | dilute urine with a low specific gravity. |
C | hyponatremia and concentrated urine. |
D | dilute urine with a high specific gravity. |
Question 7 |
A nurse is caring for a client with diabetes insipidus. Which laboratory value is most important for the nurse to monitor?
A | Glucose |
B | Hemoglobin |
C | Creatinine |
D | Sodium |
Question 8 |
The nurse admits a client with a diagnosis of chronic adrenal insufficiency. The nurse is aware that adrenal insufficiency develops secondary to inadequate secretion of which pituitary hormone?
A | Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) |
B | Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) |
C | Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) |
D | Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) |
Question 9 |
The nurse is caring for a client who has experienced a cerebral vascular accident. The client is displaying oliguria and hyponatremia. The nurse suspects which of the following disorders?
A | Thyrotoxic crisis |
B | Diabetes insipidus |
C | Primary adrenocortical insufficiency |
D | Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) |
Question 10 |
A client is admitted with an adrenal malfunction. The nurse demonstrates an understanding of the function of the adrenal gland by identifying which hormones as being released by the adrenal medulla?
A | Epinephrine and norepinephrine |
B | Glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and androgens |
C | Thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and calcitonin |
D | Insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin |
Question 11 |
When the nurse is assessing a client who is being treated for hypothyroidism, which of these findings would indicate a potentially serious complication?
A | Chills, fever, and hypotension |
B | Palpitations and chest pain |
C | Decreased visual acuity |
D | Low platelet counts |
Question 12 |
The nurse is educating a client who is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. The nurse explains the importance of medication adherence and the potential effects of trauma, emergency surgery, or severe infection, which would place the client at risk for which condition?
A | Laryngeal spasms |
B | Malignant hyperthermia |
C | Myxedema coma |
D | Thyroid storm |
Question 13 |
The nurse is assessing a newly admitted client who is diagnosed with hypocalcemia. In order to assess the thyroid gland properly, which of the following techniques would the nurse use?
A | Have the client flex his neck onto his chest and cough while the nurse palpates the anterior neck with her fingertips. |
B | Place hands around the client’s neck, with the thumbs in the front of the neck, and gently massage the anterior neck. |
C | Ask the client to slightly flex his neck forward and toward the side being examined and then to swallow. |
D | Have the client hyperextend his neck and take slow, deep inhalations while the nurse palpates the neck with her fingertips. |
Question 14 |
The nurse is caring for a preoperative client with insulin-dependent diabetes. On the morning of surgery, the nurse should carry out which of the following nursing actions?
A | Clarify the insulin dose with the physician. |
B | Administer an oral antidiabetic agent. |
C | Administer an I.V. insulin infusion. |
D | Administer the full daily insulin dose. |
Question 15 |
When teaching a newly diagnosed diabetic client about diet and exercise, what is the most important information for the nurse to provide?
A | Exercise will increase blood glucose. |
B | Management of fluid, protein, and electrolytes |
C | Reduction of calorie intake before exercising |
D | Dietary goals, food consistency, and physical activity |
Question 16 |
The nurse is admitting a new client with a diagnosis of myxedema. During the initial assessment, the nurse is most concerned when the client presents with which findings?
A | Hypertension and weight loss |
B | Heat intolerance and emotional lability |
C | Corneal ulcerations and increased appetite |
D | Bradycardia and decreased intellectual function |
Question 17 |
The nurse is providing diabetic education to a group of clients with previously diagnosed diabetes. One of the clients asks what the advantage is in using a continuous subcutaneous pump. What is the best response by the nurse?
A | It is easy to use and requires very little education. |
B | It eliminates the potential for ketoacidosis. |
C | It is cheaper to use than traditional insulin injections. |
D | It allows flexibility in meal timing. |
Question 18 |
The nurse is teaching a client with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus about rotation of insulin injection sites. Which of the following is the correct information to give the client?
A | Rotation within one anatomic site is preferred. |
B | Rotation from one anatomic site to another is best. |
C | Rotation of sites does not affect speed of absorption. |
D | Rotation of sites does not prevent lipohypertrophy |
Question 19 |
The nurse is admitting a client with hypothyroidism. During the initial assessment, which of the following symptoms should the nurse be alert for?
