Nclex Practice Questions – 1 File Download

As a nursing student, your success depends on how well you understand and use key ideas. Mark Klimek’s set of talks is an important tool that can help you understand these ideas. Let’s explore how Mark Klimek’s lectures 1 to 12 can enhance your nursing education and empower you on your journey to becoming a competent and confident nurse.

Building a Solid Foundation

Mark Klimek lectures 1 to 12 provide a comprehensive and organized approach to nursing content review. Starting with lecture 1 and going through lecture 12, each lesson covers important topics that nursing students will learn about throughout their program. The goal of the talks is to make complicated ideas easy to understand and remember.

Key Takeaways from Mark Klimek’s Lectures

Simplification of Complex Topics: Mark Klimek has a special way of breaking down hard nursing ideas into pieces that are easy to understand. His classes stress how important it is to understand the basic ideas, which makes it easy to understand even the most complicated subjects.

Memory Tricks and Mnemonics: Mark Klimek’s use of memory aids, mnemonics, and catchy lines is one thing that makes his talks stand out. These memory tricks will help you remember things well so that you can do well on tests and in clinical practice.

Practice Questions and Rationales: To reinforce your understanding, Mark Klimek Yellow Book provides practice questions at the end of each lecture. These questions test your ability to think critically and give you a chance to use what you’ve learned. The thorough explanations explain why some answers are right and others are wrong, which helps you learn even more.

Mark Klimek Audio: Learn on the Go

Mark Klimek also has audio recordings of his meetings that you can buy. This tool lets you learn while you’re on the go, so you can take advantage of your commute or other times when you can’t sit down with a book. The Mark klimek audio format ensures that you can review the content whenever and wherever it is convenient for you.

Mark Klimek Yellow Book: A Comprehensive Resource

Alongside the lectures and audio recordings, Mark Klimek’s Yellow Book is another valuable resource. This book is a companion to the talks. It covers the same information in a clear and straightforward way. It gives you a summary of each lesson, the most important things to remember, and more practice questions to help you understand.

Empowering Your Nursing Education

By incorporating Mark Klimek’s lectures 1 to 12, Mark klimek audio recordings, and the Mark Klimek Yellow Book into your nursing education, you gain a powerful arsenal of resources to excel in your studies. These tools not only help you understand and remember important nursing ideas, but they also help you build critical thinking skills and boost your confidence.

In the end, Mark Klimek’s classes, audio recordings, and Yellow Book are a complete and effective way for nursing students to learn key ideas. These tools help students become great nurses by making things easier to remember, giving them practice questions, and putting them in an audio format. Take advantage of these tools and let Mark Klimek show you how to be a great nurse.

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Daily Questions Bank 500 questions in total For Nclex

2112dogu — Sat, 02 Nov 2024 14:36:51 +0000

Daily Questions Bank 500 questions in total

1.A client is admitted with a hypertensive crisis. What medication is commonly used for the rapid reduction of blood pressure in this situation?

A) Amlodipine
B) Lisinopril
C) Nitroprusside
D) Metoprolol
Answer:
C) Nitroprusside

Rationale: Nitroprusside is a vasodilator that can be used for the rapid reduction of blood pressure in hypertensive crises.

2. A client is prescribed alendronate for osteoporosis. What is the primary nursing consideration when administering alendronate?

A) Administer the medication with a full glass of milk
B) Instruct the client to take the medication on an empty stomach
C) Encourage the client to lie down for 30 minutes after taking the medication
D) Administer the medication with a high-fiber meal
Answer:
C) Encourage the client to lie down for 30 minutes after taking the medication

Rationale: Alendronate can irritate the esophagus, and clients should remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication to minimize the risk of esophageal irritation.

3.A client is admitted with a pulmonary embolism and is prescribed enoxaparin (Lovenox). What laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely during enoxaparin therapy?

A) Platelet count
B) Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
C) International normalized ratio (INR)
D) Serum creatinine
Answer:
A) Platelet count

Rationale: Enoxaparin can cause thrombocytopenia, and monitoring platelet count is crucial to detect this potential adverse effect.

4. A client with rheumatoid arthritis is prescribed methotrexate. What is the primary nursing consideration during methotrexate therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of infection
B) Encourage the client to consume a high-fiber diet
C) Administer the medication with milk
D) Assess for increased blood pressure
Answer:
A) Monitor for signs of infection

Rationale: Methotrexate can suppress the immune system, increasing the risk of infection. The nurse should monitor for signs of infection during therapy.

5. A client is prescribed levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. What should the nurse instruct the client regarding levothyroxine administration?

A) Take the medication at bedtime
B) Take the medication with food
C) Take the medication on an empty stomach
D) Crush the medication and mix it with juice
Answer:
C) Take the medication on an empty stomach

Rationale: Levothyroxine is best absorbed on an empty stomach. Clients should take the medication at least 30 minutes before eating.

6.A client is admitted with severe pain and is prescribed morphine sulfate. What is the priority nursing action before administering morphine sulfate?

A) Assess the client’s pain level
B) Check the client’s blood pressure
C) Ensure that the client has signed a consent form
D) Evaluate the client’s respiratory rate
Answer:
B) Check the client’s blood pressure

Rationale: Morphine sulfate can cause vasodilation and may result in a drop in blood pressure. It is essential to check the blood pressure before administering the medication.

7.A client is prescribed clozapine for the treatment of schizophrenia. What is the primary concern that the nurse should monitor for with clozapine therapy?

A) Hypertension
B) Hyperglycemia
C) Agranulocytosis
D) Liver dysfunction
Answer:
C) Agranulocytosis

Rationale: Clozapine is associated with a risk of agranulocytosis, a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by a severe reduction in white blood cell count.

8.A client is prescribed metoprolol for hypertension. What assessment finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider before administering metoprolol?

A) Blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg
B) Heart rate of 60 beats per minute
C) Respiratory rate of 18 breaths per minute
D) Serum potassium level of 3.2 mEq/L
Answer:
D) Serum potassium level of 3.2 mEq/L

Rationale: Metoprolol is a beta-blocker, and low serum potassium levels can increase the risk of cardiac dysrhythmias. The nurse should report this finding.

9.A client is prescribed loratadine for allergic rhinitis. What education should the nurse provide regarding loratadine?

A) Take the medication with a full glass of water
B) Expect immediate relief of symptoms
C) Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery while taking the medication
D) Take the medication on an empty stomach
Answer:
C) Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery while taking the medication

Rationale: Loratadine can cause drowsiness in some individuals. Clients should be advised to avoid activities that require alertness until they know how the medication affects them.

10.A client with type 1 diabetes is prescribed regular insulin. When is the peak action of regular insulin?

A) 30 minutes after administration
B) 1 to 2 hours after administration
C) 4 to 6 hours after administration
D) 8 to 12 hours after administration
Answer:
B) 1 to 2 hours after administration

Rationale: Regular insulin has a peak action 1 to 2 hours after administration. It is important to coordinate insulin administration with mealtime.

11.A client is prescribed a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). What education should the nurse provide regarding PPIs?

A) Take the medication with antacids
B) Administer the medication on an empty stomach
C) Expect immediate relief of symptoms
D) Take the medication 30 minutes before meals
Answer:
B) Administer the medication on an empty stomach

Rationale: Proton pump inhibitors are most effective when taken on an empty stomach, usually 30 minutes before meals.

12.A client is admitted with pneumonia and is prescribed levofloxacin. What education should the nurse provide regarding levofloxacin?

A) Take the medication with antacids
B) Avoid sunlight exposure
C) Take the medication on an empty stomach
D) Discontinue the medication if symptoms improve
Answer:
B) Avoid sunlight exposure

Rationale: Levofloxacin can increase sensitivity to sunlight. Clients should be advised to avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight and use sunscreen.

13.A client with type 2 diabetes is prescribed glargine insulin. When is the peak action of glargine insulin?

A) 30 minutes after administration
B) 1 to 2 hours after administration
C) 4 to 6 hours after administration
D) There is no distinct peak action
Answer:
D) There is no distinct peak action

Rationale: Glargine insulin has a gradual and consistent release, providing a continuous, basal level of insulin with no distinct peak.

14.A client is prescribed nitroglycerin for angina. What education should the nurse provide regarding nitroglycerin administration?

A) Take the medication with antacids
B) Administer the medication on an empty stomach
C) Use the medication prophylactically before engaging in activities that may cause angina
D) Store the medication in a cool, dry place
Answer:
C) Use the medication prophylactically before engaging in activities that may cause angina

Rationale: Nitroglycerin can be used prophylactically before engaging in activities that may trigger angina, such as exercise.

15.A client is admitted with acute pancreatitis. What dietary intervention is appropriate for managing acute pancreatitis?

A) Low-fat diet
B) High-fiber diet
C) High-protein diet
D) Low-carbohydrate diet
Answer:
A) Low-fat diet

Rationale: A low-fat diet is appropriate for managing acute pancreatitis to reduce stimulation of the pancreas and minimize fat digestion.

16.A client is receiving intravenous (IV) furosemide for heart failure. What laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely during furosemide therapy?

A) Serum potassium level
B) Serum sodium level
C) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
D) Serum creatinine level
Answer:
A) Serum potassium level

Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can lead to hypokalemia. Monitoring potassium levels is crucial to prevent complications.

17.A client is admitted with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering bronchodilators as ordered
B) Monitoring blood glucose levels every 8 hours
C) Encouraging fluid restriction
D) Administering corticosteroids as ordered
Answer:
A) Administering bronchodilators as ordered

Rationale: Bronchodilators are the priority in managing exacerbations of COPD to relieve bronchospasms and improve airflow.

18.A client is prescribed enalapril for hypertension. What laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely during enalapril therapy?

A) Serum potassium level
B) Serum calcium level
C) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
D) Serum sodium level
Answer:
A) Serum potassium level

Rationale: Enalapril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that can lead to hyperkalemia. Monitoring potassium levels is crucial to prevent complications.

19.A client with heart failure is prescribed spironolactone. What dietary education should the nurse provide regarding spironolactone?

A) Increase sodium intake
B) Avoid foods high in potassium
C) Consume a diet rich in magnesium
D) Limit fluid intake
Answer:
B) Avoid foods high in potassium

Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, and clients should avoid foods high in potassium to prevent hyperkalemia.

20.A client is prescribed a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for pain relief. What education should the nurse provide regarding NSAID use?

A) Take the medication on an empty stomach
B) Increase fluid intake while on the medication
C) Expect immediate pain relief
D) Monitor for signs of gastrointestinal bleeding
Answer:
D) Monitor for signs of gastrointestinal bleeding

Rationale: NSAIDs can increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. Clients should be educated to monitor for signs such as melena or
Question:
A client with heart failure is prescribed furosemide (Lasix). Which assessment finding indicates that the medication is effective?

A) Increased blood pressure
B) Decreased urine output
C) Weight gain
D) Reduced edema

Answer:
D) Reduced edema

Rationale:
Furosemide is a loop diuretic used to reduce fluid volume and treat edema in heart failure. Therefore, a reduction in edema indicates the medication is effective.

Question:
The nurse is caring for a client with pneumonia. Which nursing intervention is the priority?

A) Administering pain medication
B) Encouraging deep breathing and coughing
C) Providing a warm blanket
D) Checking vital signs every 4 hours

Answer:
B) Encouraging deep breathing and coughing

Rationale:
In pneumonia, promoting effective airway clearance is a priority. Deep breathing and coughing help prevent complications such as atelectasis and pneumonia.

Question:
A client is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. What is the most important aspect of the client’s self-care management?

A) Regular exercise
B) Blood glucose monitoring
C) Insulin administration
D) Dietary restrictions

Answer:
C) Insulin administration

Rationale:
Insulin administration is crucial for managing type 1 diabetes as it helps regulate blood glucose levels. Without insulin, blood glucose can rise to dangerous levels.

Question:
A postoperative client is experiencing severe pain. What is the most appropriate action for the nurse?

A) Administering pain medication as ordered
B) Waiting for the client to request pain relief
C) Encouraging distraction techniques
D) Documenting the client’s pain level

Answer:
A) Administering pain medication as ordered

Rationale:
Pain management is essential for postoperative care. Administering pain medication as ordered helps alleviate discomfort and promotes healing.

Question:
A client with a history of hypertension is prescribed lisinopril. The nurse should instruct the client to report which potential side effect?

A) Dry cough
B) Weight gain
C) Increased appetite
D) Constipation

Answer:
A) Dry cough

Rationale:
Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, can cause a persistent dry cough. If a client experiences this side effect, it should be reported to the healthcare provider.

Question:
A client with chronic renal failure is receiving peritoneal dialysis. During the exchange, the nurse notes that the outflow is less than the inflow. What is the appropriate nursing action?

A) Reposition the client
B) Check for kinks in the tubing
C) Increase the dialysate infusion rate
D) Continue the procedure; this is normal

Answer:
B) Check for kinks in the tubing

Rationale:
A decrease in outflow during peritoneal dialysis may indicate a kink in the tubing. Checking for kinks is the appropriate initial action.

Question:
The nurse is caring for a client with a nasogastric tube. What is the correct method for verifying the placement of the tube?

A) Check the pH of the aspirate
B) Auscultate for a rush of air
C) Measure the length of the exposed tube
D) Observe for tube movement during coughing

Answer:
A) Check the pH of the aspirate

Rationale:
Checking the pH of the aspirate (gastric pH is typically acidic) is the most accurate method to confirm the placement of a nasogastric tube.

Question:
A client is receiving heparin therapy. What laboratory value should the nurse monitor to assess the effectiveness of heparin?

A) Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
B) International normalized ratio (INR)
C) Platelet count
D) Prothrombin time (PT)

Answer:
A) Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)

Rationale:
Heparin’s effectiveness is monitored by assessing the aPTT. The therapeutic range for aPTT is usually 1.5 to 2 times the control value.

Question:
The nurse is caring for a client with a seizure disorder. During a seizure, what is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering antiepileptic medication
B) Protecting the client from injury
C) Placing a tongue depressor in the mouth
D) Restraining the client’s limbs

Answer:
B) Protecting the client from injury

Rationale:
The priority during a seizure is to protect the client from injury. This involves moving nearby objects, cushioning the head, and preventing falls.

Question:
A pregnant client reports severe abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. The nurse suspects ectopic pregnancy. What should the nurse prioritize?

A) Encouraging rest and relaxation
B) Administering pain medication
C) Preparing for surgery
D) Offering emotional support

Answer:
C) Preparing for surgery

Rationale:
Ectopic pregnancy is a medical emergency that requires surgical intervention. Promptly preparing for surgery is the priority to prevent life-threatening complications.

Question:
A client with heart failure is prescribed furosemide (Lasix). Which assessment finding indicates that the medication is effective?

A) Increased blood pressure
B) Decreased urine output
C) Weight gain
D) Reduced edema

Answer:
D) Reduced edema

Rationale:
Furosemide is a loop diuretic used to reduce fluid volume and treat edema in heart failure. Therefore, a reduction in edema indicates the medication is effective.

Question:
The nurse is caring for a client with pneumonia. Which nursing intervention is the priority?

A) Administering pain medication
B) Encouraging deep breathing and coughing
C) Providing a warm blanket
D) Checking vital signs every 4 hours

Answer:
B) Encouraging deep breathing and coughing

Rationale:
In pneumonia, promoting effective airway clearance is a priority. Deep breathing and coughing help prevent complications such as atelectasis and pneumonia.

Question:
A client is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. What is the most important aspect of the client’s self-care management?

A) Regular exercise
B) Blood glucose monitoring
C) Insulin administration
D) Dietary restrictions

Answer:
C) Insulin administration

Rationale:
Insulin administration is crucial for managing type 1 diabetes as it helps regulate blood glucose levels. Without insulin, blood glucose can rise to dangerous levels.

Question:
A postoperative client is experiencing severe pain. What is the most appropriate action for the nurse?

A) Administering pain medication as ordered
B) Waiting for the client to request pain relief
C) Encouraging distraction techniques
D) Documenting the client’s pain level

Answer:
A) Administering pain medication as ordered

Rationale:
Pain management is essential for postoperative care. Administering pain medication as ordered helps alleviate discomfort and promotes healing.

Question:
A client with a history of hypertension is prescribed lisinopril. The nurse should instruct the client to report which potential side effect?

A) Dry cough
B) Weight gain
C) Increased appetite
D) Constipation

Answer:
A) Dry cough

Rationale:
Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, can cause a persistent dry cough. If a client experiences this side effect, it should be reported to the healthcare provider.

Question:
A client with chronic renal failure is receiving peritoneal dialysis. During the exchange, the nurse notes that the outflow is less than the inflow. What is the appropriate nursing action?

A) Reposition the client
B) Check for kinks in the tubing
C) Increase the dialysate infusion rate
D) Continue the procedure; this is normal

Answer:
B) Check for kinks in the tubing

Rationale:
A decrease in outflow during peritoneal dialysis may indicate a kink in the tubing. Checking for kinks is the appropriate initial action.

Question:
The nurse is caring for a client with a nasogastric tube. What is the correct method for verifying the placement of the tube?

A) Check the pH of the aspirate
B) Auscultate for a rush of air
C) Measure the length of the exposed tube
D) Observe for tube movement during coughing

Answer:
A) Check the pH of the aspirate

Rationale:
Checking the pH of the aspirate (gastric pH is typically acidic) is the most accurate method to confirm the placement of a nasogastric tube.

Question:
A client is receiving heparin therapy. What laboratory value should the nurse monitor to assess the effectiveness of heparin?

A) Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
B) International normalized ratio (INR)
C) Platelet count
D) Prothrombin time (PT)

Answer:
A) Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)

Rationale:
Heparin’s effectiveness is monitored by assessing the aPTT. The therapeutic range for aPTT is usually 1.5 to 2 times the control value.

Question:
The nurse is caring for a client with a seizure disorder. During a seizure, what is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering antiepileptic medication
B) Protecting the client from injury
C) Placing a tongue depressor in the mouth
D) Restraining the client’s limbs

Answer:
B) Protecting the client from injury

Rationale:
The priority during a seizure is to protect the client from injury. This involves moving nearby objects, cushioning the head, and preventing falls.

Question:
A pregnant client reports severe abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. The nurse suspects ectopic pregnancy. What should the nurse prioritize?

A) Encouraging rest and relaxation
B) Administering pain medication
C) Preparing for surgery
D) Offering emotional support

Answer:
C) Preparing for surgery

Rationale:
Ectopic pregnancy is a medical emergency that requires surgical intervention. Promptly preparing for surgery is the priority to prevent life-threatening complications.

Question:
A client with heart failure is prescribed digoxin. The nurse should monitor for which sign of digoxin toxicity?

A) Hypertension
B) Bradycardia
C) Hyperactivity
D) Increased appetite

Answer:
B) Bradycardia

Rationale:
Bradycardia is a common sign of digoxin toxicity. The nurse should monitor the client’s heart rate and report any significant changes.

Question:
A client is receiving intravenous (IV) vancomycin. What action should the nurse take to prevent complications?

A) Administer the medication rapidly to ensure effectiveness
B) Monitor the IV site for redness and swelling
C) Encourage the client to ambulate frequently
D) Increase fluid intake to flush out the medication

Answer:
B) Monitor the IV site for redness and swelling

Rationale:
Vancomycin is known to cause red man syndrome, an infusion-related reaction. Monitoring the IV site for redness and swelling is essential.

Question:
A client is diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering pain medication
B) Elevating the affected leg
C) Applying warm compresses
D) Initiating anticoagulant therapy

Answer:
D) Initiating anticoagulant therapy

Rationale:
The priority in managing DVT is to prevent the formation of additional clots and complications. Initiating anticoagulant therapy is essential.

Question:
A client with diabetes is admitted with hyperglycemia. What intervention should the nurse prioritize?

A) Administering insulin as ordered
B) Restricting fluid intake
C) Encouraging a high-carbohydrate diet
D) Administering an oral antidiabetic medication

Answer:
A) Administering insulin as ordered

Rationale:
Insulin administration is the primary intervention for managing hyperglycemia in clients with diabetes.

Question:
A client is prescribed warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. What vitamin should the nurse instruct the client to consume consistently?

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin C
C) Vitamin D
D) Vitamin K

Answer:
D) Vitamin K

Rationale:
Vitamin K can interfere with the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. Consistent intake of vitamin K is important for maintaining therapeutic levels.

Question:
A client is diagnosed with acute renal failure. What dietary restriction is important for the nurse to emphasize?

A) Low protein
B) Low sodium
C) Low fat
D) Low carbohydrates

Answer:
A) Low protein

Rationale:
Restricting protein intake helps reduce the accumulation of waste products in clients with acute renal failure.

Question:
The nurse is caring for a client receiving continuous enteral nutrition via a gastrostomy tube. What is the best method for checking the placement of the tube?

A) Auscultating for bowel sounds
B) Measuring the length of the tube
C) Checking the pH of gastric aspirate
D) Observing the client’s tolerance to feeding

Answer:
C) Checking the pH of gastric aspirate

Rationale:
Checking the pH of gastric aspirate is the most accurate method to verify the placement of an enteral feeding tube.

Question:
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is prescribed bronchodilator medication. What should the nurse instruct the client about the use of bronchodilators?

A) Use the medication only during exacerbations
B) Take the medication on an empty stomach
C) Rinse the mouth after each use to prevent thrush
D) Stop the medication when symptoms improve

Answer:
C) Rinse the mouth after each use to prevent thrush

Rationale:
Rinsing the mouth after using bronchodilators helps prevent the development of oral thrush, a common side effect.

Question:
A postoperative client is at risk for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). What nursing intervention is essential for preventing DVT?

A) Applying cold compresses to the affected leg
B) Encouraging the client to dangle the legs at the bedside
C) Administering prophylactic anticoagulant therapy
D) Elevating the legs above heart level

Answer:
C) Administering prophylactic anticoagulant therapy

Rationale:
Prophylactic anticoagulant therapy is essential in preventing deep vein thrombosis in postoperative clients at risk.

Question:
A client is prescribed metformin for type 2 diabetes. What should the nurse monitor to assess the effectiveness of metformin therapy?

A) Blood glucose levels
B) Serum potassium levels
C) Blood pressure
D) Urinary output

Answer:
A) Blood glucose levels

Rationale:
Monitoring blood glucose levels is crucial for assessing the effectiveness of metformin in managing type 2 diabetes.

Question:
A client with pneumonia is prescribed antibiotics. What is the most important nursing intervention related to antibiotic therapy?

A) Encouraging fluid intake
B) Administering the medication as prescribed
C) Monitoring vital signs every 8 hours
D) Providing a cough suppressant

Answer:
B) Administering the medication as prescribed

Rationale:
Administering antibiotics as prescribed is crucial to effectively treat the infection and prevent the development of antibiotic-resistant strains.

Question:
A client with heart failure is on a sodium-restricted diet. What food item should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?

A) Fresh fruits
B) Whole-grain bread
C) Canned soup
D) Lean meat

Answer:
C) Canned soup

Rationale:
Canned soup often contains high levels of sodium, which can be detrimental for clients on a sodium-restricted diet.

Question:
A client is scheduled for a lumbar puncture. What position should the nurse instruct the client to assume during the procedure?

A) Prone
B) Supine
C) Side-lying with knees drawn to the chest
D) Sitting on the edge of the bed

Answer:
D) Sitting on the edge of the bed

Rationale:
The sitting position is commonly used for lumbar punctures, allowing for easier access to the spinal canal.

Question:
A client is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. What medication is commonly prescribed for this condition?

A) Levothyroxine
B) Methimazole
C) Propylthiouracil
D) Liothyronine

Answer:
A) Levothyroxine

Rationale:
Levothyroxine is a synthetic form of thyroid hormone and is commonly prescribed to replace deficient thyroid hormone in hypothyroidism.

Question:
The nurse is caring for a client with a nasogastric tube. What is the appropriate action if the tube becomes accidentally dislodged?

A) Reinsert the tube immediately
B) Leave the tube out and notify the healthcare provider
C) Clamp the tube and assess for respiratory distress
D) Tape the tube securely in place

Answer:
B) Leave the tube out and notify the healthcare provider

Rationale:
If a nasogastric tube becomes accidentally dislodged, the nurse should leave it out and notify the healthcare provider to assess for appropriate reinsertion.

Question:
A client with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is prescribed oxygen therapy. What nursing intervention is important to prevent oxygen toxicity?

A) Administering oxygen continuously
B) Adjusting the oxygen flow rate as ordered
C) Providing oxygen through a nasal cannula
D) Encouraging deep breathing exercises

Answer:
B) Adjusting the oxygen flow rate as ordered

Rationale:
Adjusting the oxygen flow rate as ordered prevents oxygen toxicity and ensures the client receives the prescribed amount of oxygen.

Question:
A client is admitted with a suspected gastrointestinal bleed. What assessment finding indicates a potential complication of this condition?

A) Hypotension
B) Bradycardia
C) Hyperactive bowel sounds
D) Increased urine output

Answer:
A) Hypotension

Rationale:
Hypotension may indicate severe blood loss in a client with a gastrointestinal bleed, requiring immediate intervention.

Question:
A client is receiving chemotherapy and reports severe nausea. What nursing intervention is most appropriate?

A) Administering an antiemetic as prescribed
B) Encouraging the client to eat a large meal
C) Offering high-fat foods to stimulate appetite
D) Administering pain medication

Answer:
A) Administering an antiemetic as prescribed

Rationale:
Administering an antiemetic is the priority intervention for managing severe nausea in a client undergoing chemotherapy.

Question:
A client is admitted with suspected appendicitis. What position is most comfortable for a client experiencing pain from appendicitis?

A) Supine with legs straight
B) Side-lying with knees bent
C) Prone with a pillow under the abdomen
D) Semi-Fowler’s position

Answer:
B) Side-lying with knees bent

Rationale:
The side-lying position with knees bent is often more comfortable for a client with appendicitis, as it reduces tension on the abdominal muscles.

Question:
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of falls. What safety intervention is essential for preventing falls in this client?

A) Keeping the room well-lit
B) Encouraging the use of slip-on shoes
C) Restraining the client in bed
D) Encouraging independent ambulation

Answer:
A) Keeping the room well-lit

Rationale:
Keeping the room well-lit is essential for preventing falls in clients with a history of falls, as it improves visibility and reduces the risk of tripping.

Question:
A client with chronic kidney disease is prescribed a phosphate binder. What is the purpose of this medication?

A) Increase phosphate absorption
B) Bind to calcium in the intestines
C) Promote phosphate excretion
D) Reduce potassium levels

Answer:
B) Bind to calcium in the intestines

Rationale:
Phosphate binders help prevent the absorption of phosphate by binding to dietary phosphate in the intestines, forming an insoluble compound that is excreted.

Question:
A client with hypertension is prescribed a diuretic. What electrolyte imbalance should the nurse monitor for with diuretic therapy?

A) Hyperkalemia
B) Hyponatremia
C) Hypocalcemia
D) Hypercalcemia

Answer:
B) Hyponatremia

Rationale:
Diuretics can lead to sodium loss, resulting in hyponatremia. Monitoring sodium levels is crucial to prevent complications.

Question:
A client is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). What complication is associated with the administration of TPN?

A) Hypernatremia
B) Hypoglycemia
C) Catheter-related bloodstream infection
D) Respiratory alkalosis

Answer:
C) Catheter-related bloodstream infection

Rationale:
Catheter-related bloodstream infections are a potential complication of TPN administration. Strict aseptic technique is essential to prevent infections.

Question:
A client is prescribed warfarin (Coumadin) for anticoagulation. What should the nurse instruct the client about dietary intake of vitamin K?

A) Increase vitamin K-rich foods
B) Avoid foods high in vitamin K
C) Take vitamin K supplements daily
D) Consume vitamin K with the medication

Answer:
B) Avoid foods high in vitamin K

Rationale:
Vitamin K-rich foods can interfere with the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. Clients on warfarin should maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K.

Question:
A client with heart failure is prescribed spironolactone. What is the primary therapeutic effect of this medication?

A) Decrease in blood pressure
B) Diuresis and fluid loss
C) Inhibition of aldosterone
D) Increased cardiac contractility

Answer:
C) Inhibition of aldosterone

Rationale:
Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that inhibits aldosterone, leading to sodium and water excretion while conserving potassium.

Question:
A client with diabetes is prescribed regular insulin and NPH insulin. What is the appropriate nursing action when administering these insulins?

A) Administer them in separate syringes
B) Mix them in the same syringe
C) Administer the regular insulin first
D) Administer the NPH insulin first

Answer:
C) Administer the regular insulin first

Rationale:
Regular insulin has a quicker onset, and administering it before NPH insulin helps prevent contamination of the regular insulin vial with NPH insulin.

Question:
A client is admitted with suspected meningitis. What isolation precautions should the nurse implement?

A) Contact precautions
B) Droplet precautions
C) Airborne precautions
D) Standard precautions

Answer:
B) Droplet precautions

Rationale:
Meningitis is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets. Implementing droplet precautions helps prevent the spread of the infection.

Question:
A client is receiving a blood transfusion and experiences shortness of breath and chest pain. What is the nurse’s immediate action?

A) Stop the transfusion
B) Increase the transfusion rate
C) Administer pain medication
D) Encourage deep breathing exercises

Answer:
A) Stop the transfusion

Rationale:
Shortness of breath and chest pain during a blood transfusion may indicate a transfusion reaction. Stopping the transfusion is the immediate action.

Question:
A client is prescribed isoniazid (INH) for the treatment of tuberculosis. What should the nurse instruct the client to avoid while taking INH?

A) Dairy products
B) Tyramine-containing foods
C) Alcohol
D) High-fiber foods

Answer:
C) Alcohol

Rationale:
Isoniazid (INH) can cause hepatotoxicity, and alcohol can exacerbate this risk. Clients should be advised to avoid alcohol while taking INH.

Question:
A client is admitted with an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. What dietary restriction is important for managing this condition?

A) High-fiber diet
B) Low-residue diet
C) High-protein diet
D) Low-fat diet

Answer:
B) Low-residue diet

Rationale:
A low-residue diet helps reduce bowel irritation and promotes healing in clients with ulcerative colitis during exacerbations.

Question:
A client is diagnosed with pernicious anemia. What dietary supplement is essential for managing this condition?

A) Iron
B) Folic acid
C) Vitamin B12
D) Vitamin C

Answer:
C) Vitamin B12

Rationale:
Pernicious anemia is characterized by a deficiency of vitamin B12. Treatment involves vitamin B12 supplementation.

Question:
A client with a history of seizures is prescribed phenytoin. What is the critical laboratory value that the nurse should monitor during phenytoin therapy?

A) Serum sodium
B) Serum potassium
C) Serum calcium
D) Serum phenytoin levels

Answer:
D) Serum phenytoin levels

Rationale:
Monitoring serum phenytoin levels is crucial to ensure therapeutic drug levels and prevent toxicity.

Question:
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of acetaminophen. What intervention is essential in the early management of acetaminophen toxicity?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering naloxone
C) Administering vitamin K
D) Administering acetylcysteine

Answer:
D) Administering acetylcysteine

Rationale:
Acetylcysteine is the antidote for acetaminophen toxicity and should be administered as early as possible.

Question:
A client with heart failure is prescribed a beta-blocker. What is the primary therapeutic effect of beta-blockers in heart failure?

A) Vasodilation
B) Increased heart rate
C) Improved contractility
D) Decreased heart rate and workload

Answer:
D) Decreased heart rate and workload

Rationale:
Beta-blockers reduce heart rate and workload, leading to improved cardiac efficiency in heart failure.

Question:
A client with diabetes mellitus is prescribed metoprolol. What education should the nurse provide regarding blood glucose monitoring?

A) Monitor blood glucose only in the morning
B) Monitor blood glucose before meals and at bedtime
C) Monitor blood glucose after meals only
D) Monitor blood glucose once a week

Answer:
B) Monitor blood glucose before meals and at bedtime

Rationale:
Regular blood glucose monitoring, including before meals and at bedtime, is essential for managing diabetes and adjusting medications.

Question:
A client with chronic kidney disease is prescribed erythropoietin. What is the expected therapeutic outcome of erythropoietin therapy?

A) Increased blood pressure
B) Decreased hemoglobin levels
C) Improved iron absorption
D) Increased red blood cell production

Answer:
D) Increased red blood cell production

Rationale:
Erythropoietin stimulates the production of red blood cells and is used to treat anemia in chronic kidney disease.

Question:
A client is prescribed digoxin for heart failure. What is the therapeutic serum level of digoxin?

A) 0.1 to 0.5 ng/mL
B) 0.5 to 2.0 ng/mL
C) 2.0 to 5.0 ng/mL
D) 5.0 to 10.0 ng/mL

Answer:
B) 0.5 to 2.0 ng/mL

Rationale:
The therapeutic serum level of digoxin is 0.5 to 2.0 ng/mL. Levels above this range can lead to toxicity.

Question:
A client with multiple sclerosis is prescribed baclofen. What is the primary purpose of baclofen in the management of multiple sclerosis?

A) Reduce spasticity
B) Increase mobility
C) Improve cognitive function
D) Relieve pain

Answer:
A) Reduce spasticity

Rationale:
Baclofen is a muscle relaxant used to reduce spasticity in clients with conditions such as multiple sclerosis.

Question:
A client is prescribed aspirin for pain relief. What instruction should the nurse provide regarding the use of aspirin?

A) Take aspirin on an empty stomach
B) Take aspirin with a full glass of milk
C) Avoid taking aspirin with other NSAIDs
D) Crush aspirin tablets before swallowing

Answer:
C) Avoid taking aspirin with other NSAIDs

Rationale:
Combining aspirin with other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.

Question:
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is prescribed ipratropium (Atrovent). What is the primary therapeutic effect of ipratropium?

A) Bronchodilation
B) Mucus thinning
C) Increased respiratory rate
D) Alveolar recruitment

Answer:
A) Bronchodilation

Rationale:
Ipratropium is an anticholinergic bronchodilator used to relieve bronchospasms in clients with COPD.

Question:
A client is prescribed warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. What education should the nurse provide regarding vitamin K intake?

A) Increase vitamin K-rich foods
B) Avoid foods high in vitamin K
C) Take vitamin K supplements daily
D) Consume vitamin K with the medication

Answer:
B) Avoid foods high in vitamin K

Rationale:
Warfarin’s anticoagulant effect can be affected by vitamin K. Clients on warfarin should maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K and avoid sudden changes.

Question:
A client is prescribed allopurinol for the treatment of gout. What is the primary therapeutic effect of allopurinol?

A) Increased uric acid excretion
B) Inhibition of uric acid production
C) Enhanced kidney function
D) Reduction of pain and inflammation

Answer:
B) Inhibition of uric acid production

Rationale:
Allopurinol inhibits the enzyme responsible for uric acid production, thereby reducing serum uric acid levels in clients with gout.

Question:
A client is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering insulin as ordered
B) Monitoring blood glucose levels every 8 hours
C) Encouraging oral intake of fluids and electrolytes
D) Administering bicarbonate to correct acidosis

Answer:
A) Administering insulin as ordered

Rationale:
Insulin administration is the priority in managing diabetic ketoacidosis to promote glucose utilization and decrease ketone formation.

Question:
A client is prescribed isosorbide dinitrate for angina. What is the primary therapeutic effect of this medication?

A) Increased heart rate
B) Vasodilation of coronary arteries
C) Inhibition of platelet aggregation
D) Enhanced myocardial contractility

Answer:
B) Vasodilation of coronary arteries

Rationale:
Isosorbide dinitrate is a vasodilator that primarily dilates coronary arteries, improving blood flow to the myocardium and reducing angina.

Question:
A client is receiving continuous tube feeding. What is the most appropriate nursing action to prevent aspiration during tube feeding?

A) Elevate the head of the bed to at least 30 degrees
B) Administer medications with the feeding tube
C) Infuse the feeding at a rapid rate
D) Bolus feedings during the day

Answer:
A) Elevate the head of the bed to at least 30 degrees

Rationale:
Elevating the head of the bed to at least 30 degrees helps prevent aspiration during tube feedings by reducing the risk of regurgitation.

Question:
A client is admitted with suspected pancreatitis. What dietary restriction is essential for managing acute pancreatitis?

A) Low-fat diet
B) High-fiber diet
C) Low-protein diet
D) High-carbohydrate diet

Answer:
A) Low-fat diet

Rationale:
A low-fat diet is crucial in managing acute pancreatitis, as it reduces stimulation of the pancreas and minimizes the risk of exacerbation.

Question:
A client is receiving heparin therapy. What laboratory value should the nurse monitor to assess the effectiveness of heparin?

A) Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
B) International normalized ratio (INR)
C) Platelet count
D) Prothrombin time (PT)

Answer:
A) Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)

Rationale:
The effectiveness of heparin is monitored by assessing the aPTT. The therapeutic range is usually 1.5 to 2 times the control value.

Question:
A client is admitted with a suspected gastrointestinal bleed. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering pain medication
B) Monitoring vital signs every 4 hours
C) Providing a high-fiber diet
D) Administering a proton pump inhibitor

Answer:
B) Monitoring vital signs every 4 hours

Rationale:
The priority in a suspected gastrointestinal bleed is to monitor vital signs frequently to assess for signs of hypovolemic shock.

Question:
A client is prescribed ranitidine (Zantac). What is the primary therapeutic effect of ranitidine?

A) Stimulation of gastric acid secretion
B) Inhibition of gastric acid secretion
C) Promotion of gastric motility
D) Prevention of gastric ulcer formation

Answer:
B) Inhibition of gastric acid secretion

Rationale:
Ranitidine is an H2 receptor antagonist that inhibits gastric acid secretion, providing relief from conditions such as peptic ulcers.

Question:
A client with rheumatoid arthritis is prescribed methotrexate. What should the nurse instruct the client regarding folic acid supplementation?