A | Polyuria, polydipsia, and weight loss |
B | Heat intolerance, nervousness, weight loss, and hair loss |
C | Coarsening of facial features and extremity enlargement |
D | Tiredness, cold intolerance, weight gain, and constipation |
Question 20 |
A client presents with weight gain, intolerance to cold, constipation, and lethargy. Which test should the nurse expect to be ordered?
A | Liver function tests |
B | Hemoglobin A1C |
C | T4 and thyroid-stimulating hormone |
D | 24-hour urine free cortisol measurement |
Question 21 |
The nurse is admitting a client who is diagnosed with a new onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus. While performing the initial physical assessment and nursing history, the nurse expects to find which of the following signs/symptoms?
A | Polydipsia, polyuria, and weight loss |
B | Weight gain, tiredness, and bradycardia |
C | Irritability, diaphoresis, and tachycardia |
D | Diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss |
Question 22 |
The nurse is caring for a client who is 1 day postoperative from a total thyroidectomy. The nurse determines it is necessary to call the rapid response team (RRT) when the client displays which of the following?
A | Blood pressure of 150/92 mm Hg |
B | Harsh, high-pitched respiratory sounds |
C | Weak voice and/or hoarseness |
D | Decreased deep tendon reflexes |
Question 23 |
The nurse is providing diabetic education to a group of clients with newly diagnosed diabetes. One of the clients asks why the glycosylated hemoglobin blood test (A1C ) is done in addition to the daily capillary blood glucose tests. What is the best response by the nurse?
A | It provides hemoglobin level in addition to blood glucose level. |
B | It is used to assess long-term glycemic control. |
C | It provides information about a red blood cell’s life span. |
D | It provides information about serum protein and albumin. |
Question 24 |
The nurse is caring for a client with type 2 diabetes. One hour after taking an oral diabetic drug, the client becomes nauseated and vomits. Which nursing intervention should be taken?
A | Give the oral diabetic drug again. |
B | Give subcutaneous insulin and monitor blood glucose. |
C | Monitor blood glucose closely and look for signs of hypoglycemia. |
D | Monitor blood glucose and assess for symptoms of hyperglycemia. |
Question 25 |
The nurse is teaching a health promotion class in the community. Which of the following would the nurse encourage in order to prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus?
A | A fat-free diet and nonimpact exercise three times weekly |
B | Maintenance of ideal weight and participation in regular exercise |
C | A very low–carbohydrate diet with moderate amounts of fat |
D | Smoking cessation and a diet high in protein and fat |
Question 26 |
When caring for a client with a diagnosis of diabetes insipidus, which nursing intervention should be the priority?
A | Watching for signs and symptoms of septic shock |
B | Maintaining adequate fluid intake |
C | Checking weight every 3 days |
D | Monitoring urine for specific gravity greater than 1.030 |
Question 27 |
A nurse is teaching a client with diabetes mellitus about chronic complications associated with the disease. Which information should be included in the teaching?
A | Buy shoes that are a half size larger. |
B | Annual eye examinations are recommended. |
C | Excessive exercise increases insulin resistance. |
D | Podiatry visits are necessary every 5 years. |
Question 28 |
A client presents with diaphoresis, palpitations, jitters, and tachycardia approximately 1.5 hours after taking his regular morning insulin. What is the most appropriate intervention by the nurse?
A | Check blood glucose level and administer carbohydrates. |
B | Give nitroglycerin and perform an electrocardiogram (ECG). |
C | Call the physician for additional insulin order. |
D | Restrict salt, administer diuretics, and perform a paracentesis. |
Question 29 |
A 37-year-old client complains of muscle weakness, anorexia, and darkening of his skin. The nurse reviews his laboratory data and notes findings of low serum sodium and high serum potassium levels. The nurse recognizes that these signs and symptoms are associated with which condition?
A | Addison’s disease |
B | Cushing’s disease |
C | Diabetes insipidus |
D | Thyrotoxic crisis |
Question 30 |
The nurse has just completed an assessment of a client who has suffered a head injury. During the assessment, the client consumed three glasses of water. Additionally, the nurse noted the client’s output of a large amount of dilute urine with a specific gravity of less than 1.005. The nurse is aware that the client is at risk for which condition?
A | Diabetes mellitus |
B | Diabetes insipidus |
C | Diabetic ketoacidosis |
D | Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) |
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