A) Take folic acid with methotrexate
B) Avoid folic acid supplementation
C) Take folic acid only on alternate days
D) Take folic acid before bedtime

Answer:
A) Take folic acid with methotrexate

Rationale:
Folic acid supplementation is often prescribed with methotrexate to mitigate its adverse effects. The two are usually taken on separate days

Question:
A client is prescribed clopidogrel (Plavix). What is the primary therapeutic effect of clopidogrel?

A) Anticoagulation
B) Platelet inhibition
C) Vasodilation
D) Reduction of cholesterol levels

Answer:
B) Platelet inhibition

Rationale:
Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication that inhibits platelet aggregation, reducing the risk of clot formation.

Question:
A client with heart failure is prescribed furosemide (Lasix). What electrolyte imbalance should the nurse monitor for with furosemide therapy?

A) Hyperkalemia
B) Hyponatremia
C) Hypercalcemia
D) Hypomagnesemia

Answer:
D) Hypomagnesemia

Rationale:
Furosemide can lead to hypomagnesemia. Monitoring magnesium levels is crucial to prevent complications.

Question:
A client with type 1 diabetes is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering insulin as ordered
B) Monitoring blood glucose levels every 8 hours
C) Encouraging oral intake of fluids and electrolytes
D) Administering bicarbonate to correct acidosis

Answer:
A) Administering insulin as ordered

Rationale:
Insulin administration is the priority in managing diabetic ketoacidosis to promote glucose utilization and decrease ketone formation.

Question:
A client is prescribed lisinopril for hypertension. What education should the nurse provide regarding lisinopril?

A) Take the medication on an empty stomach
B) Increase potassium intake while on the medication
C) Expect immediate blood pressure reduction
D) Avoid salt substitutes containing potassium

Answer:
D) Avoid salt substitutes containing potassium

Rationale:
Lisinopril can increase potassium levels. Clients should avoid additional potassium intake, such as from salt substitutes.

Question:
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is prescribed ipratropium (Atrovent). What is the primary therapeutic effect of ipratropium?

A) Bronchodilation
B) Mucus thinning
C) Increased respiratory rate
D) Alveolar recruitment

Answer:
A) Bronchodilation

Rationale:
Ipratropium is an anticholinergic bronchodilator used to relieve bronchospasms in clients with COPD.

Question:
A client with ulcerative colitis is prescribed sulfasalazine. What is the primary therapeutic effect of sulfasalazine?

A) Immunosuppression
B) Antibiotic activity
C) Reduction of inflammation in the colon
D) Stimulation of gastric motility

Answer:
C) Reduction of inflammation in the colon

Rationale:
Sulfasalazine is used to reduce inflammation in the colon and manage symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease.

Question:
A client with a history of falls is admitted to the hospital. What is the priority nursing intervention to prevent falls in this client?

A) Administering a sedative at bedtime
B) Keeping the room well-lit
C) Encouraging the use of slip-on shoes
D) Restraining the client in bed

Answer:
B) Keeping the room well-lit

Rationale:
Keeping the room well-lit is essential for preventing falls in clients with a history of falls, as it improves visibility and reduces the risk of tripping.

Question:
A client with a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is prescribed enoxaparin (Lovenox). What education should the nurse provide regarding enoxaparin?

A) Avoid taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
B) Administer the medication intramuscularly
C) Monitor blood pressure daily
D) Expect bruising and swelling at the injection site

Answer:
A) Avoid taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

Rationale:
Enoxaparin increases the risk of bleeding. Clients should avoid NSAIDs, which can further increase this risk.

Question:
A client is prescribed levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. What is the primary therapeutic effect of levothyroxine?

A) Decreased heart rate
B) Increased thyroid hormone levels
C) Reduced metabolic rate
D) Elevated blood pressure

Answer:
B) Increased thyroid hormone levels

Rationale:
Levothyroxine is a synthetic form of thyroid hormone used to replace deficient thyroid hormone in hypothyroidism.

Question:
A client with chronic kidney disease is prescribed calcitriol (Rocaltrol). What is the primary therapeutic effect of calcitriol?

A) Diuresis
B) Phosphate excretion
C) Calcium absorption
D) Sodium retention

Answer:
C) Calcium absorption

Rationale:
Calcitriol is the active form of vitamin D and is used to enhance calcium absorption in clients with chronic kidney disease

Question:
A client is admitted with a suspected myocardial infarction. What is the priority nursing intervention during the acute phase of myocardial infarction?

A) Administering thrombolytic therapy
B) Monitoring blood pressure every 4 hours
C) Encouraging ambulation in the hallway
D) Administering a beta-blocker

Answer:
A) Administering thrombolytic therapy

Rationale:
Administering thrombolytic therapy is a priority during the acute phase of myocardial infarction to dissolve the clot and restore blood flow to the myocardium.

Question:
A client is receiving chemotherapy and reports mouth sores. What nursing intervention is appropriate for managing chemotherapy-induced stomatitis?

A) Administering a topical anesthetic
B) Providing hot and spicy foods
C) Encouraging vigorous tooth brushing
D) Administering aspirin for pain relief

Answer:
A) Administering a topical anesthetic

Rationale:
Topical anesthetics can provide relief from chemotherapy-induced stomatitis by numbing the affected area.

Question:
A client with heart failure is prescribed digoxin. What is the therapeutic serum level of digoxin?

A) 0.1 to 0.5 ng/mL
B) 0.5 to 2.0 ng/mL
C) 2.0 to 5.0 ng/mL
D) 5.0 to 10.0 ng/mL

Answer:
B) 0.5 to 2.0 ng/mL

Rationale:
The therapeutic serum level of digoxin is 0.5 to 2.0 ng/mL. Levels above this range can lead to toxicity.

Question:
A client is prescribed isoniazid (INH) for the treatment of tuberculosis. What should the nurse instruct the client to avoid while taking INH?

A) Dairy products
B) Tyramine-containing foods
C) Alcohol
D) High-fiber foods

Answer:
C) Alcohol

Rationale:
Isoniazid (INH) can cause hepatotoxicity, and alcohol can exacerbate this risk. Clients should be advised to avoid alcohol while taking INH.

Question:
A client is admitted with an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. What dietary restriction is important for managing this condition?

A) High-fiber diet
B) Low-residue diet
C) High-protein diet
D) Low-fat diet

Answer:
B) Low-residue diet

Rationale:
A low-residue diet helps reduce bowel irritation and promotes healing in clients with ulcerative colitis during exacerbations.

Question:
A client is receiving a blood transfusion and experiences shortness of breath and chest pain. What is the nurse’s immediate action?

A) Stop the transfusion
B) Increase the transfusion rate
C) Administer pain medication
D) Encourage deep breathing exercises

Answer:
A) Stop the transfusion

Rationale:
Shortness of breath and chest pain during a blood transfusion may indicate a transfusion reaction. Stopping the transfusion is the immediate action.

Question:
A client is admitted with suspected meningitis. What isolation precautions should the nurse implement?

A) Contact precautions
B) Droplet precautions
C) Airborne precautions
D) Standard precautions

Answer:
B) Droplet precautions

Rationale:
Meningitis is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets. Implementing droplet precautions helps prevent the spread of the infection.

Question:
A client is prescribed spironolactone. What laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely?

A) Serum sodium
B) Serum potassium
C) Serum calcium
D) Serum creatinine

Answer:
B) Serum potassium

Rationale:
Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, and monitoring potassium levels is crucial to prevent hyperkalemia.

Question:
A client is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). What complication is associated with the administration of TPN?

A) Hypernatremia
B) Hypoglycemia
C) Catheter-related bloodstream infection
D) Respiratory alkalosis

Answer:
C) Catheter-related bloodstream infection

Rationale:
Catheter-related bloodstream infections are a potential complication of TPN administration. Strict aseptic technique is essential to prevent infections.

Question:
A client is prescribed warfarin (Coumadin) for anticoagulation. What should the nurse instruct the client about dietary intake of vitamin K?

A) Increase vitamin K-rich foods
B) Avoid foods high in vitamin K
C) Take vitamin K supplements daily
D) Consume vitamin K with the medication

Answer:
B) Avoid foods high in vitamin K

Rationale:
Vitamin K-rich foods can interfere with the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. Clients on warfarin should maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K.

Question:
A client with hypertension is prescribed a diuretic. What electrolyte imbalance should the nurse monitor for with diuretic therapy?

A) Hyperkalemia
B) Hyponatremia
C) Hypocalcemia
D) Hypercalcemia

Answer:
B) Hyponatremia

Rationale:
Diuretics can lead to sodium loss, resulting in hyponatremia. Monitoring sodium levels is crucial to prevent complications.

Question:
A client with chronic kidney disease is prescribed a phosphate binder. What is the purpose of this medication?

A) Increase phosphate absorption
B) Bind to calcium in the intestines
C) Promote phosphate excretion
D) Reduce potassium levels

Answer:
B) Bind to calcium in the intestines

Rationale:
Phosphate binders help prevent the absorption of phosphate by binding to dietary phosphate in the intestines, forming an insoluble compound that is excreted.

Question:
A client is prescribed enalapril for hypertension. What education should the nurse provide regarding enalapril?

A) Take the medication with food
B) Increase potassium intake while on the medication
C) Expect immediate blood pressure reduction
D) Report a persistent dry cough to the healthcare provider

Answer:
D) Report a persistent dry cough to the healthcare provider

Rationale:
Enalapril can cause a persistent dry cough as a side effect. Clients should report this symptom to the healthcare provider.

Question:
A client with chronic kidney disease is prescribed epoetin alfa. What is the therapeutic effect of epoetin alfa?

A) Reduction of blood pressure
B) Increased red blood cell production
C) Enhanced potassium excretion
D) Improved calcium absorption

Answer:
B) Increased red blood cell production

Rationale:
Epoetin alfa stimulates the production of red blood cells and is used to treat anemia in clients with chronic kidney disease.

Question:
A client with type 2 diabetes is prescribed metformin. What is the primary action of metformin?

A) Increasing insulin secretion
B) Enhancing insulin receptor sensitivity
C) Inhibiting glucose absorption in the intestine
D) Stimulating glucose release from the liver

Answer:
B) Enhancing insulin receptor sensitivity

Rationale:
Metformin improves insulin receptor sensitivity, allowing for better glucose uptake by cells.

Question:
A client is prescribed prednisone for the management of an autoimmune disorder. What education should the nurse provide regarding prednisone?

A) Take the medication on an empty stomach
B) Discontinue the medication abruptly if side effects occur
C) Monitor blood glucose levels regularly
D) Increase calcium intake while on the medication

Answer:
C) Monitor blood glucose levels regularly

Rationale:
Prednisone can cause hyperglycemia. Clients taking prednisone should monitor their blood glucose levels regularly, especially if they have diabetes.

Question:
A client is admitted with hyperthyroidism. What nursing intervention is appropriate for managing symptoms of hyperthyroidism?

A) Encourage a low-calorie diet
B) Keep the room warm
C) Promote rest and relaxation
D) Administer sedatives as needed

Answer:
C) Promote rest and relaxation

Rationale:
Promoting rest and relaxation is important in managing hyperthyroidism symptoms such as increased anxiety and insomnia.

Question:
A client is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). What complication is associated with the administration of TPN?

A) Hypernatremia
B) Hypoglycemia
C) Catheter-related bloodstream infection
D) Respiratory alkalosis

Answer:
C) Catheter-related bloodstream infection

Rationale:
Catheter-related bloodstream infections are a potential complication of TPN administration. Strict aseptic technique is essential.

Question:
A client is prescribed lorazepam for anxiety. What is the primary nursing consideration when administering lorazepam?

A) Monitor for signs of hyperactivity
B) Administer with a full glass of water
C) Encourage the client to engage in physical activity
D) Assess for respiratory depression

Answer:
D) Assess for respiratory depression

Rationale:
Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that can cause respiratory depression, especially when administered in high doses.

Question:
A client is prescribed ciprofloxacin. What education should the nurse provide regarding ciprofloxacin?

A) Take the medication with antacids
B) Avoid sunlight exposure
C) Take the medication on an empty stomach
D) Discontinue the medication if symptoms improve

Answer:
B) Avoid sunlight exposure

Rationale:
Ciprofloxacin can increase sensitivity to sunlight. Clients should be advised to avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight and use sunscreen

Question:
A client is prescribed clozapine for the treatment of schizophrenia. What is the primary concern that the nurse should monitor for with clozapine therapy?

A) Hypertension
B) Hyperglycemia
C) Agranulocytosis
D) Liver dysfunction

Answer:
C) Agranulocytosis

Rationale:
Clozapine is associated with a risk of agranulocytosis, a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by a severe reduction in white blood cell count.

Question:
A client is prescribed metoprolol for hypertension. What assessment finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider before administering metoprolol?

A) Blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg
B) Heart rate of 60 beats per minute
C) Respiratory rate of 18 breaths per minute
D) Serum potassium level of 3.2 mEq/L

Answer:
D) Serum potassium level of 3.2 mEq/L

Rationale:
Metoprolol is a beta-blocker, and low serum potassium levels can increase the risk of cardiac dysrhythmias. The nurse should report this finding.

Question:
A client is prescribed loratadine for allergic rhinitis. What education should the nurse provide regarding loratadine?

Answer:
C) Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery while taking the medication

Rationale:
Loratadine can cause drowsiness in some individuals. Clients should be advised to avoid activities that require alertness until they know how the medication affects them.

Question:
A client with type 1 diabetes is prescribed regular insulin. When is the peak action of regular insulin?

A) 30 minutes after administration
B) 1 to 2 hours after administration
C) 4 to 6 hours after administration
D) 8 to 12 hours after administration

Answer:
B) 1 to 2 hours after administration

Rationale:
Regular insulin has a peak action 1 to 2 hours after administration. It is important to coordinate insulin administration with mealtime.

Question:
A client is admitted with a hypertensive crisis. What medication is commonly used for the rapid reduction of blood pressure in this situation?

A) Amlodipine
B) Lisinopril
C) Nitroprusside
D) Metoprolol

Answer:
C) Nitroprusside

Rationale:
Nitroprusside is a vasodilator that can be used for the rapid reduction of blood pressure in hypertensive crises.

Question:
A client is prescribed alendronate for osteoporosis. What is the primary nursing consideration when administering alendronate?

Answer:
C) Encourage the client to lie down for 30 minutes after taking the medication

Rationale:
Alendronate can irritate the esophagus, and clients should remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication to minimize the risk of esophageal irritation.

Question:
A client is admitted with a pulmonary embolism and is prescribed enoxaparin (Lovenox). What laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely during enoxaparin therapy?

A) Platelet count
B) Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
C) International normalized ratio (INR)
D) Serum creatinine

Answer:
A) Platelet count

Rationale:
Enoxaparin can cause thrombocytopenia, and monitoring platelet count is crucial to detect this potential adverse effect.

Question:
A client with rheumatoid arthritis is prescribed methotrexate. What is the primary nursing consideration during methotrexate therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of infection
B) Encourage the client to consume a high-fiber diet
C) Administer the medication with milk
D) Assess for increased blood pressure

Answer:
A) Monitor for signs of infection

Rationale:
Methotrexate can suppress the immune system, increasing the risk of infection. The nurse should monitor for signs of infection during therapy.

Question:
A client is prescribed levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. What should the nurse instruct the client regarding levothyroxine administration?

A) Take the medication at bedtime
B) Take the medication with food
C) Take the medication on an empty stomach
D) Crush the medication and mix it with juice

Answer:
C) Take the medication on an empty stomach

Rationale:
Levothyroxine is best absorbed on an empty stomach. Clients should take the medication at least 30 minutes before eating.

Question:
A client is admitted with severe pain and is prescribed morphine sulfate. What is the priority nursing action before administering morphine sulfate?

A) Assess the client’s pain level
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B) Check the client’s blood pressure
C) Ensure that the client has signed a consent form
D) Evaluate the client’s respiratory rate

**Answer:**
B) Check the client’s blood pressure

**Rationale:**
Morphine sulfate can cause vasodilation and may result in a drop in blood pressure. It is essential to check the blood pressure before administering the medication.

Question:
A client is prescribed digoxin for heart failure. What electrolyte imbalance increases the risk of digoxin toxicity?
A) Hyperkalemia
B) Hypokalemia
C) Hyponatremia
D) Hypernatremia

**Answer:**
B) Hypokalemia

**Rationale:**
Hypokalemia increases the risk of digoxin toxicity. Low potassium levels enhance the binding of digoxin to myocardial cells, leading to an increased toxic effect.

. Question:
A client is receiving intravenous heparin for deep vein thrombosis. What laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely?
A) Platelet count
B) Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
C) International normalized ratio (INR)
D) Serum potassium level

**Answer:**
B) Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)

**Rationale:**
Heparin’s effectiveness is monitored by assessing the aPTT. The therapeutic range is usually 1.5 to 2 times the control value.

Question:
A client is prescribed atorvastatin for hypercholesterolemia. What is the primary therapeutic effect of atorvastatin?

A) Increase in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels
B) Reduction in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels
C) Lowering of total cholesterol and LDL levels
D) Elevation of triglyceride levels

**Answer:**
C) Lowering of total cholesterol and LDL levels

**Rationale:**
Atorvastatin is a statin medication that primarily lowers total cholesterol and LDL levels by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis.

. Question:
A client is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering insulin as ordered
B) Monitoring blood glucose levels every 8 hours
C) Encouraging oral intake of fluids and electrolytes
D) Administering bicarbonate to correct acidosis

**Answer:**
A) Administering insulin as ordered

**Rationale:**
Insulin administration is the priority in managing diabetic ketoacidosis to promote glucose utilization and decrease ketone formation.

. Question:
A client is prescribed prednisone for the treatment of inflammation. What is the nurse’s priority assessment before administering prednisone?

A) Blood pressure measurement
B) Blood glucose level
C) Serum potassium level
D) Respiratory rate

**Answer:**
B) Blood glucose level

**Rationale:**
Prednisone can elevate blood glucose levels. It is important to assess the client’s baseline blood glucose level before administering the medication.
. Question:
A client is receiving chemotherapy and reports nausea and vomiting. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering an antiemetic as ordered
B) Encouraging the client to eat a large meal
C) Administering a laxative to promote bowel movement
D) Withholding oral fluids for a few hours

**Answer:**
A) Administering an antiemetic as ordered

**Rationale:**
Administering an antiemetic is the priority nursing intervention to alleviate nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy.
107. Question:
A client is admitted with suspected appendicitis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering pain medication
B) Monitoring vital signs every 4 hours
C) Providing a high-fiber diet
D) Administering antibiotics

**Answer:**
B) Monitoring vital signs every 4 hours

**Rationale:**
The priority in suspected appendicitis is to monitor vital signs frequently to assess for signs of infection and impending rupture.

. Question:
A client is prescribed warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. What dietary education should the nurse provide regarding vitamin K intake?

A) Increase vitamin K-rich foods
B) Avoid foods high in vitamin K
C) Take vitamin K supplements daily
D) Consume vitamin K with the medication

**Answer:**
B) Avoid foods high in vitamin K

**Rationale:**
Warfarin’s anticoagulant effect can be affected by vitamin K. Clients on warfarin should maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K and avoid sudden changes.

. Question:
A client is admitted with a suspected gastrointestinal bleed. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering pain medication
B) Monitoring vital signs every 4 hours
C) Providing a high-fiber diet
D) Administering a proton pump inhibitor

**Answer:**
B) Monitoring vital signs every 4 hours

**Rationale:**
The priority in a suspected gastrointestinal bleed is to monitor vital signs frequently to assess for signs of hypovolemic shock.

Question:
A client with chronic kidney disease is prescribed epoetin alfa. What is the therapeutic effect of epoetin alfa?

A) Reduction of blood pressure
B) Increased red blood cell production
C) Enhanced potassium excretion
D) Improved calcium absorption

**Answer:**
B) Increased red blood cell production

**Rationale:**
Epoetin alfa stimulates the production of red blood cells and is used to treat anemia in clients with chronic kidney disease.

131.
A client is prescribed digoxin for heart failure. What electrolyte imbalance increases the risk of digoxin toxicity?

A) Hyperkalemia
B) Hypokalemia
C) Hyponatremia
D) Hypernatremia
Answer:
B) Hypokalemia

Rationale: Hypokalemia increases the risk of digoxin toxicity. Low potassium levels enhance the binding of digoxin to myocardial cells, leading to an increased toxic effect.
132.
A client is receiving intravenous heparin for deep vein thrombosis. What laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely?

A) Platelet count
B) Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
C) International normalized ratio (INR)
D) Serum potassium level
Answer:
B) Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)

Rationale: Heparin’s effectiveness is monitored by assessing the aPTT. The therapeutic range is usually 1.5 to 2 times the control value.
133.
A client is prescribed atorvastatin for hypercholesterolemia. What is the primary therapeutic effect of atorvastatin?

A) Increase in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels
B) Reduction in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels
C) Lowering of total cholesterol and LDL levels
D) Elevation of triglyceride levels
Answer:
C) Lowering of total cholesterol and LDL levels

Rationale: Atorvastatin is a statin medication that primarily lowers total cholesterol and LDL levels by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis.
134.
A client is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering insulin as ordered
B) Monitoring blood glucose levels every 8 hours
C) Encouraging oral intake of fluids and electrolytes
D) Administering bicarbonate to correct acidosis
Answer:
A) Administering insulin as ordered

Rationale: Insulin administration is the priority in managing diabetic ketoacidosis to promote glucose utilization and decrease ketone formation.
135.
A client is prescribed prednisone for the treatment of inflammation. What is the nurse’s priority assessment before administering prednisone?

A) Blood pressure measurement
B) Blood glucose level
C) Serum potassium level
D) Respiratory rate
Answer:
B) Blood glucose level

Rationale: Prednisone can elevate blood glucose levels. It is important to assess the client’s baseline blood glucose level before administering the medication.
136.
A client is receiving chemotherapy and reports nausea and vomiting. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering an antiemetic as ordered
B) Encouraging the client to eat a large meal
C) Administering a laxative to promote bowel movement
D) Withholding oral fluids for a few hours
Answer:
A) Administering an antiemetic as ordered

Rationale: Administering an antiemetic is the priority nursing intervention to alleviate nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy.
137.
A client is admitted with suspected appendicitis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering pain medication
B) Monitoring vital signs every 4 hours
C) Providing a high-fiber diet
D) Administering antibiotics
Answer:
B) Monitoring vital signs every 4 hours

Rationale: The priority in suspected appendicitis is to monitor vital signs frequently to assess for signs of infection and impending rupture.
138.
A client is prescribed warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. What dietary education should the nurse provide regarding vitamin K intake?

A) Increase vitamin K-rich foods
B) Avoid foods high in vitamin K
C) Take vitamin K supplements daily
D) Consume vitamin K with the medication
Answer:
B) Avoid foods high in vitamin K

Rationale: Warfarin’s anticoagulant effect can be affected by vitamin K. Clients on warfarin should maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K and avoid sudden changes.
139.
A client is admitted with a suspected gastrointestinal bleed. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering pain medication
B) Monitoring vital signs every 4 hours
C) Providing a high-fiber diet
D) Administering a proton pump inhibitor
Answer:
B) Monitoring vital signs every 4 hours

Rationale: The priority in a suspected gastrointestinal bleed is to monitor vital signs frequently to assess for signs of hypovolemic shock.
140.
A client with chronic kidney disease is prescribed epoetin alfa. What is the therapeutic effect of epoetin alfa?

A) Reduction of blood pressure
B) Increased red blood cell production
C) Enhanced potassium excretion
D) Improved calcium absorption
Answer:
B) Increased red blood cell production

Rationale: Epoetin alfa stimulates the production of red blood cells and is used to treat anemia in clients with chronic kidney disease.

141.
A client is prescribed a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). What education should the nurse provide regarding PPIs?

Rationale: Proton pump inhibitors are most effective when taken on an empty stomach, usually 30 minutes before meals.
142.
A client is admitted with pneumonia and is prescribed levofloxacin. What education should the nurse provide regarding levofloxacin?

A) Take the medication with antacids
B) Avoid sunlight exposure
C) Take the medication on an empty stomach
D) Discontinue the medication if symptoms improve
Answer:
B) Avoid sunlight exposure

Rationale: Levofloxacin can increase sensitivity to sunlight. Clients should be advised to avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight and use sunscreen.
143.
A client with type 2 diabetes is prescribed glargine insulin. When is the peak action of glargine insulin?

A) 30 minutes after administration
B) 1 to 2 hours after administration
C) 4 to 6 hours after administration
D) There is no distinct peak action
Answer:
D) There is no distinct peak action

Rationale: Glargine insulin has a gradual and consistent release, providing a continuous, basal level of insulin with no distinct peak.
144.
A client is prescribed nitroglycerin for angina. What education should the nurse provide regarding nitroglycerin administration?

Rationale: Nitroglycerin can be used prophylactically before engaging in activities that may trigger angina, such as exercise.
145.
A client is admitted with acute pancreatitis. What dietary intervention is appropriate for managing acute pancreatitis?

A) Low-fat diet
B) High-fiber diet
C) High-protein diet
D) Low-carbohydrate diet
Answer:
A) Low-fat diet

Rationale: A low-fat diet is appropriate for managing acute pancreatitis to reduce stimulation of the pancreas and minimize fat digestion.
146.
A client is receiving intravenous (IV) furosemide for heart failure. What laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely during furosemide therapy?

A) Serum potassium level
B) Serum sodium level
C) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
D) Serum creatinine level
Answer:
A) Serum potassium level

Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can lead to hypokalemia. Monitoring potassium levels is crucial to prevent complications.
147.
A client is admitted with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: Bronchodilators are the priority in managing exacerbations of COPD to relieve bronchospasms and improve airflow.
148.
A client is prescribed enalapril for hypertension. What laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely during enalapril therapy?

A) Serum potassium level
B) Serum calcium level
C) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
D) Serum sodium level
Answer:
A) Serum potassium level

Rationale: Enalapril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that can lead to hyperkalemia. Monitoring potassium levels is crucial to prevent complications.
149.
A client with heart failure is prescribed spironolactone. What dietary education should the nurse provide regarding spironolactone?

A) Increase sodium intake
B) Avoid foods high in potassium
C) Consume a diet rich in magnesium
D) Limit fluid intake
Answer:
B) Avoid foods high in potassium

Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, and clients should avoid foods high in potassium to prevent hyperkalemia.
150.
A client is prescribed a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for pain relief. What education should the nurse provide regarding NSAID use?

Rationale: NSAIDs can increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. Clients should be educated to monitor for signs such as melena or hematemesis.

151.
A client is prescribed clopidogrel after undergoing a coronary stent placement. What is the primary purpose of clopidogrel therapy?

A) Lowering blood pressure
B) Preventing platelet aggregation
C) Reducing cholesterol levels
D) Improving cardiac contractility
Answer:
B) Preventing platelet aggregation

Rationale: Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication used to prevent blood clots by inhibiting platelet aggregation.
152.
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is prescribed ipratropium bromide. What is the primary action of ipratropium bromide?

A) Dilating bronchial smooth muscles
B) Reducing mucus production
C) Inhibiting histamine release
D) Blocking acetylcholine receptors
Answer:
D) Blocking acetylcholine receptors

Rationale: Ipratropium bromide is an anticholinergic bronchodilator that blocks acetylcholine receptors, leading to bronchodilation.
153.
A client is admitted with a suspected myocardial infarction. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering aspirin as ordered
B) Monitoring blood glucose levels
C) Encouraging oral fluid intake
D) Administering nitroglycerin as ordered
Answer:
A) Administering aspirin as ordered

Rationale: Aspirin is a priority in suspected myocardial infarction to reduce platelet aggregation and prevent further clot formation.
154.
A client is prescribed metoclopramide for nausea and vomiting. What is the primary action of metoclopramide?

A) Increasing gastric acid secretion
B) Promoting gastric emptying
C) Inhibiting serotonin receptors
D) Blocking histamine receptors
Answer:
B) Promoting gastric emptying

Rationale: Metoclopramide is a prokinetic medication that enhances gastric emptying and reduces nausea and vomiting.
155.
A client with rheumatoid arthritis is prescribed methotrexate. What is the primary nursing consideration during methotrexate therapy?

Rationale: Methotrexate can suppress the immune system, increasing the risk of infection. The nurse should monitor for signs of infection during therapy.
156.
A client is admitted with severe pain and is prescribed morphine sulfate. What is the priority nursing action before administering morphine sulfate?

Rationale: Morphine sulfate can cause vasodilation and may result in a drop in blood pressure. It is essential to check the blood pressure before administering the medication.
157.
A client is prescribed warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. What dietary education should the nurse provide regarding vitamin K intake?

A) Increase vitamin K-rich foods
B) Avoid foods high in vitamin K
C) Take vitamin K supplements daily
D) Consume vitamin K with the medication
Answer:
B) Avoid foods high in vitamin K

Rationale: Warfarin’s anticoagulant effect can be affected by vitamin K. Clients on warfarin should maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K and avoid sudden changes.
158.
A client is admitted with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS). What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering regular insulin
B) Monitoring blood glucose levels every 4 hours
C) Encouraging oral fluid intake
D) Administering potassium supplements
Answer:
C) Encouraging oral fluid intake

Rationale: The priority in hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome is to correct dehydration. Encouraging oral fluid intake is crucial in managing fluid imbalance.
159.
A client is prescribed diphenhydramine for allergic rhinitis. What education should the nurse provide regarding diphenhydramine?

Rationale: Diphenhydramine can cause drowsiness in some individuals. Clients should be advised to avoid activities that require alertness until they know how the medication affects them.
160.
A client is admitted with exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. What dietary intervention is appropriate for managing ulcerative colitis?

A) High-fiber diet
B) Low-residue diet
C) High-protein diet
D) Low-sodium diet
Answer:
B) Low-residue diet

Rationale: A low-residue diet is appropriate for managing ulcerative colitis to minimize bowel irritation and reduce the frequency of bowel movements

161.
A client is prescribed lisinopril for hypertension. What laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely during lisinopril therapy?

A) Serum potassium level
B) Serum calcium level
C) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
D) Serum sodium level
Answer:
A) Serum potassium level

Rationale: Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that can lead to hyperkalemia. Monitoring potassium levels is crucial to prevent complications.
162.
A client is admitted with a suspected peptic ulcer. What dietary intervention is appropriate for managing peptic ulcers?

A) Spicy foods
B) Caffeine-containing beverages
C) Regular meals with protein
D) High-fiber diet
Answer:
C) Regular meals with protein

Rationale: Regular meals with protein are appropriate for managing peptic ulcers, as they help stimulate the release of gastric acid, which aids in digestion.
163.
A client is prescribed allopurinol for chronic gout. What is the primary action of allopurinol?

A) Reducing inflammation
B) Lowering uric acid levels
C) Relieving pain
D) Inhibiting platelet aggregation
Answer:
B) Lowering uric acid levels

Rationale: Allopurinol is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor that reduces uric acid production, preventing the formation of uric acid crystals in joints.
164.
A client is admitted with hyperthyroidism and is prescribed propranolol. What is the primary therapeutic effect of propranolol in hyperthyroidism?

A) Increasing thyroid hormone production
B) Reducing heart rate and blood pressure
C) Stimulating the immune system
D) Enhancing calcium absorption
Answer:
B) Reducing heart rate and blood pressure

Rationale: Propranolol is a beta-blocker that helps manage symptoms of hyperthyroidism by reducing heart rate and blood pressure.
165.
A client is receiving intravenous (IV) fentanyl for pain management. What is the priority nursing assessment before administering fentanyl?

A) Respiratory rate
B) Blood pressure
C) Temperature
D) Blood glucose level
Answer:
A) Respiratory rate

Rationale: Fentanyl is an opioid analgesic and can depress the respiratory system. It is crucial to assess the client’s respiratory rate before administering the medication.
166.
A client is prescribed isosorbide dinitrate for angina. What education should the nurse provide regarding isosorbide dinitrate?

A) Take the medication with antacids
B) Administer the medication on an empty stomach
C) Use the medication prophylactically before engaging in activities that may cause angina
D) Avoid sudden discontinuation of the medication
Answer:
D) Avoid sudden discontinuation of the medication

Rationale: Sudden discontinuation of isosorbide dinitrate can lead to rebound angina. Clients should be educated not to abruptly stop the medication.
167.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of acetaminophen. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administer activated charcoal
B) Administer an opioid analgesic
C) Administer an antipyretic
D) Administer an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administer activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of acetaminophen in cases of overdose.
168.
A client is prescribed lorazepam for anxiety. What is the primary nursing consideration during lorazepam therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor respiratory rate
Answer:
D) Monitor respiratory rate

Rationale: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that can depress the respiratory system. It is important to monitor the client’s respiratory rate during therapy.
169.
A client is admitted with rheumatoid arthritis and is prescribed methotrexate. What laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely during methotrexate therapy?

A) Serum potassium level
B) Complete blood count (CBC)
C) Blood glucose level
D) Serum calcium level
Answer:
B) Complete blood count (CBC)

Rationale: Methotrexate can suppress bone marrow function, and monitoring the complete blood count is essential to detect potential hematologic complications.
170.
A client with chronic kidney disease is prescribed sevelamer. What is the therapeutic effect of sevelamer?

A) Reducing blood pressure
B) Lowering cholesterol levels
C) Binding phosphorus in the gastrointestinal tract
D) Increasing calcium absorption
Answer:
C) Binding phosphorus in the gastrointestinal tract

Rationale: Sevelamer is a phosphate binder used to reduce serum phosphorus levels in clients with chronic kidney disease by binding phosphorus in the gastrointestinal tract

171.
A client is prescribed hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension. What dietary education should the nurse provide regarding hydrochlorothiazide?

A) Increase sodium intake
B) Avoid foods high in potassium
C) Consume a diet rich in magnesium
D) Monitor for signs of fluid retention
Answer:
B) Avoid foods high in potassium

Rationale: Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that can lead to hypokalemia. Clients should avoid foods high in potassium to prevent complications.
172.
A client is admitted with a suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT). What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering pain medication
B) Applying warm compresses to the affected leg
C) Administering anticoagulant therapy as ordered
D) Elevating the affected leg
Answer:
C) Administering anticoagulant therapy as ordered

Rationale: The priority in suspected DVT is to initiate anticoagulant therapy to prevent the formation and extension of blood clots.
173.
A client is prescribed atropine sulfate. What is the primary therapeutic effect of atropine sulfate?

A) Bradycardia
B) Miosis
C) Bronchodilation
D) Cholinergic stimulation
Answer:
A) Bradycardia

Rationale: Atropine sulfate is an anticholinergic medication used to increase heart rate by blocking vagal stimulation.
174.
A client is prescribed enoxaparin (Lovenox) for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis. What is the primary nursing consideration during enoxaparin therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of infection
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Administer the medication in the deltoid muscle
D) Monitor for signs of bleeding
Answer:
D) Monitor for signs of bleeding

Rationale: Enoxaparin is an anticoagulant, and monitoring for signs of bleeding is crucial to prevent complications.
175.
A client is admitted with acute pancreatitis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering pain medication
B) Monitoring vital signs every 4 hours
C) Providing a high-fiber diet
D) Administering proton pump inhibitors
Answer:
B) Monitoring vital signs every 4 hours

Rationale: The priority in acute pancreatitis is to monitor vital signs frequently to assess for signs of shock and infection.
176.
A client is prescribed metoclopramide for nausea and vomiting. What is the primary action of metoclopramide?

A) Increasing gastric acid secretion
B) Promoting gastric emptying
C) Inhibiting serotonin receptors
D) Blocking histamine receptors
Answer:
B) Promoting gastric emptying

Rationale: Metoclopramide is a prokinetic medication that enhances gastric emptying and reduces nausea and vomiting.
177.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of acetaminophen. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administer activated charcoal
B) Administer an opioid analgesic
C) Administer an antipyretic
D) Administer an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administer activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of acetaminophen in cases of overdose.
178.
A client is prescribed fluticasone propionate for asthma. What education should the nurse provide regarding fluticasone propionate?

A) Use the medication as a rescue inhaler during an asthma attack
B) Rinse the mouth after each use to prevent oral thrush
C) Increase the dose if asthma symptoms worsen
D) Discontinue the medication abruptly if side effects occur
Answer:
B) Rinse the mouth after each use to prevent oral thrush

Rationale: Fluticasone propionate is an inhaled corticosteroid, and rinsing the mouth after each use helps prevent the development of oral thrush.
179.
A client is admitted with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering bronchodilators as ordered
B) Monitoring blood glucose levels
C) Encouraging fluid restriction
D) Administering corticosteroids as ordered
Answer:
A) Administering bronchodilators as ordered

Rationale: Bronchodilators are the priority in managing exacerbations of COPD to relieve bronchospasms and improve airflow.
180.
A client is prescribed ciprofloxacin for a urinary tract infection. What education should the nurse provide regarding ciprofloxacin?

A) Take the medication with antacids
B) Avoid sunlight exposure
C) Take the medication on an empty stomach
D) Discontinue the medication if symptoms improve
Answer:
B) Avoid sunlight exposure

Rationale: Ciprofloxacin can increase sensitivity to sunlight. Clients should be advised to avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight and use sunscreen.

181.
A client is prescribed albuterol for asthma. What is the primary action of albuterol?

A) Inhibiting leukotriene receptors
B) Blocking beta-adrenergic receptors
C) Reducing inflammation
D) Dilating bronchial smooth muscles
Answer:
D) Dilating bronchial smooth muscles

Rationale: Albuterol is a beta2-adrenergic agonist that stimulates bronchodilation in the treatment of asthma.
182.
A client is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in DKA is to administer insulin to correct hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis.
183.
A client is prescribed levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. What is the primary therapeutic effect of levothyroxine?

A) Reducing heart rate
B) Lowering cholesterol levels
C) Increasing thyroid hormone levels
D) Promoting diuresis
Answer:
C) Increasing thyroid hormone levels

Rationale: Levothyroxine is a synthetic form of thyroid hormone used to treat hypothyroidism by increasing thyroid hormone levels.
184.
A client is admitted with heart failure and is prescribed spironolactone. What is the therapeutic effect of spironolactone in heart failure?

A) Reducing preload
B) Enhancing contractility
C) Lowering afterload
D) Blocking aldosterone receptors
Answer:
D) Blocking aldosterone receptors

Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that blocks aldosterone receptors, reducing sodium and water retention in heart failure.
185.
A client is receiving intravenous (IV) furosemide for heart failure. What laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely during furosemide therapy?

A) Serum potassium level
B) Serum sodium level
C) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
D) Serum creatinine level
Answer:
A) Serum potassium level

Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can lead to hypokalemia. Monitoring potassium levels is crucial to prevent complications.
186.
A client is prescribed ranitidine for peptic ulcer disease. What is the primary action of ranitidine?

A) Reducing gastric acid secretion
B) Enhancing gastric emptying
C) Increasing mucus production
D) Inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis
Answer:
A) Reducing gastric acid secretion

Rationale: Ranitidine is a histamine-2 receptor antagonist that reduces gastric acid secretion in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease.
187.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of opioids. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering naloxone
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering activated charcoal
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression.
188.
A client is prescribed warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. What is the therapeutic INR range for a client on warfarin?

A) 1.5 to 2.5
B) 2.0 to 3.0
C) 3.5 to 4.5
D) 4.0 to 5.0
Answer:
B) 2.0 to 3.0

Rationale: The therapeutic INR range for a client on warfarin is generally 2.0 to 3.0.
189.
A client is admitted with a hypertensive crisis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering an antihypertensive medication
B) Encouraging increased sodium intake
C) Monitoring blood glucose levels
D) Administering a diuretic
Answer:
A) Administering an antihypertensive medication

Rationale: The priority in a hypertensive crisis is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
190.
A client is prescribed ranolazine for chronic angina. What education should the nurse provide regarding ranolazine?

A) Take the medication with antacids
B) Administer the medication on an empty stomach
C) Avoid grapefruit juice while on the medication
D) Discontinue the medication if symptoms improve
Answer:
C) Avoid grapefruit juice while on the medication

Rationale: Ranolazine metabolism can be affected by grapefruit juice, and clients should be advised to avoid it while on the medication

191.
A client is prescribed clopidogrel after undergoing coronary artery stent placement. What is the primary purpose of clopidogrel therapy?

A) Lowering blood pressure
B) Preventing platelet aggregation
C) Reducing cholesterol levels
D) Improving cardiac contractility
Answer:
B) Preventing platelet aggregation

Rationale: Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication used to prevent blood clots by inhibiting platelet aggregation.
192.
A client is admitted with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: Bronchodilators are the priority in managing exacerbations of COPD to relieve bronchospasms and improve airflow.
193.
A client is prescribed digoxin for heart failure. What is the therapeutic range for digoxin?

A) 0.5 to 1.5 ng/mL
B) 1.0 to 2.0 ng/mL
C) 2.5 to 3.5 ng/mL
D) 3.0 to 4.0 ng/mL
Answer:
B) 1.0 to 2.0 ng/mL

Rationale: The therapeutic range for digoxin is generally 1.0 to 2.0 ng/mL.
194.
A client is admitted with a hypertensive crisis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in a hypertensive crisis is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
195.
A client is prescribed hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension. What dietary education should the nurse provide regarding hydrochlorothiazide?

A) Increase sodium intake
B) Avoid foods high in potassium
C) Consume a diet rich in magnesium
D) Monitor for signs of fluid retention
Answer:
B) Avoid foods high in potassium

Rationale: Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that can lead to hypokalemia. Clients should avoid foods high in potassium to prevent complications.
196.
A client is admitted with a suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in suspected DVT is to initiate anticoagulant therapy to prevent the formation and extension of blood clots.
197.
A client is prescribed lorazepam for anxiety. What is the primary nursing consideration during lorazepam therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor respiratory rate
Answer:
D) Monitor respiratory rate

Rationale: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that can depress the respiratory system. It is important to monitor the client’s respiratory rate during therapy.
198.
A client is admitted with exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. What dietary intervention is appropriate for managing ulcerative colitis?

A) High-fiber diet
B) Low-residue diet
C) High-protein diet
D) Low-sodium diet
Answer:
B) Low-residue diet

Rationale: A low-residue diet is appropriate for managing ulcerative colitis to minimize bowel irritation and reduce the frequency of bowel movements.
199.
A client is prescribed sertraline for depression. What education should the nurse provide regarding sertraline?

A) Expect immediate improvement in mood
B) Discontinue the medication if side effects occur
C) Take the medication on an empty stomach
D) Monitor for signs of suicidal ideation
Answer:
D) Monitor for signs of suicidal ideation

Rationale: Clients taking sertraline and other antidepressants should be monitored for signs of suicidal ideation, especially during the early stages of therapy.
200.
A client is admitted with acute pancreatitis. What dietary intervention is appropriate for managing acute pancreatitis?

A) Low-fat diet
B) High-fiber diet
C) High-protein diet
D) Low-carbohydrate diet
Answer:
A) Low-fat diet

Rationale: A low-fat diet is appropriate for managing acute pancreatitis to reduce stimulation of the pancreas and minimize fat digestion.

201.
A client is admitted with heart failure and is prescribed enalapril. What is the primary action of enalapril?

A) Increasing heart rate
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors
C) Stimulating the sympathetic nervous system
D) Inhibiting aldosterone secretion
Answer:
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors

Rationale: Enalapril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and decreased aldosterone secretion.
202.
A client is prescribed diltiazem for atrial fibrillation. What is the primary therapeutic effect of diltiazem?

A) Reducing heart rate
B) Increasing blood pressure
C) Enhancing myocardial contractility
D) Dilating peripheral blood vessels
Answer:
A) Reducing heart rate

Rationale: Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker that reduces heart rate and is often used for rate control in atrial fibrillation.
203.
A client is admitted with suspected meningitis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering antibiotics as ordered
B) Monitoring blood glucose levels
C) Administering antipyretics
D) Administering analgesics for pain relief
Answer:
A) Administering antibiotics as ordered

Rationale: The priority in suspected meningitis is to administer antibiotics promptly to treat the infection and prevent complications.
204.
A client is prescribed heparin for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis. What is the primary nursing consideration during heparin therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of infection
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor for signs of bleeding
D) Administer the medication in the deltoid muscle
Answer:
C) Monitor for signs of bleeding

Rationale: Heparin is an anticoagulant, and monitoring for signs of bleeding is crucial to prevent complications.
205.
A client is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in DKA is to administer insulin to correct hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis.
206.
A client is prescribed atorvastatin for hypercholesterolemia. What laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely during atorvastatin therapy?

A) Serum potassium level
B) Liver function tests
C) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
D) Serum sodium level
Answer:
B) Liver function tests

Rationale: Atorvastatin, a statin, can affect liver function, and monitoring liver function tests is essential during therapy.
207.
A client is admitted with a seizure disorder and is prescribed phenytoin. What education should the nurse provide regarding phenytoin?

A) Take the medication with antacids
B) Administer the medication on an empty stomach
C) Increase the dose if seizures occur
D) Discontinue the medication abruptly if side effects occur
Answer:
B) Administer the medication on an empty stomach

Rationale: Phenytoin should be taken on an empty stomach to enhance absorption. Taking it with antacids can decrease absorption.
208.
A client is prescribed levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. What is the primary nursing consideration during levothyroxine therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor thyroid function tests
D) Monitor for respiratory depression
Answer:
C) Monitor thyroid function tests

Rationale: Levothyroxine is a thyroid hormone replacement, and monitoring thyroid function tests is crucial to ensure therapeutic levels.
209.
A client is admitted with hypertensive urgency. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in hypertensive urgency is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
210.
A client is prescribed nitroglycerin for angina. What education should the nurse provide regarding nitroglycerin?

A) Take the medication with a full glass of water
B) Expect immediate relief of symptoms
C) Store the medication in the refrigerator
D) Avoid using erectile dysfunction medications concurrently
Answer:
D) Avoid using erectile dysfunction medications concurrently

Rationale: Concurrent use of nitroglycerin and erectile dysfunction medications can lead to severe hypotension. Clients should be advised to avoid using these medications together.

211.
A client is prescribed amitriptyline for depression. What is the primary nursing consideration during amitriptyline therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor for anticholinergic effects
Answer:
D) Monitor for anticholinergic effects

Rationale: Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant with anticholinergic effects. Monitoring for dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention, and blurred vision is important.
212.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of aspirin. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administer activated charcoal
B) Administer an opioid analgesic
C) Administer an antipyretic
D) Administer an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administer activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of aspirin in cases of overdose.
213.
A client is prescribed digoxin for heart failure. What is the primary nursing consideration during digoxin therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor potassium levels
D) Monitor for respiratory depression
Answer:
C) Monitor potassium levels

Rationale: Digoxin can be affected by potassium levels, and hypokalemia can increase the risk of digoxin toxicity. Monitoring potassium levels is essential.
214.
A client is admitted with exacerbation of asthma. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering antipyretics
B) Administering bronchodilators as ordered
C) Encouraging fluid restriction
D) Administering corticosteroids as ordered
Answer:
B) Administering bronchodilators as ordered

Rationale: Bronchodilators are the priority in managing exacerbations of asthma to relieve bronchospasms and improve airflow.
215.
A client is prescribed alendronate for osteoporosis. What education should the nurse provide regarding alendronate?

A) Take the medication with a full glass of milk
B) Administer the medication on an empty stomach
C) Lie down for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication
D) Discontinue the medication if stomach upset occurs
Answer:
C) Lie down for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication

Rationale: Alendronate can cause esophageal irritation, and clients should be advised to remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication to reduce the risk of esophageal injury.
216.
A client is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in DKA is to administer insulin to correct hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis.
217.
A client is prescribed hydrocodone/acetaminophen for pain. What is the primary nursing consideration during hydrocodone/acetaminophen therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor respiratory rate
Answer:
C) Monitor liver function

Rationale: Acetaminophen, a component of hydrocodone/acetaminophen, can cause liver toxicity. Monitoring liver function is important during therapy.
218.
A client is admitted with a hypertensive crisis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in a hypertensive crisis is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
219.
A client is prescribed prednisone for an autoimmune disorder. What education should the nurse provide regarding prednisone?

A) Take the medication on an empty stomach
B) Discontinue the medication abruptly if side effects occur
C) Avoid crowds and individuals with infections
D) Increase dietary intake of potassium
Answer:
C) Avoid crowds and individuals with infections

Rationale: Prednisone is a corticosteroid that can suppress the immune system. Clients should be advised to avoid crowds and individuals with infections to prevent the risk of infection.
220.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of opioids. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering naloxone
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering activated charcoal
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression.
221.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of acetaminophen. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administer activated charcoal
B) Administer an opioid analgesic
C) Administer an antipyretic
D) Administer an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administer activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of acetaminophen in cases of overdose.
222.
A client is prescribed metformin for type 2 diabetes. What education should the nurse provide regarding metformin?

A) Take the medication on an empty stomach
B) Increase the dose if blood glucose levels are elevated
C) Discontinue the medication if experiencing hypoglycemia
D) Monitor for signs of fluid retention
Answer:
A) Take the medication on an empty stomach

Rationale: Metformin should be taken with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects. However, taking it on an empty stomach is not recommended.
223.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of opioids. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering naloxone
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering activated charcoal
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression.
224.
A client is prescribed warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. What is the therapeutic INR range for a client on warfarin?

A) 1.5 to 2.5
B) 2.0 to 3.0
C) 3.5 to 4.5
D) 4.0 to 5.0
Answer:
B) 2.0 to 3.0

Rationale: The therapeutic INR range for a client on warfarin is generally 2.0 to 3.0.
225.
A client is admitted with a hypertensive crisis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in a hypertensive crisis is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
226.
A client is prescribed fluoxetine for depression. What is the primary nursing consideration during fluoxetine therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor for serotonin syndrome
Answer:
D) Monitor for serotonin syndrome

Rationale: Fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), can increase the risk of serotonin syndrome. Monitoring for symptoms such as agitation, confusion, and hyperreflexia is essential.
227.
A client is admitted with a hypertensive emergency. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in a hypertensive emergency is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
228.
A client is prescribed lisinopril for hypertension. What is the primary action of lisinopril?

A) Increasing heart rate
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors
C) Stimulating the sympathetic nervous system
D) Inhibiting aldosterone secretion
Answer:
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors

Rationale: Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and decreased aldosterone secretion.
229.
A client is admitted with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: Bronchodilators are the priority in managing exacerbations of COPD to relieve bronchospasms and improve airflow.
230.
A client is prescribed lorazepam for anxiety. What is the primary nursing consideration during lorazepam therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor respiratory rate
Answer:
D) Monitor respiratory rate

Rationale: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that can depress the respiratory system. It is important to monitor the client’s respiratory rate during therapy.

231.
A client is prescribed metoprolol for hypertension. What is the primary action of metoprolol?

A) Vasodilation
B) Inhibition of beta-adrenergic receptors
C) Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
D) Promotion of sodium excretion
Answer:
B) Inhibition of beta-adrenergic receptors

Rationale: Metoprolol is a beta-blocker that inhibits beta-adrenergic receptors, resulting in decreased heart rate and blood pressure.
232.
A client is admitted with suspected tuberculosis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering an antipyretic
B) Initiating airborne precautions
C) Encouraging increased fluid intake
D) Administering a bronchodilator
Answer:
B) Initiating airborne precautions

Rationale: Tuberculosis is transmitted through airborne particles. Initiating airborne precautions, including the use of a respiratory mask, is crucial to prevent the spread of the infection.
233.
A client is prescribed atenolol for angina. What is the primary therapeutic effect of atenolol?

A) Dilating coronary arteries
B) Reducing heart rate and contractility
C) Increasing blood pressure
D) Inhibiting platelet aggregation
Answer:
B) Reducing heart rate and contractility

Rationale: Atenolol is a beta-blocker that reduces heart rate and contractility, leading to decreased myocardial oxygen demand.
234.
A client is admitted with a suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in suspected DVT is to initiate anticoagulant therapy promptly to prevent the formation and extension of blood clots.
235.
A client is prescribed clopidogrel after a coronary artery stent placement. What is the primary purpose of clopidogrel therapy?

A) Reducing blood pressure
B) Preventing platelet aggregation
C) Lowering cholesterol levels
D) Improving cardiac contractility
Answer:
B) Preventing platelet aggregation

Rationale: Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication used to prevent blood clots by inhibiting platelet aggregation.
236.
A client is admitted with acute pancreatitis. What dietary intervention is appropriate for managing acute pancreatitis?

A) Low-fat diet
B) High-fiber diet
C) High-protein diet
D) Low-carbohydrate diet
Answer:
A) Low-fat diet

Rationale: A low-fat diet is appropriate for managing acute pancreatitis to reduce stimulation of the pancreas and minimize fat digestion.
237.
A client is prescribed ranitidine for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). What is the primary action of ranitidine?

A) Reducing gastric acid secretion
B) Enhancing gastric emptying
C) Increasing mucus production
D) Inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis
Answer:
A) Reducing gastric acid secretion

Rationale: Ranitidine is a histamine-2 receptor antagonist that reduces gastric acid secretion in the treatment of GERD.
238.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of benzodiazepines. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering naloxone
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering activated charcoal
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of benzodiazepine overdose, including respiratory depression.
239.
A client is prescribed simvastatin for hypercholesterolemia. What laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely during simvastatin therapy?

A) Serum potassium level
B) Liver function tests
C) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
D) Serum sodium level
Answer:
B) Liver function tests

Rationale: Statins, including simvastatin, can affect liver function, and monitoring liver function tests is essential during therapy.
240.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of acetaminophen. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administer activated charcoal
B) Administer an opioid analgesic
C) Administer an antipyretic
D) Administer an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administer activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of acetaminophen in cases of overdose.
241.
A client is prescribed furosemide for heart failure. What is the primary action of furosemide?

A) Increasing sodium reabsorption
B) Inhibiting aldosterone secretion
C) Increasing potassium excretion
D) Inhibiting reabsorption of sodium and water
Answer:
D) Inhibiting reabsorption of sodium and water

Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and water in the loop of Henle.
242.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of opioids. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering naloxone
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering activated charcoal
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression.
243.
A client is prescribed levofloxacin for a respiratory infection. What education should the nurse provide regarding levofloxacin?

A) Take the medication with dairy products
B) Administer the medication on an empty stomach
C) Increase fluid intake to prevent crystalluria
D) Discontinue the medication if gastrointestinal upset occurs
Answer:
C) Increase fluid intake to prevent crystalluria

Rationale: Levofloxacin can cause crystalluria, and increasing fluid intake helps prevent the formation of crystals in the urine.
244.
A client is admitted with an exacerbation of Crohn’s disease. What dietary intervention is appropriate for managing Crohn’s disease?

A) High-fiber diet
B) Low-residue diet
C) High-protein diet
D) Low-sodium diet
Answer:
B) Low-residue diet

Rationale: A low-residue diet is appropriate for managing Crohn’s disease to minimize bowel irritation and reduce the frequency of bowel movements.
245.
A client is prescribed digoxin for heart failure. What is the primary nursing consideration during digoxin therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor potassium levels
D) Monitor for respiratory depression
Answer:
C) Monitor potassium levels

Rationale: Digoxin can be affected by potassium levels, and hypokalemia can increase the risk of digoxin toxicity. Monitoring potassium levels is essential.
246.
A client is admitted with suspected meningitis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering antibiotics as ordered
B) Monitoring blood glucose levels
C) Administering antipyretics
D) Administering analgesics for pain relief
Answer:
A) Administering antibiotics as ordered

Rationale: The priority in suspected meningitis is to administer antibiotics promptly to treat the infection and prevent complications.
247.
A client is prescribed prednisone for an autoimmune disorder. What education should the nurse provide regarding prednisone?

Rationale: Prednisone is a corticosteroid that can suppress the immune system. Clients should be advised to avoid crowds and individuals with infections to prevent the risk of infection.
248.
A client is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering antibiotics as ordered
B) Restricting fluid intake
C) Administering diuretics
D) Monitoring blood pressure
Answer:
D) Monitoring blood pressure

Rationale: The priority in acute glomerulonephritis is to monitor blood pressure closely to prevent complications such as hypertensive encephalopathy and heart failure.
249.
A client is prescribed lorazepam for anxiety. What is the primary nursing consideration during lorazepam therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor respiratory rate
Answer:
D) Monitor respiratory rate

Rationale: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that can depress the respiratory system. It is important to monitor the client’s respiratory rate during therapy.
250.
A client is admitted with hypertensive urgency. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in hypertensive urgency is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.

251.
A client is prescribed enoxaparin for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis. What is the primary nursing consideration during enoxaparin therapy?

Rationale: Enoxaparin is an anticoagulant, and monitoring for signs of bleeding is crucial to prevent complications.
252.
A client is admitted with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering bronchodilators as ordered
B) Administering diuretics
C) Administering antipyretics
D) Providing mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy
Answer:
D) Providing mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy

Rationale: The priority in ARDS is to provide respiratory support, including mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy, to ensure adequate oxygenation.
253.
A client is prescribed atropine sulfate. What is the therapeutic effect of atropine sulfate?

A) Bradycardia
B) Pupil constriction
C) Increased salivation
D) Bronchodilation
Answer:
D) Bronchodilation

Rationale: Atropine sulfate is an anticholinergic medication that causes bronchodilation among other effects.
254.
A client is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in DKA is to administer insulin to correct hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis.
255.
A client is prescribed simvastatin for hypercholesterolemia. What laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely during simvastatin therapy?

A) Serum potassium level
B) Liver function tests
C) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
D) Serum sodium level
Answer:
B) Liver function tests

Rationale: Statins, including simvastatin, can affect liver function, and monitoring liver function tests is essential during therapy.
256.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of acetaminophen. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administer activated charcoal
B) Administer an opioid analgesic
C) Administer an antipyretic
D) Administer an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administer activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of acetaminophen in cases of overdose.
257.
A client is prescribed lisinopril for hypertension. What is the primary action of lisinopril?

A) Increasing heart rate
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors
C) Stimulating the sympathetic nervous system
D) Inhibiting aldosterone secretion
Answer:
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors

Rationale: Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and decreased aldosterone secretion.
258.
A client is admitted with a seizure disorder and is prescribed phenytoin. What education should the nurse provide regarding phenytoin?

Rationale: Phenytoin should be taken on an empty stomach to enhance absorption. Taking it with antacids can decrease absorption.
259.
A client is admitted with hypertensive urgency. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in hypertensive urgency is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
260.
A client is prescribed nitroglycerin for angina. What education should the nurse provide regarding nitroglycerin?

Rationale: Concurrent use of nitroglycerin and erectile dysfunction medications can lead to severe hypotension. Clients should be advised to avoid using these medications together.
261.
A client is prescribed warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. What is the therapeutic INR range for a client on warfarin?

A) 1.5 to 2.5
B) 2.0 to 3.0
C) 3.5 to 4.5
D) 4.0 to 5.0
Answer:
B) 2.0 to 3.0

Rationale: The therapeutic INR range for a client on warfarin is generally 2.0 to 3.0.
262.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of benzodiazepines. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering naloxone
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering activated charcoal
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of benzodiazepine overdose, including respiratory depression.
263.
A client is prescribed hydrocodone/acetaminophen for pain. What is the primary nursing consideration during hydrocodone/acetaminophen therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor respiratory rate
Answer:
C) Monitor liver function

Rationale: Acetaminophen, a component of hydrocodone/acetaminophen, can cause liver toxicity. Monitoring liver function is important during therapy.
264.
A client is admitted with a hypertensive crisis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in a hypertensive crisis is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
265.
A client is prescribed alendronate for osteoporosis. What education should the nurse provide regarding alendronate?

Rationale: Alendronate can cause esophageal irritation, and clients should be advised to remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication to reduce the risk of esophageal injury.
266.
A client is admitted with exacerbation of asthma. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: Bronchodilators are the priority in managing exacerbations of asthma to relieve bronchospasms and improve airflow.
267.
A client is prescribed prednisone for an autoimmune disorder. What education should the nurse provide regarding prednisone?

Rationale: Prednisone is a corticosteroid that can suppress the immune system. Clients should be advised to avoid crowds and individuals with infections to prevent the risk of infection.
268.
A client is admitted with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: Bronchodilators are the priority in managing COPD to relieve bronchospasms and improve airflow.
269.
A client is prescribed lorazepam for anxiety. What is the primary nursing consideration during lorazepam therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor respiratory rate
Answer:
D) Monitor respiratory rate

Rationale: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that can depress the respiratory system. It is important to monitor the client’s respiratory rate during therapy.
270.
A client is admitted with a hypertensive emergency. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in a hypertensive emergency is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.

271.
A client is prescribed levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. What is the primary nursing consideration during levothyroxine therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor thyroid function
Answer:
D) Monitor thyroid function

Rationale: Levothyroxine is a thyroid hormone replacement, and monitoring thyroid function is essential to ensure the client is within the therapeutic range.
272.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of tricyclic antidepressants. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering an antipyretic
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of tricyclic antidepressants in cases of overdose.
273.
A client is prescribed morphine sulfate for pain. What is the primary nursing consideration during morphine sulfate therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor respiratory rate
Answer:
D) Monitor respiratory rate

Rationale: Morphine sulfate is an opioid analgesic that can depress the respiratory system. Monitoring the client’s respiratory rate is important to prevent respiratory depression.
274.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of acetaminophen. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administer activated charcoal
B) Administer an opioid analgesic
C) Administer an antipyretic
D) Administer an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administer activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of acetaminophen in cases of overdose.
275.
A client is prescribed amiodarone for atrial fibrillation. What is the primary nursing consideration during amiodarone therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor pulmonary function
Answer:
D) Monitor pulmonary function

Rationale: Amiodarone can cause pulmonary toxicity, and monitoring pulmonary function is important during therapy.
276.
A client is admitted with suspected bacterial meningitis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering antibiotics as ordered
B) Monitoring blood glucose levels
C) Administering antipyretics
D) Administering analgesics for pain relief
Answer:
A) Administering antibiotics as ordered

Rationale: The priority in suspected bacterial meningitis is to administer antibiotics promptly to treat the infection and prevent complications.
277.
A client is prescribed risperidone for schizophrenia. What is the primary nursing consideration during risperidone therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor for extrapyramidal side effects
Answer:
D) Monitor for extrapyramidal side effects

Rationale: Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic that can cause extrapyramidal side effects. Monitoring for symptoms such as tremors and rigidity is important during therapy.
278.
A client is admitted with exacerbation of heart failure. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering bronchodilators as ordered
B) Monitoring blood glucose levels
C) Encouraging fluid restriction
D) Administering diuretics as ordered
Answer:
D) Administering diuretics as ordered

Rationale: Diuretics are the priority in managing exacerbations of heart failure to reduce fluid volume and relieve symptoms.
279.
A client is prescribed metoprolol for hypertension. What is the primary action of metoprolol?

A) Vasodilation
B) Inhibition of beta-adrenergic receptors
C) Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
D) Promotion of sodium excretion
Answer:
B) Inhibition of beta-adrenergic receptors

Rationale: Metoprolol is a beta-blocker that inhibits beta-adrenergic receptors, resulting in decreased heart rate and blood pressure.
280.
A client is admitted with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: Bronchodilators are the priority in managing exacerbations of COPD to relieve bronchospasms and improve airflow.

281.
A client is prescribed enalapril for heart failure. What is the primary action of enalapril?

A) Increasing heart rate
B) Inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
C) Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
D) Promotion of sodium excretion
Answer:
B) Inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)

Rationale: Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor that blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and decreased aldosterone secretion.
282.
A client is admitted with acute pancreatitis. What dietary intervention is appropriate for managing acute pancreatitis?

A) Low-fat diet
B) High-fiber diet
C) High-protein diet
D) Low-carbohydrate diet
Answer:
A) Low-fat diet

Rationale: A low-fat diet is appropriate for managing acute pancreatitis to reduce stimulation of the pancreas and minimize fat digestion.
283.
A client is prescribed metoclopramide. What is the therapeutic effect of metoclopramide?

A) Reducing gastric acid secretion
B) Enhancing gastric emptying
C) Increasing mucus production
D) Inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis
Answer:
B) Enhancing gastric emptying

Rationale: Metoclopramide is a prokinetic agent that enhances gastric emptying and is used to treat conditions such as gastroparesis.
284.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of benzodiazepines. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering naloxone
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering activated charcoal
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of benzodiazepine overdose, including respiratory depression.
285.
A client is prescribed hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension. What is the primary action of hydrochlorothiazide?

Rationale: Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and water in the distal tubules of the kidney.
286.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of acetaminophen. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administer activated charcoal
B) Administer an opioid analgesic
C) Administer an antipyretic
D) Administer an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administer activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of acetaminophen in cases of overdose.
287.
A client is prescribed amitriptyline for depression. What education should the nurse provide regarding amitriptyline?

A) Take the medication with dairy products
B) Administer the medication on an empty stomach
C) Take the medication in the morning
D) Avoid consuming tyramine-rich foods
Answer:
B) Administer the medication on an empty stomach

Rationale: Amitriptyline should be taken on an empty stomach to enhance absorption.
288.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of opioids. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering naloxone
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering activated charcoal
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression.
289.
A client is prescribed clopidogrel after a coronary artery stent placement. What is the primary purpose of clopidogrel therapy?

A) Reducing blood pressure
B) Preventing platelet aggregation
C) Lowering cholesterol levels
D) Improving cardiac contractility
Answer:
B) Preventing platelet aggregation

Rationale: Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication used to prevent blood clots by inhibiting platelet aggregation.
290.
A client is admitted with a suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in suspected DVT is to initiate anticoagulant therapy promptly to prevent the formation and extension of blood clots.
291.
A client is admitted with chronic kidney disease. What dietary restriction is important for the nurse to emphasize for this client?

A) Low-protein diet
B) High-sodium diet
C) High-potassium diet
D) High-phosphorus diet
Answer:
A) Low-protein diet

Rationale: A low-protein diet is often recommended for clients with chronic kidney disease to reduce the buildup of waste products that result from protein metabolism.
292.
A client is prescribed heparin for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis. What is the primary nursing consideration during heparin therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor for respiratory depression
Answer:
A) Monitor for signs of bleeding

Rationale: Heparin is an anticoagulant, and monitoring for signs of bleeding is crucial to prevent complications.
293.
A client is admitted with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in ARDS is to provide respiratory support, including mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy, to ensure adequate oxygenation.
294.
A client is prescribed lisinopril for hypertension. What is the primary action of lisinopril?

A) Increasing heart rate
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors
C) Stimulating the sympathetic nervous system
D) Inhibiting aldosterone secretion
Answer:
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors

Rationale: Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and decreased aldosterone secretion.
295.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of benzodiazepines. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering naloxone
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering activated charcoal
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of benzodiazepine overdose, including respiratory depression.
296.
A client is prescribed prednisone for an autoimmune disorder. What education should the nurse provide regarding prednisone?

Rationale: Prednisone is a corticosteroid that can suppress the immune system. Clients should be advised to avoid crowds and individuals with infections to prevent the risk of infection.
297.
A client is admitted with a hypertensive crisis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in a hypertensive crisis is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
298.
A client is prescribed simvastatin for hypercholesterolemia. What laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely during simvastatin therapy?

A) Serum potassium level
B) Liver function tests
C) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
D) Serum sodium level
Answer:
B) Liver function tests

Rationale: Statins, including simvastatin, can affect liver function, and monitoring liver function tests is essential during therapy.
299.
A client is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering antibiotics as ordered
B) Restricting fluid intake
C) Administering diuretics
D) Monitoring blood pressure
Answer:
D) Monitoring blood pressure

Rationale: The priority in acute glomerulonephritis is to monitor blood pressure closely to prevent complications such as hypertensive encephalopathy and heart failure.
300.
A client is prescribed lorazepam for anxiety. What is the primary nursing consideration during lorazepam therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor respiratory rate
Answer:
D) Monitor respiratory rate

Rationale: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that can depress the respiratory system. It is important to monitor the client’s respiratory rate during therapy.
301.
A client is prescribed furosemide for heart failure. What is the primary action of furosemide?

Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and water in the ascending loop of Henle in the kidneys.
302.
A client is admitted with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: Bronchodilators are the priority in managing exacerbations of COPD to relieve bronchospasms and improve airflow.
303.
A client is prescribed warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. What is the therapeutic INR range for a client on warfarin?

A) 1.5 to 2.5
B) 2.0 to 3.0
C) 3.5 to 4.5
D) 4.0 to 5.0
Answer:
B) 2.0 to 3.0

Rationale: The therapeutic INR range for a client on warfarin is generally 2.0 to 3.0.
304.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of tricyclic antidepressants. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering an antipyretic
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of tricyclic antidepressants in cases of overdose.
305.
A client is prescribed lorazepam for alcohol withdrawal. What is the primary nursing consideration during lorazepam therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor respiratory rate
Answer:
D) Monitor respiratory rate

Rationale: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that can depress the respiratory system. It is important to monitor the client’s respiratory rate during therapy.
306.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of opioids. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering naloxone
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering activated charcoal
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression.
307.
A client is prescribed simvastatin for hypercholesterolemia. What laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely during simvastatin therapy?

A) Serum potassium level
B) Liver function tests
C) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
D) Serum sodium level
Answer:
B) Liver function tests

Rationale: Statins, including simvastatin, can affect liver function, and monitoring liver function tests is essential during therapy.
308.
A client is admitted with hypertensive urgency. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in hypertensive urgency is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
309.
A client is prescribed ranitidine for peptic ulcer disease. What is the primary action of ranitidine?

A) Increasing gastric acid secretion
B) Inhibiting histamine receptors in the stomach
C) Increasing mucus production
D) Enhancing gastric emptying
Answer:
B) Inhibiting histamine receptors in the stomach

Rationale: Ranitidine is an H2 receptor antagonist that inhibits histamine receptors in the stomach, leading to reduced gastric acid secretion.
310.
A client is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in DKA is to administer insulin to correct hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis.

311.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of acetaminophen. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering an antipyretic
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of acetaminophen in cases of overdose.
312.
A client is prescribed atorvastatin for hypercholesterolemia. What is the primary action of atorvastatin?

A) Increasing gastric acid secretion
B) Inhibiting cholesterol synthesis in the liver
C) Increasing mucus production
D) Enhancing gastric emptying
Answer:
B) Inhibiting cholesterol synthesis in the liver

Rationale: Atorvastatin is a statin that inhibits cholesterol synthesis in the liver, leading to decreased levels of cholesterol in the blood.
313.
A client is admitted with a hypertensive emergency. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in a hypertensive emergency is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
314.
A client is prescribed sertraline for depression. What education should the nurse provide regarding sertraline?

A) Take the medication on an empty stomach
B) Administer the medication at bedtime
C) Take the medication with a full glass of milk
D) Avoid consuming tyramine-rich foods
Answer:
B) Administer the medication at bedtime

Rationale: Sertraline is an antidepressant that is often administered in the morning or at bedtime. Consistency in timing helps maintain therapeutic blood levels.
315.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of opioids. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering naloxone
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering activated charcoal
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression.
316.
A client is prescribed digoxin for heart failure. What is the primary nursing consideration during digoxin therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor serum digoxin levels
Answer:
D) Monitor serum digoxin levels

Rationale: Digoxin has a narrow therapeutic range, and monitoring serum digoxin levels is essential to prevent toxicity.
317.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of benzodiazepines. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering an antipyretic
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of benzodiazepines in cases of overdose.
318.
A client is prescribed metoprolol for hypertension. What is the primary action of metoprolol?

A) Vasodilation
B) Inhibition of beta-adrenergic receptors
C) Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
D) Promotion of sodium excretion
Answer:
B) Inhibition of beta-adrenergic receptors

Rationale: Metoprolol is a beta-blocker that inhibits beta-adrenergic receptors, resulting in decreased heart rate and blood pressure.
319.
A client is admitted with a suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in suspected DVT is to initiate anticoagulant therapy promptly to prevent the formation and extension of blood clots.
320.
A client is prescribed prednisone for an autoimmune disorder. What education should the nurse provide regarding prednisone?

Rationale: Prednisone is a corticosteroid that can suppress the immune system. Clients should be advised to avoid crowds and individuals with infections to prevent the risk of infection.
321.
A client is prescribed levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. What is the primary nursing consideration during levothyroxine therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor thyroid function
Answer:
D) Monitor thyroid function

Rationale: Levothyroxine is a thyroid hormone replacement, and monitoring thyroid function is essential to ensure the client is within the therapeutic range.
322.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of tricyclic antidepressants. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering an antipyretic
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of tricyclic antidepressants in cases of overdose.
323.
A client is prescribed morphine sulfate for pain. What is the primary nursing consideration during morphine sulfate therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor respiratory rate
Answer:
D) Monitor respiratory rate

Rationale: Morphine sulfate is an opioid analgesic that can depress the respiratory system. Monitoring the client’s respiratory rate is important to prevent respiratory depression.
324.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of acetaminophen. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administer activated charcoal
B) Administer an opioid analgesic
C) Administer an antipyretic
D) Administer an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administer activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of acetaminophen in cases of overdose.
325.
A client is prescribed amiodarone for atrial fibrillation. What is the primary nursing consideration during amiodarone therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor pulmonary function
Answer:
D) Monitor pulmonary function

Rationale: Amiodarone can cause pulmonary toxicity, and monitoring pulmonary function is important during therapy.
326.
A client is admitted with suspected bacterial meningitis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering antibiotics as ordered
B) Monitoring blood glucose levels
C) Administering antipyretics
D) Administering analgesics for pain relief
Answer:
A) Administering antibiotics as ordered

Rationale: The priority in suspected bacterial meningitis is to administer antibiotics promptly to treat the infection and prevent complications.
327.
A client is prescribed risperidone for schizophrenia. What is the primary nursing consideration during risperidone therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor for extrapyramidal side effects
Answer:
D) Monitor for extrapyramidal side effects

Rationale: Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic that can cause extrapyramidal side effects. Monitoring for symptoms such as tremors and rigidity is important during therapy.
328.
A client is admitted with exacerbation of heart failure. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering bronchodilators as ordered
B) Monitoring blood glucose levels
C) Encouraging fluid restriction
D) Administering diuretics as ordered
Answer:
D) Administering diuretics as ordered

Rationale: Diuretics are the priority in managing exacerbations of heart failure to reduce fluid volume and relieve symptoms.
329.
A client is prescribed metoprolol for hypertension. What is the primary action of metoprolol?

A) Vasodilation
B) Inhibition of beta-adrenergic receptors
C) Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
D) Promotion of sodium excretion
Answer:
B) Inhibition of beta-adrenergic receptors

Rationale: Metoprolol is a beta-blocker that inhibits beta-adrenergic receptors, resulting in decreased heart rate and blood pressure.
330.
A client is admitted with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: Bronchodilators are the priority in managing exacerbations of COPD to relieve bronchospasms and improve airflow.

331.
A client is prescribed enoxaparin for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis. What is the primary nursing consideration during enoxaparin therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor platelet count
Answer:
A) Monitor for signs of bleeding

Rationale: Enoxaparin is an anticoagulant, and monitoring for signs of bleeding is crucial to prevent complications.
332.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of salicylates. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering an antipyretic
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of salicylates in cases of overdose.
333.
A client is prescribed alprazolam for anxiety. What education should the nurse provide regarding alprazolam?

A) Take the medication on an empty stomach
B) Administer the medication at bedtime
C) Take the medication with a full glass of milk
D) Avoid consuming tyramine-rich foods
Answer:
A) Take the medication on an empty stomach

Rationale: Alprazolam is a benzodiazepine and is generally taken on an empty stomach for optimal absorption.
334.
A client is admitted with acute pancreatitis. What dietary intervention is appropriate for managing acute pancreatitis?

A) Low-fat diet
B) High-fiber diet
C) High-protein diet
D) Low-carbohydrate diet
Answer:
A) Low-fat diet

Rationale: A low-fat diet is appropriate for managing acute pancreatitis to reduce stimulation of the pancreas and minimize fat digestion.
335.
A client is prescribed isosorbide dinitrate for angina. What is the primary action of isosorbide dinitrate?

A) Increasing heart rate
B) Dilating coronary arteries
C) Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
D) Increasing sodium reabsorption
Answer:
B) Dilating coronary arteries

Rationale: Isosorbide dinitrate is a vasodilator that dilates coronary arteries, improving blood flow to the heart muscle.
336.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of benzodiazepines. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering naloxone
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
C) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of benzodiazepine overdose, including respiratory depression.
337.
A client is prescribed metoclopramide. What is the therapeutic effect of metoclopramide?

A) Reducing gastric acid secretion
B) Enhancing gastric emptying
C) Increasing mucus production
D) Inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis
Answer:
B) Enhancing gastric emptying

Rationale: Metoclopramide is a prokinetic agent that enhances gastric emptying and is used to treat conditions such as gastroparesis.
338.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of opioids. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering naloxone
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering activated charcoal
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression.
339.
A client is prescribed lisinopril for hypertension. What is the primary action of lisinopril?

A) Increasing heart rate
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors
C) Stimulating the sympathetic nervous system
D) Inhibiting aldosterone secretion
Answer:
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors

Rationale: Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and decreased aldosterone secretion.
340.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of acetaminophen. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering an antipyretic
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of acetaminophen in cases of overdose.

341.
A client is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in DKA is to administer insulin to correct hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis.
342.
A client is prescribed simvastatin for hypercholesterolemia. What laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely during simvastatin therapy?

A) Serum potassium level
B) Liver function tests
C) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
D) Serum sodium level
Answer:
B) Liver function tests

Rationale: Statins, including simvastatin, can affect liver function, and monitoring liver function tests is essential during therapy.
343.
A client is admitted with hypertensive urgency. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in hypertensive urgency is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
344.
A client is prescribed lorazepam for anxiety. What is the primary nursing consideration during lorazepam therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor respiratory rate
Answer:
D) Monitor respiratory rate

Rationale: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that can depress the respiratory system. It is important to monitor the client’s respiratory rate during therapy.
345.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of opioids. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering naloxone
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering activated charcoal
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression.
346.
A client is prescribed prednisone for an autoimmune disorder. What education should the nurse provide regarding prednisone?

Rationale: Prednisone is a corticosteroid that can suppress the immune system. Clients should be advised to avoid crowds and individuals with infections to prevent the risk of infection.
347.
A client is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering antibiotics as ordered
B) Restricting fluid intake
C) Administering diuretics
D) Monitoring blood pressure
Answer:
D) Monitoring blood pressure

Rationale: The priority in acute glomerulonephritis is to monitor blood pressure closely to prevent complications such as hypertensive encephalopathy and heart failure.
348.
A client is prescribed lisinopril for hypertension. What is the primary action of lisinopril?

A) Increasing heart rate
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors
C) Stimulating the sympathetic nervous system
D) Inhibiting aldosterone secretion
Answer:
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors

Rationale: Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and decreased aldosterone secretion.
349.
A client is admitted with a hypertensive crisis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in a hypertensive crisis is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
350.
A client is prescribed warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. What is the therapeutic INR range for a client on warfarin?

A) 1.5 to 2.5
B) 2.0 to 3.0
C) 3.5 to 4.5
D) 4.0 to 5.0
Answer:
B) 2.0 to 3.0

Rationale: The therapeutic INR range for a client on warfarin is generally 2.0 to 3.0.
351.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of acetaminophen. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering an antipyretic
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of acetaminophen in cases of overdose.
352.
A client is prescribed atorvastatin for hypercholesterolemia. What is the primary action of atorvastatin?

Rationale: Atorvastatin is a statin that inhibits cholesterol synthesis in the liver, leading to decreased levels of cholesterol in the blood.
353.
A client is admitted with a hypertensive emergency. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in a hypertensive emergency is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
354.
A client is prescribed sertraline for depression. What education should the nurse provide regarding sertraline?

Rationale: Sertraline is an antidepressant that is often administered in the morning or at bedtime. Consistency in timing helps maintain therapeutic blood levels.
355.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of opioids. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering naloxone
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering activated charcoal
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression.
356.
A client is prescribed digoxin for heart failure. What is the primary nursing consideration during digoxin therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor serum digoxin levels
Answer:
D) Monitor serum digoxin levels

Rationale: Digoxin has a narrow therapeutic range, and monitoring serum digoxin levels is essential to prevent toxicity.
357.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of benzodiazepines. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering an antipyretic
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of benzodiazepines in cases of overdose.
358.
A client is prescribed metoprolol for hypertension. What is the primary action of metoprolol?

A) Vasodilation
B) Inhibition of beta-adrenergic receptors
C) Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
D) Promotion of sodium excretion
Answer:
B) Inhibition of beta-adrenergic receptors

Rationale: Metoprolol is a beta-blocker that inhibits beta-adrenergic receptors, resulting in decreased heart rate and blood pressure.
359.
A client is admitted with a suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in suspected DVT is to initiate anticoagulant therapy promptly to prevent the formation and extension of blood clots.
360.
A client is prescribed prednisone for an autoimmune disorder. What education should the nurse provide regarding prednisone?

Rationale: Prednisone is a corticosteroid that can suppress the immune system. Clients should be advised to avoid crowds and individuals with infections to prevent the risk of infection.

361.
A client is prescribed levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. What is the primary nursing consideration during levothyroxine therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor thyroid function
Answer:
D) Monitor thyroid function

Rationale: Levothyroxine is a thyroid hormone replacement, and monitoring thyroid function is essential to ensure the client is within the therapeutic range.
362.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of tricyclic antidepressants. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering an antipyretic
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of tricyclic antidepressants in cases of overdose.
363.
A client is prescribed morphine sulfate for pain. What is the primary nursing consideration during morphine sulfate therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor respiratory rate
Answer:
D) Monitor respiratory rate

Rationale: Morphine sulfate is an opioid analgesic that can depress the respiratory system. Monitoring the client’s respiratory rate is important to prevent respiratory depression.
364.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of acetaminophen. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administer activated charcoal
B) Administer an opioid analgesic
C) Administer an antipyretic
D) Administer an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administer activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of acetaminophen in cases of overdose.
365.
A client is prescribed amiodarone for atrial fibrillation. What is the primary nursing consideration during amiodarone therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor pulmonary function
Answer:
D) Monitor pulmonary function

Rationale: Amiodarone can cause pulmonary toxicity, and monitoring pulmonary function is important during therapy.
366.
A client is admitted with suspected bacterial meningitis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering antibiotics as ordered
B) Monitoring blood glucose levels
C) Administering antipyretics
D) Administering analgesics for pain relief
Answer:
A) Administering antibiotics as ordered

Rationale: The priority in suspected bacterial meningitis is to administer antibiotics promptly to treat the infection and prevent complications.
367.
A client is prescribed risperidone for schizophrenia. What is the primary nursing consideration during risperidone therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor for extrapyramidal side effects
Answer:
D) Monitor for extrapyramidal side effects

Rationale: Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic that can cause extrapyramidal side effects. Monitoring for symptoms such as tremors and rigidity is important during therapy.
368.
A client is admitted with exacerbation of heart failure. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering bronchodilators as ordered
B) Monitoring blood glucose levels
C) Encouraging fluid restriction
D) Administering diuretics as ordered
Answer:
D) Administering diuretics as ordered

Rationale: Diuretics are the priority in managing exacerbations of heart failure to reduce fluid volume and relieve symptoms.
369.
A client is prescribed metoprolol for hypertension. What is the primary action of metoprolol?

A) Vasodilation
B) Inhibition of beta-adrenergic receptors
C) Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
D) Promotion of sodium excretion
Answer:
B) Inhibition of beta-adrenergic receptors

Rationale: Metoprolol is a beta-blocker that inhibits beta-adrenergic receptors, resulting in decreased heart rate and blood pressure.
370.
A client is admitted with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: Bronchodilators are the priority in managing exacerbations of COPD to relieve bronchospasms and improve airflow

371.
A client is prescribed enoxaparin for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis. What is the primary nursing consideration during enoxaparin therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor platelet count
Answer:
A) Monitor for signs of bleeding

Rationale: Enoxaparin is an anticoagulant, and monitoring for signs of bleeding is crucial to prevent complications.
372.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of salicylates. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering an antipyretic
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of salicylates in cases of overdose.
373.
A client is prescribed alprazolam for anxiety. What education should the nurse provide regarding alprazolam?

Rationale: Alprazolam is a benzodiazepine and is generally taken on an empty stomach for optimal absorption.
374.
A client is admitted with acute pancreatitis. What dietary intervention is appropriate for managing acute pancreatitis?

A) Low-fat diet
B) High-fiber diet
C) High-protein diet
D) Low-carbohydrate diet
Answer:
A) Low-fat diet

Rationale: A low-fat diet is appropriate for managing acute pancreatitis to reduce stimulation of the pancreas and minimize fat digestion.
375.
A client is prescribed isosorbide dinitrate for angina. What is the primary action of isosorbide dinitrate?

A) Increasing heart rate
B) Dilating coronary arteries
C) Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
D) Increasing sodium reabsorption
Answer:
B) Dilating coronary arteries

Rationale: Isosorbide dinitrate is a vasodilator that dilates coronary arteries, improving blood flow to the heart muscle.
376.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of benzodiazepines. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering naloxone
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
C) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of benzodiazepine overdose, including respiratory depression.
377.
A client is prescribed metoclopramide. What is the therapeutic effect of metoclopramide?

A) Reducing gastric acid secretion
B) Enhancing gastric emptying
C) Increasing mucus production
D) Inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis
Answer:
B) Enhancing gastric emptying

Rationale: Metoclopramide is a prokinetic agent that enhances gastric emptying and is used to treat conditions such as gastroparesis.
378.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of opioids. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering naloxone
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering activated charcoal
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression.
379.
A client is prescribed lisinopril for hypertension. What is the primary action of lisinopril?

A) Increasing heart rate
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors
C) Stimulating the sympathetic nervous system
D) Inhibiting aldosterone secretion
Answer:
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors

Rationale: Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and decreased aldosterone secretion.
380.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of acetaminophen. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering an antipyretic
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of acetaminophen in cases of overdose.

381.
A client is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in DKA is to administer insulin to correct hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis.
382.
A client is prescribed simvastatin for hypercholesterolemia. What laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely during simvastatin therapy?

A) Serum potassium level
B) Liver function tests
C) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
D) Serum sodium level
Answer:
B) Liver function tests

Rationale: Statins, including simvastatin, can affect liver function, and monitoring liver function tests is essential during therapy.
383.
A client is admitted with hypertensive urgency. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in hypertensive urgency is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
384.
A client is prescribed lorazepam for anxiety. What is the primary nursing consideration during lorazepam therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor respiratory rate
Answer:
D) Monitor respiratory rate

Rationale: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that can depress the respiratory system. It is important to monitor the client’s respiratory rate during therapy.
385.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of opioids. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering naloxone
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering activated charcoal
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression.
386.
A client is prescribed prednisone for an autoimmune disorder. What education should the nurse provide regarding prednisone?

Rationale: Prednisone is a corticosteroid that can suppress the immune system. Clients should be advised to avoid crowds and individuals with infections to prevent the risk of infection.
387.
A client is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering antibiotics as ordered
B) Restricting fluid intake
C) Administering diuretics
D) Monitoring blood pressure
Answer:
D) Monitoring blood pressure

Rationale: The priority in acute glomerulonephritis is to monitor blood pressure closely to prevent complications such as hypertensive encephalopathy and heart failure.
388.
A client is prescribed lisinopril for hypertension. What is the primary action of lisinopril?

A) Increasing heart rate
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors
C) Stimulating the sympathetic nervous system
D) Inhibiting aldosterone secretion
Answer:
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors

Rationale: Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and decreased aldosterone secretion.
389.
A client is admitted with a hypertensive crisis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in a hypertensive crisis is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
390.
A client is prescribed warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. What is the therapeutic INR range for a client on warfarin?

A) 1.5 to 2.5
B) 2.0 to 3.0
C) 3.5 to 4.5
D) 4.0 to 5.0
Answer:
B) 2.0 to 3.0

Rationale: The therapeutic INR range for a client on warfarin is generally 2.0 to 3.0.
391.
A client is prescribed levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. What is the primary nursing consideration during levothyroxine therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor thyroid function
Answer:
D) Monitor thyroid function

Rationale: Levothyroxine is a thyroid hormone replacement, and monitoring thyroid function is essential to ensure the client is within the therapeutic range.
392.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of tricyclic antidepressants. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering an antipyretic
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of tricyclic antidepressants in cases of overdose.
393.
A client is prescribed morphine sulfate for pain. What is the primary nursing consideration during morphine sulfate therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor respiratory rate
Answer:
D) Monitor respiratory rate

Rationale: Morphine sulfate is an opioid analgesic that can depress the respiratory system. Monitoring the client’s respiratory rate is important to prevent respiratory depression.
394.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of acetaminophen. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administer activated charcoal
B) Administer an opioid analgesic
C) Administer an antipyretic
D) Administer an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administer activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of acetaminophen in cases of overdose.
395.
A client is prescribed amiodarone for atrial fibrillation. What is the primary nursing consideration during amiodarone therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor pulmonary function
Answer:
D) Monitor pulmonary function

Rationale: Amiodarone can cause pulmonary toxicity, and monitoring pulmonary function is important during therapy.
396.
A client is admitted with suspected bacterial meningitis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering antibiotics as ordered
B) Monitoring blood glucose levels
C) Administering antipyretics
D) Administering analgesics for pain relief
Answer:
A) Administering antibiotics as ordered

Rationale: The priority in suspected bacterial meningitis is to administer antibiotics promptly to treat the infection and prevent complications.
397.
A client is prescribed risperidone for schizophrenia. What is the primary nursing consideration during risperidone therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor for extrapyramidal side effects
Answer:
D) Monitor for extrapyramidal side effects

Rationale: Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic that can cause extrapyramidal side effects. Monitoring for symptoms such as tremors and rigidity is important during therapy.
398.
A client is admitted with exacerbation of heart failure. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering bronchodilators as ordered
B) Monitoring blood glucose levels
C) Encouraging fluid restriction
D) Administering diuretics as ordered
Answer:
D) Administering diuretics as ordered

Rationale: Diuretics are the priority in managing exacerbations of heart failure to reduce fluid volume and relieve symptoms.
399.
A client is prescribed metoprolol for hypertension. What is the primary action of metoprolol?

A) Vasodilation
B) Inhibition of beta-adrenergic receptors
C) Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
D) Promotion of sodium excretion
Answer:
B) Inhibition of beta-adrenergic receptors

Rationale: Metoprolol is a beta-blocker that inhibits beta-adrenergic receptors, resulting in decreased heart rate and blood pressure.
400.
A client is admitted with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: Bronchodilators are the priority in managing exacerbations of COPD to relieve bronchospasms and improve airflow.
401.
A client is prescribed enoxaparin for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis. What is the primary nursing consideration during enoxaparin therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor platelet count
Answer:
A) Monitor for signs of bleeding

Rationale: Enoxaparin is an anticoagulant, and monitoring for signs of bleeding is crucial to prevent complications.
402.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of salicylates. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering an antipyretic
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of salicylates in cases of overdose.
403.
A client is prescribed alprazolam for anxiety. What education should the nurse provide regarding alprazolam?

Rationale: Alprazolam is a benzodiazepine and is generally taken on an empty stomach for optimal absorption.
404.
A client is admitted with acute pancreatitis. What dietary intervention is appropriate for managing acute pancreatitis?

A) Low-fat diet
B) High-fiber diet
C) High-protein diet
D) Low-carbohydrate diet
Answer:
A) Low-fat diet

Rationale: A low-fat diet is appropriate for managing acute pancreatitis to reduce stimulation of the pancreas and minimize fat digestion.
405.
A client is prescribed isosorbide dinitrate for angina. What is the primary action of isosorbide dinitrate?

A) Increasing heart rate
B) Dilating coronary arteries
C) Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
D) Increasing sodium reabsorption
Answer:
B) Dilating coronary arteries

Rationale: Isosorbide dinitrate is a vasodilator that dilates coronary arteries, improving blood flow to the heart muscle.
406.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of benzodiazepines. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering naloxone
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
C) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of benzodiazepine overdose, including respiratory depression.
407.
A client is prescribed metoclopramide. What is the therapeutic effect of metoclopramide?

A) Reducing gastric acid secretion
B) Enhancing gastric emptying
C) Increasing mucus production
D) Inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis
Answer:
B) Enhancing gastric emptying

Rationale: Metoclopramide is a prokinetic agent that enhances gastric emptying and is used to treat conditions such as gastroparesis.
408.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of opioids. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering naloxone
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering activated charcoal
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression.
409.
A client is prescribed lisinopril for hypertension. What is the primary action of lisinopril?

A) Increasing heart rate
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors
C) Stimulating the sympathetic nervous system
D) Inhibiting aldosterone secretion
Answer:
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors

Rationale: Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and decreased aldosterone secretion.
410.
A client is admitted with a hypertensive crisis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in a hypertensive crisis is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
411.
A client is prescribed warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. What is the therapeutic INR range for a client on warfarin?

A) 1.5 to 2.5
B) 2.0 to 3.0
C) 3.5 to 4.5
D) 4.0 to 5.0
Answer:
B) 2.0 to 3.0

Rationale: The therapeutic INR range for a client on warfarin is generally 2.0 to 3.0.
412.
A client is admitted with hypertensive urgency. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in hypertensive urgency is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
413.
A client is prescribed lorazepam for anxiety. What is the primary nursing consideration during lorazepam therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor respiratory rate
Answer:
D) Monitor respiratory rate

Rationale: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that can depress the respiratory system. It is important to monitor the client’s respiratory rate during therapy.
414.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of opioids. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering naloxone
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering activated charcoal
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression.
415.
A client is prescribed simvastatin for hypercholesterolemia. What laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely during simvastatin therapy?

A) Serum potassium level
B) Liver function tests
C) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
D) Serum sodium level
Answer:
B) Liver function tests

Rationale: Statins, including simvastatin, can affect liver function, and monitoring liver function tests is essential during therapy.
416.
A client is prescribed prednisone for an autoimmune disorder. What education should the nurse provide regarding prednisone?

Rationale: Prednisone is a corticosteroid that can suppress the immune system. Clients should be advised to avoid crowds and individuals with infections to prevent the risk of infection.
417.
A client is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering antibiotics as ordered
B) Restricting fluid intake
C) Administering diuretics
D) Monitoring blood pressure
Answer:
D) Monitoring blood pressure

Rationale: The priority in acute glomerulonephritis is to monitor blood pressure closely to prevent complications such as hypertensive encephalopathy and heart failure.
418.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of benzodiazepines. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering naloxone
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
C) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of benzodiazepine overdose, including respiratory depression.
419.
A client is prescribed lisinopril for hypertension. What is the primary action of lisinopril?

A) Increasing heart rate
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors
C) Stimulating the sympathetic nervous system
D) Inhibiting aldosterone secretion
Answer:
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors

Rationale: Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and decreased aldosterone secretion.
420.
A client is admitted with a hypertensive crisis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in a hypertensive crisis is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
421.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of tricyclic antidepressants. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering an antipyretic
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of tricyclic antidepressants in cases of overdose.
422.
A client is prescribed morphine sulfate for pain. What is the primary nursing consideration during morphine sulfate therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor respiratory rate
Answer:
D) Monitor respiratory rate

Rationale: Morphine sulfate is an opioid analgesic that can depress the respiratory system. Monitoring the client’s respiratory rate is important to prevent respiratory depression.
423.
A client is admitted with a hypertensive crisis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in a hypertensive crisis is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
424.
A client is prescribed alprazolam for anxiety. What education should the nurse provide regarding alprazolam?

Rationale: Alprazolam is a benzodiazepine and is generally taken on an empty stomach for optimal absorption.
425.
A client is admitted with exacerbation of heart failure. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering bronchodilators as ordered
B) Monitoring blood glucose levels
C) Encouraging fluid restriction
D) Administering diuretics as ordered
Answer:
D) Administering diuretics as ordered

Rationale: Diuretics are the priority in managing exacerbations of heart failure to reduce fluid volume and relieve symptoms.
426.
A client is prescribed risperidone for schizophrenia. What is the primary nursing consideration during risperidone therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor for extrapyramidal side effects
Answer:
D) Monitor for extrapyramidal side effects

Rationale: Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic that can cause extrapyramidal side effects. Monitoring for symptoms such as tremors and rigidity is important during therapy.
427.
A client is admitted with suspected bacterial meningitis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering antibiotics as ordered
B) Restricting fluid intake
C) Administering antipyretics
D) Administering analgesics for pain relief
Answer:
A) Administering antibiotics as ordered

Rationale: The priority in suspected bacterial meningitis is to administer antibiotics promptly to treat the infection and prevent complications.
428.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of benzodiazepines. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering naloxone
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
C) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of benzodiazepine overdose, including respiratory depression.
429.
A client is prescribed lisinopril for hypertension. What is the primary action of lisinopril?

A) Increasing heart rate
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors
C) Stimulating the sympathetic nervous system
D) Inhibiting aldosterone secretion
Answer:
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors

Rationale: Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and decreased aldosterone secretion.
430.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of acetaminophen. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering an antipyretic
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of acetaminophen in cases of overdose.

431.
A client is prescribed levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. What is the primary nursing consideration during levothyroxine therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor thyroid function
Answer:
D) Monitor thyroid function

Rationale: Levothyroxine is a thyroid hormone replacement, and monitoring thyroid function is essential to ensure the client is within the therapeutic range.
432.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of salicylates. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering an antipyretic
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of salicylates in cases of overdose.
433.
A client is prescribed enoxaparin for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis. What is the primary nursing consideration during enoxaparin therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor platelet count
Answer:
A) Monitor for signs of bleeding

Rationale: Enoxaparin is an anticoagulant, and monitoring for signs of bleeding is crucial to prevent complications.
434.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of tricyclic antidepressants. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering naloxone
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of tricyclic antidepressants in cases of overdose.
435.
A client is prescribed isosorbide dinitrate for angina. What is the primary action of isosorbide dinitrate?

A) Increasing heart rate
B) Dilating coronary arteries
C) Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
D) Increasing sodium reabsorption
Answer:
B) Dilating coronary arteries

Rationale: Isosorbide dinitrate is a vasodilator that dilates coronary arteries, improving blood flow to the heart muscle.
436.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of benzodiazepines. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering naloxone
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
C) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of benzodiazepine overdose, including respiratory depression.
437.
A client is prescribed metoclopramide. What is the therapeutic effect of metoclopramide?

A) Reducing gastric acid secretion
B) Enhancing gastric emptying
C) Increasing mucus production
D) Inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis
Answer:
B) Enhancing gastric emptying

Rationale: Metoclopramide is a prokinetic agent that enhances gastric emptying and is used to treat conditions such as gastroparesis.
438.
A client is admitted with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: Bronchodilators are the priority in managing exacerbations of COPD to relieve bronchospasms and improve airflow.
439.
A client is admitted with acute pancreatitis. What dietary intervention is appropriate for managing acute pancreatitis?

A) Low-fat diet
B) High-fiber diet
C) High-protein diet
D) Low-carbohydrate diet
Answer:
A) Low-fat diet

Rationale: A low-fat diet is appropriate for managing acute pancreatitis to reduce stimulation of the pancreas and minimize fat digestion.
440.
A client is prescribed amiodarone for atrial fibrillation. What is the primary nursing consideration during amiodarone therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor pulmonary function
Answer:
D) Monitor pulmonary function

Rationale: Amiodarone can cause pulmonary toxicity, and monitoring pulmonary function is important during therapy.
441.
A client is prescribed warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. What is the therapeutic INR range for a client on warfarin?

A) 1.5 to 2.5
B) 2.0 to 3.0
C) 3.5 to 4.5
D) 4.0 to 5.0
Answer:
B) 2.0 to 3.0

Rationale: The therapeutic INR range for a client on warfarin is generally 2.0 to 3.0.
442.
A client is admitted with hypertensive urgency. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in hypertensive urgency is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
443.
A client is prescribed lorazepam for anxiety. What is the primary nursing consideration during lorazepam therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor respiratory rate
Answer:
D) Monitor respiratory rate

Rationale: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that can depress the respiratory system. It is important to monitor the client’s respiratory rate during therapy.
444.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of opioids. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering naloxone
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering activated charcoal
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression.
445.
A client is prescribed simvastatin for hypercholesterolemia. What laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely during simvastatin therapy?

A) Serum potassium level
B) Liver function tests
C) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
D) Serum sodium level
Answer:
B) Liver function tests

Rationale: Statins, including simvastatin, can affect liver function, and monitoring liver function tests is essential during therapy.
446.
A client is prescribed prednisone for an autoimmune disorder. What education should the nurse provide regarding prednisone?

Rationale: Prednisone is a corticosteroid that can suppress the immune system. Clients should be advised to avoid crowds and individuals with infections to prevent the risk of infection.
447.
A client is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering antibiotics as ordered
B) Restricting fluid intake
C) Administering diuretics
D) Monitoring blood pressure
Answer:
D) Monitoring blood pressure

Rationale: The priority in acute glomerulonephritis is to monitor blood pressure closely to prevent complications such as hypertensive encephalopathy and heart failure.
448.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of benzodiazepines. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering naloxone
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
C) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of benzodiazepine overdose, including respiratory depression.
449.
A client is prescribed lisinopril for hypertension. What is the primary action of lisinopril?

A) Increasing heart rate
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors
C) Stimulating the sympathetic nervous system
D) Inhibiting aldosterone secretion
Answer:
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors

Rationale: Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and decreased aldosterone secretion.
450.
A client is admitted with a hypertensive crisis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in a hypertensive crisis is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
451.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of tricyclic antidepressants. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering naloxone
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of tricyclic antidepressants in cases of overdose.
452.
A client is prescribed morphine sulfate for pain. What is the primary nursing consideration during morphine sulfate therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor respiratory rate
Answer:
D) Monitor respiratory rate

Rationale: Morphine sulfate is an opioid analgesic that can depress the respiratory system. Monitoring the client’s respiratory rate is important to prevent respiratory depression.
453.
A client is admitted with a hypertensive crisis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in hypertensive crisis is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
454.
A client is prescribed alprazolam for anxiety. What education should the nurse provide regarding alprazolam?

Rationale: Alprazolam is a benzodiazepine and is generally taken on an empty stomach for optimal absorption.
455.
A client is admitted with exacerbation of heart failure. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering bronchodilators as ordered
B) Monitoring blood glucose levels
C) Encouraging fluid restriction
D) Administering diuretics as ordered
Answer:
D) Administering diuretics as ordered

Rationale: Diuretics are the priority in managing exacerbations of heart failure to reduce fluid volume and relieve symptoms.
456.
A client is prescribed risperidone for schizophrenia. What is the primary nursing consideration during risperidone therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor for extrapyramidal side effects
Answer:
D) Monitor for extrapyramidal side effects

Rationale: Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic that can cause extrapyramidal side effects. Monitoring for symptoms such as tremors and rigidity is important during therapy.
457.
A client is admitted with suspected bacterial meningitis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering antibiotics as ordered
B) Restricting fluid intake
C) Administering antipyretics
D) Administering analgesics for pain relief
Answer:
A) Administering antibiotics as ordered

Rationale: The priority in suspected bacterial meningitis is to administer antibiotics promptly to treat the infection and prevent complications.
458.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of benzodiazepines. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering naloxone
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
C) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of benzodiazepine overdose, including respiratory depression.
459.
A client is prescribed lisinopril for hypertension. What is the primary action of lisinopril?

A) Increasing heart rate
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors
C) Stimulating the sympathetic nervous system
D) Inhibiting aldosterone secretion
Answer:
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors

Rationale: Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and decreased aldosterone secretion.
460.
A client is admitted with a hypertensive crisis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in a hypertensive crisis is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
461.
A client is prescribed levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. What is the primary nursing consideration during levothyroxine therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor thyroid function
Answer:
D) Monitor thyroid function

Rationale: Levothyroxine is a thyroid hormone replacement, and monitoring thyroid function is essential to ensure the client is within the therapeutic range.
462.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of salicylates. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering an antipyretic
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of salicylates in cases of overdose.
463.
A client is prescribed enoxaparin for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis. What is the primary nursing consideration during enoxaparin therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor platelet count
Answer:
A) Monitor for signs of bleeding

Rationale: Enoxaparin is an anticoagulant, and monitoring for signs of bleeding is crucial to prevent complications.
464.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of tricyclic antidepressants. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering naloxone
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of tricyclic antidepressants in cases of overdose.
465.
A client is prescribed isosorbide dinitrate for angina. What is the primary action of isosorbide dinitrate?

A) Increasing heart rate
B) Dilating coronary arteries
C) Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
D) Increasing sodium reabsorption
Answer:
B) Dilating coronary arteries

Rationale: Isosorbide dinitrate is a vasodilator that dilates coronary arteries, improving blood flow to the heart muscle.
466.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of benzodiazepines. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering naloxone
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
C) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of benzodiazepine overdose, including respiratory depression.
467.
A client is prescribed metoclopramide. What is the therapeutic effect of metoclopramide?

A) Reducing gastric acid secretion
B) Enhancing gastric emptying
C) Increasing mucus production
D) Inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis
Answer:
B) Enhancing gastric emptying

Rationale: Metoclopramide is a prokinetic agent that enhances gastric emptying and is used to treat conditions such as gastroparesis.
468.
A client is admitted with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: Bronchodilators are the priority in managing exacerbations of COPD to relieve bronchospasms and improve airflow.
469.
A client is admitted with acute pancreatitis. What dietary intervention is appropriate for managing acute pancreatitis?

A) Low-fat diet
B) High-fiber diet
C) High-protein diet
D) Low-carbohydrate diet
Answer:
A) Low-fat diet

Rationale: A low-fat diet is appropriate for managing acute pancreatitis to reduce stimulation of the pancreas and minimize fat digestion.
470.
A client is prescribed amiodarone for atrial fibrillation. What is the primary nursing consideration during amiodarone therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor pulmonary function
Answer:
D) Monitor pulmonary function

Rationale: Amiodarone can cause pulmonary toxicity, and monitoring pulmonary function is important during therapy

471.
A client is prescribed warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. What is the therapeutic INR range for a client on warfarin?

A) 1.5 to 2.5
B) 2.0 to 3.0
C) 3.5 to 4.5
D) 4.0 to 5.0
Answer:
B) 2.0 to 3.0

Rationale: The therapeutic INR range for a client on warfarin is generally 2.0 to 3.0.
472.
A client is admitted with hypertensive urgency. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in hypertensive urgency is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
473.
A client is prescribed lorazepam for anxiety. What is the primary nursing consideration during lorazepam therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor respiratory rate
Answer:
D) Monitor respiratory rate

Rationale: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that can depress the respiratory system. It is important to monitor the client’s respiratory rate during therapy.
474.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of opioids. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering naloxone
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering activated charcoal
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression.
475.
A client is prescribed simvastatin for hypercholesterolemia. What laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely during simvastatin therapy?

A) Serum potassium level
B) Liver function tests
C) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
D) Serum sodium level
Answer:
B) Liver function tests

Rationale: Statins, including simvastatin, can affect liver function, and monitoring liver function tests is essential during therapy.
476.
A client is prescribed prednisone for an autoimmune disorder. What education should the nurse provide regarding prednisone?

Rationale: Prednisone is a corticosteroid that can suppress the immune system. Clients should be advised to avoid crowds and individuals with infections to prevent the risk of infection.
477.
A client is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering antibiotics as ordered
B) Restricting fluid intake
C) Administering diuretics
D) Monitoring blood pressure
Answer:
D) Monitoring blood pressure

Rationale: The priority in acute glomerulonephritis is to monitor blood pressure closely to prevent complications such as hypertensive encephalopathy and heart failure.
478.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of benzodiazepines. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering naloxone
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
C) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of benzodiazepine overdose, including respiratory depression.
479.
A client is prescribed lisinopril for hypertension. What is the primary action of lisinopril?

A) Increasing heart rate
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors
C) Stimulating the sympathetic nervous system
D) Inhibiting aldosterone secretion
Answer:
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors

Rationale: Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and decreased aldosterone secretion.
480.
A client is admitted with a hypertensive crisis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in a hypertensive crisis is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
481.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of tricyclic antidepressants. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering naloxone
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of tricyclic antidepressants in cases of overdose.
482.
A client is prescribed morphine sulfate for pain. What is the primary nursing consideration during morphine sulfate therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor respiratory rate
Answer:
D) Monitor respiratory rate

Rationale: Morphine sulfate is an opioid analgesic that can depress the respiratory system. Monitoring the client’s respiratory rate is important to prevent respiratory depression.
483.
A client is admitted with a hypertensive crisis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in hypertensive crisis is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
484.
A client is prescribed alprazolam for anxiety. What education should the nurse provide regarding alprazolam?

Rationale: Alprazolam is a benzodiazepine and is generally taken on an empty stomach for optimal absorption.
485.
A client is admitted with exacerbation of heart failure. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering bronchodilators as ordered
B) Monitoring blood glucose levels
C) Encouraging fluid restriction
D) Administering diuretics as ordered
Answer:
D) Administering diuretics as ordered

Rationale: Diuretics are the priority in managing exacerbations of heart failure to reduce fluid volume and relieve symptoms.
486.
A client is prescribed risperidone for schizophrenia. What is the primary nursing consideration during risperidone therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor for extrapyramidal side effects
Answer:
D) Monitor for extrapyramidal side effects

Rationale: Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic that can cause extrapyramidal side effects. Monitoring for symptoms such as tremors and rigidity is important during therapy.
487.
A client is admitted with suspected bacterial meningitis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering antibiotics as ordered
B) Restricting fluid intake
C) Administering antipyretics
D) Administering analgesics for pain relief
Answer:
A) Administering antibiotics as ordered

Rationale: The priority in suspected bacterial meningitis is to administer antibiotics promptly to treat the infection and prevent complications.
488.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of benzodiazepines. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering naloxone
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
C) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of benzodiazepine overdose, including respiratory depression.
489.
A client is prescribed lisinopril for hypertension. What is the primary action of lisinopril?

A) Increasing heart rate
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors
C) Stimulating the sympathetic nervous system
D) Inhibiting aldosterone secretion
Answer:
B) Blocking angiotensin receptors

Rationale: Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and decreased aldosterone secretion.
490.
A client is admitted with a hypertensive crisis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: The priority in a hypertensive crisis is to lower blood pressure promptly to prevent organ damage. Administering an antihypertensive medication is the first-line intervention.
491.
A client is prescribed levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. What is the primary nursing consideration during levothyroxine therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor thyroid function
Answer:
D) Monitor thyroid function

Rationale: Levothyroxine is a thyroid hormone replacement, and monitoring thyroid function is essential to ensure the client is within the therapeutic range.
492.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of salicylates. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering an antipyretic
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of salicylates in cases of overdose.
493.
A client is prescribed enoxaparin for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis. What is the primary nursing consideration during enoxaparin therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor platelet count
Answer:
A) Monitor for signs of bleeding

Rationale: Enoxaparin is an anticoagulant, and monitoring for signs of bleeding is crucial to prevent complications.
494.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of tricyclic antidepressants. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering naloxone
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
A) Administering activated charcoal

Rationale: Activated charcoal can help absorb and prevent further absorption of tricyclic antidepressants in cases of overdose.
495.
A client is prescribed isosorbide dinitrate for angina. What is the primary action of isosorbide dinitrate?

A) Increasing heart rate
B) Dilating coronary arteries
C) Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
D) Increasing sodium reabsorption
Answer:
B) Dilating coronary arteries

Rationale: Isosorbide dinitrate is a vasodilator that dilates coronary arteries, improving blood flow to the heart muscle.
496.
A client is admitted with a suspected overdose of benzodiazepines. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A) Administering activated charcoal
B) Administering an opioid analgesic
C) Administering naloxone
D) Administering an antiemetic
Answer:
C) Administering naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone can reverse the effects of benzodiazepine overdose, including respiratory depression.
497.
A client is prescribed metoclopramide. What is the therapeutic effect of metoclopramide?

A) Reducing gastric acid secretion
B) Enhancing gastric emptying
C) Increasing mucus production
D) Inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis
Answer:
B) Enhancing gastric emptying

Rationale: Metoclopramide is a prokinetic agent that enhances gastric emptying and is used to treat conditions such as gastroparesis.
498.
A client is admitted with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). What is the priority nursing intervention?

Rationale: Bronchodilators are the priority in managing exacerbations of COPD to relieve bronchospasms and improve airflow.
499.
A client is admitted with acute pancreatitis. What dietary intervention is appropriate for managing acute pancreatitis?

A) Low-fat diet
B) High-fiber diet
C) High-protein diet
D) Low-carbohydrate diet
Answer:
A) Low-fat diet

Rationale: A low-fat diet is appropriate for managing acute pancreatitis to reduce stimulation of the pancreas and minimize fat digestion.
500.
A client is prescribed amiodarone for atrial fibrillation. What is the primary nursing consideration during amiodarone therapy?

A) Monitor for signs of bleeding
B) Assess for increased intracranial pressure
C) Monitor liver function
D) Monitor pulmonary function
Answer:
D) Monitor pulmonary function

Rationale: Amiodarone can cause pulmonary toxicity, and monitoring pulmonary function is important during therapy.